Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Scotto.
HCV is seen as an emergent problem in Dialysis Units; in fact, the patients of these centers are at high risk for blood-transmitted infections, through coming microepidemies. For this reason and using the same method, we have studied the prevalence of anti-HCV and virus-derived hepatitis in a dialytic population of 105 patients. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 25.71%.
Recurrent calculi of the main bile way may be recurrent or residual. Recurrent stones are yellow-brown, crumbly and earthy and contain high quantities of calcium palmitate; residual stones, on the other hand, are firmer, round or berry-like, usually faceted and contain cholesterol, bilirubinate and carbonate of calcium (aragonite, vaterite, etc.) but never palmitate. Residual stones at times also present a peripheral "shell" presenting palmitate and this shows that a new component determined by bile changes is added to the cholesterol stone, which represents the central core, because of stasis and biliary infection. The distinction of calculi into residual and recurrent is also made on the basis of the classic morphologic and clinical criteria described in the literature, also and above all on the basis of specific, objective scientific criteria deriving from in-depth clinical study of the patient, the chemical study of the bile, morphological, mineralogical and structural study of the stone. The following are considered in particular: instrumental examinations made during hospitalisation and operation; pH, enzymatic activity (phospholipase, trypsin and amylase) and examination of bile cultures; morphological, microscopic examination (electronic scan microscopy) and mineralogical examination (X-ray diffractometry and infrared spectroscopy) of the calculus. A personal series of recurrent calculosis of the main biliary way is considered, special attention being paid to a case that was particularly interesting in relation to the fact lithiasic recurrence occurred just 10 months after the previous operation and the fact that biliary stasis was not determined by stenosis of the papilla which proved fully patent.
Continuing researches on the monitoring of acute phase proteins (A.P.P.) as markers of septic risk in the surgery patient, a series of 50 patients suffering from pathological processes classifiable as follows has been examined: 1) acute biliary pancreatitis 18 cases; 2) acute hepatobiliary pathology without pancreatic impairment 26 cases; 3) burn 2 cases; 4) particularly serious sepsis in immunodepressed subjects 4 cases. The constant finding of increased values of PCR, fibrin, cerul, alpha 1-Trip in the surgery patient at septic risk and their normalisation after treatment is, in single cases, particularly significant and perfectly consistent with the clinical entity of the infectious process. In immunodepressed surgery patients showing deficiency in nitrogen balance and suffering from endotoxin shock a marked, persistent decrease in alpha 2-Macro, Tranfs, Albu and Prealbu parameters was noted. The reduction in these four A.P.P. can, in the Authors' experience, be considered a diagnostic indicator of sepsis of extreme gravity and an unfavourable prognosis finding regarding the course of the disease process.
The latest findings on lymphatic draining of the splenocolic flexure are recalled in a discussion of lymphadenectomy in the surgical treatment of cancer of the left corner of the colon. The main features of the lymphatic down flow ways of this colon segment justify extended exeresis operations as described by Madden and Welti: they also mention colon resection, removal in one block of the spleen and the caudal corporal portion of the pancreas with the lymph node stations of the pancreatico-lienal group invaded by cancer. Some observations are made regarding experience of twenty-five years at various Hospital Surgeries and twenty operated patients: stress is laid on the importance of intraoperative biopsy of the pancreatico-lineal lymph nodes for the purposes of correct staging and for programming extended surgical exeresis.
The aim of our study was to compare the effects of a sub-chronic treatment with fresh cola seed extract and pure caffeine in the male rat. The activity tests (open-field) and reactivity (tail-tap, resistance to capture), show that fresh cola has an effect on behavior similar to that of caffeine. However, the effects of cola are more gradual than those of caffeine. Furthermore, cola administration leads to an increase in the fall latency observed during the grasping test. These results suggest that the fresh cola seed has both psychostimulating properties similar to those of caffeine, and an original effect on muscular tonus.
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