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Biomedical subjects

G Shiomoto

Publications and source records attributed to G Shiomoto.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Development and validation of the satisfaction with pharmacist scale.

To assess patients' satisfaction with pharmacists, seven questions were developed with semistructured input from 5 pharmacy practice faculty members and 11 patients with cancer. The study identified 1617 English- and Spanish-speaking patients with cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who participated in a multisite validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale. Of these, 1124 had seen a pharmacist in the past 7 days and therefore were eligible; 608 spoke English and 516 Spanish. The seven items on the Satisfaction with Pharmacist (SWiP) scale were rated on a five-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 4 = very much). The reliability of the English and Spanish versions was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficients. The unidimensionality and construct validity were analyzed with the Rasch rating scale model. The alpha coefficients for the English and Spanish versions were 0.90 and 0.92, respectively. Rasch analyses of item responses showed that none of the items in either language was a misfit, which supported their ability to measure a unidimensional construct. Item difficulty plots revealed that no item exhibited differential functioning, indicating that the items performed the same in both languages. The SWiP scale has reliable and valid psychometric properties in English and Spanish and can be used to document the value of the pharmacist-patient relationship. It is easy to administer and is ready for further use and evaluation to determine and document outcomes of pharmaceutical care.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The impact of socio-cultural and clinical factors on health-related quality of life reports among Hispanic and African-American cancer patients.

A hierarchical multiple linear regression approach (N = 761) was used to identify pertinent factors which influence health-related quality of life (HRQL) reports among Hispanic and African-American cancer patients. The independent variables include: performance status, disease site, disease stage, mode of administration, socio-economic status (SES), gender, age, living arrangement, race/ethnicity, religious affiliation, insurance status, and spiritual beliefs. The outcome measures, five subscales of HRQL (physical well-being, social well-being, satisfaction with treatment, emotional well-being, functional well-being) and overall HRQL (sum of the five subscales), were estimated using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Scales. This study identified performance status and spiritual beliefs as consistent predictors of overall HRQL. This study also found no significant effects of SES, mode of administration, gender age, living arrangement and insurance status on the reporting of overall HRQL. Spiritual beliefs and performance status are important determinants of HRQL across a diverse group of cancer patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Spanish language translation and initial validation of the functional assessment of cancer therapy quality-of-life instrument.

OBJECTIVES: There is a need in the United States for culture-equivalent assessment of health-related quality of life, particularly among people who speak different languages and among those with low literacy skills. This report summarizes the adaptation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Scales for use with Spanish-speaking cancer patients, including those with low literacy. METHODS: The Spanish language version of the general Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scale plus five disease-specific subscales (breast, lung, colorectal, head and neck, HIV infection) were translated, reviewed, and revised, then evaluated in interviews with Spanish-speaking patients from the mainland United States and Puerto Rico. An iterative forward-backward-forward sequence of item translation, expert bilingual/bicultural advisor review, pretesting interviews with 92 patients, and further expert advisory input were used to establish semantic, content, and partial technical equivalence. RESULTS: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and five disease-specific subscales were translated successfully into wording that was easily understood and answered, leading to psychometric and scoring data similar to that of the English version. All but one of the 28 Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General items and all of the disease-specific items were seen as culturally relevant. The result is a document that underwent iterative forward-backward translation and evaluation and was pretested successfully with native Spanish-speaking oncology patients living in the Central United States and Puerto Rico. CONCLUSIONS: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and five disease-specific subscales have been translated successfully into Spanish using a thorough translation and initial validation methodology. The methods and data provide a model for preparing a health status questionnaire for cross-cultural validation. The questionnaire is available for use in clinical trials and clinical practice.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1997

Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast quality-of-life instrument.

PURPOSE: This is the first published report on the validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), a 44-item self-report instrument designed to measure multidimensional quality of life (QL) in patients with breast cancer. The FACT-B consists of the FACT-General (FACT-G) plus the Breast Cancer Subscale (BCS), which complements the general scale with items specific to QL in breast cancer. The FACT-B was developed with an emphasis on patients' values and brevity and is available in nine languages. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two validation samples were used for this report. The first (n = 47) was tested twice over a 2-month period to assess sensitivity to change. Significant sensitivity to change in performance status rating (PSR) was demonstrated for the FACT-B total score, the Physical Well-Being (PWB) subscale, the Functional Well-Being (FWB) subscale, and the BCS. Sensitivity to change in QL as measured by the Functional Living Index-Cancer (FLIC) was documented in the FACT-B total score, PWB, FWB, and Emotional Well-Being (EWB). Additional validity and reliability data were obtained from a larger sample (n = 295). The alpha coefficient (internal consistency) for the FACT-B total score was high (alpha = .90), with subscale alpha coefficients ranging from .63 to .86. Evidence supported test-retest reliability, as well as convergent, divergent, and known groups validity. CONCLUSION: The FACT-B is appropriate for use in oncology clinical trials, as well as in clinical practice. It demonstrates ease of administration, brevity, reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Phase II study of fludarabine phosphate for gastric adenocarcinoma. An Illinois Cancer Center trial.

In an Illinois Cancer Center phase II trial, fludarabine phosphate was administered to a total of 14 patients (9 men, 5 women) with advanced, measurable, gastric adenocarcinoma. Fludarabine phosphate was given as a rapid intravenous (IV) bolus at a starting dose of 20 mg/m2/d for the first 5 days of a 28-day cycle. For subsequent cycles, the dose was escalated in increments of 2 mg/m2/d, provided that no toxicities greater than grade 1 were noted. In cases of grade 3 toxicity, dose reductions of 2 mg/m2/d were required, and patients who experienced grade 4 toxicities were removed from study. Receiving one complete 5-day course of fludarabine phosphate and surviving for 4 weeks on study were required for a patient to be evaluable for response. None of the patients responded to treatment. Although fludarabine phosphate was ineffective against gastric adenocarcinoma in this study, toxicity was acceptable at the 20 mg/m2/d times 5 every 28 days dose and schedule.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Barrett esophagus.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Barrett Esophagus↗
PubMed1988

Breast cancer screening in an urban black population. A preliminary report.

Breast cancer is a major cause of death among black women. At Cook County Hospital in Chicago, a hospital serving a predominantly black population, only 31% of breast cancers were localized at the time of diagnosis in the years 1980-1983. A survey of patient records in the largest primary care clinic in the hospital revealed that only 2% of eligible patients had received mammograms in 1982. A nurse-run breast cancer detection program was begun in mid-1983. Since that time the proportion of women who have received periodic breast examinations has increased from 26% to 46% (P less than 0.001) and periodic mammograms have increased from 2% to 41% (P less than 0.001). The proportion of women having received breast self-examination teaching increased from 10% to 58% (P less than 0.001). The proportion of localized breast cancer was significantly greater for those women whose cancer was diagnosed through the screening program (44 of 72, 61%) compared to other clinical areas (71 of 213, 33%) in the years 1984 through 1986 (P less than 0.001). There has been a significant increase in the percentage of localized breast cancer at Cook County Hospital comparing 1980-1983 statistics (31%), before the Breast Cancer Detection Program was fully established, with 1984-1986 statistics (40%) (P less than 0.02).

Black or African American↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An analysis of the impact of demographic, clinical, and social factors on health-related quality of life.

This study investigated the impact of demographic, social, and clinical factors on cancer patients' self-ratings of health-related quality of life (HRQL). The sample consisted of 1342 ethnically diverse individuals in treatment at four member institutions of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Multivariable regression analyses were employed to determine the relationship between demographic variables (age, gender, race/ethnicity, socio-economic status (SES), living arrangement), clinical factors (performance status rating (PSR), disease type, disease stage), and social characteristics (spiritual beliefs, religious affiliation, relationship with physician) and five outcome measures of HRQL. The dependent variables, four dimensions of HRQL and overall HRQL, were measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) Quality of Life Measurement System. The results indicated that the full set of predictor variables accounted for 45% of the variance in patients' reporting of overall HRQL, 25% of the variance in physical well-being, 27% of the variance in social well-being, 30% of the variance in emotional well-being, and 41% of the variance in the area of functional well-being. The findings suggest that there are multiple factors that influence an individual's assessment of their HRQL and that these factors need to be considered in the management and treatment of culturally diverse cancer patients.

Journal Article↗