[Discovery of IgG subclass deficiency in a case of meningococcal purpura fulminans].
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
G Simon
Publications and source records attributed to G Simon.
Subpressor angiotensin II is a bifunctional growth factor of vascular muscle in rats.
OBJECTIVE: The proposition that angiotensin II in subpressor does stimulates vascular growth in vivo was tested. DESIGN: Young adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats received angiotensin II, 200 ng/kg per min intraperitoneally by osmotic minipump, for 24 h or 7-10 days. Sham-infused rats served as controls. METHODS: Protein (35S-methionine) synthesis in aortic media, portal vein, bladder wall and diaphragm; proteoglycan (35S-sulfate) synthesis in aorta and bladder and synthesis of DNA (3H-thymidine) in aortic media were all measured ex vivo in the rat. RESULTS: The systolic blood pressure of angiotensin II-treated rats was unchanged at 24 h and increased at 7-10 days. At 24 h in angiotensin II-treated rats the protein synthesis in aortic media, portal vein and bladder wall but not in the diaphragm was increased, indicating that the hypertrophic effect of angiotensin II was independent of the arterial pressure. The rate of 35S-methionine washout from angiotensin II- and sham-treated aorta was the same. At 24 h there was also an increase in proteoglycans synthesis of the aorta and bladder wall of angiotensin II-treated rats. In contrast to protein synthesis, the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into aortic muscle DNA was reduced in angiotensin II-treated rats at 24 h, suggesting the inhibition of DNA synthesis. At 7-10 days angiotensin II administration the protein synthesis of aortic media returned to baseline, and DNA synthesis was bimodal: in 53% of rats (n = 10) inhibition continued, and in 26% (n = 5) it was increased by two- to threefold. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings confirm in vivo the bifunctionality of the trophic vascular action of angiotensin II. Vascular hypertrophy may play a role in the slow pressor action of angiotensin II.
Angiotensin II↗
Stimulation of vascular Na-K pump with subpressor angiotensin II in rats.
The effect of subpressor doses of angiotensin II (ANG II) on vascular Na-K pump activity and Na-H exchange, two transmembrane signals of trophic stimulation of vascular muscle, was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (350-400 g) were given subpressor doses of ANG II by osmotic minipump intraperitoneally for 24 hr or 7-10 days. Control rats received sham procedure/vehicle infusion. Na-K pump activity (86Rb uptake), total and intracellular (Li exchange at 4 degrees C) Na content, and amiloride-sensitive and -insensitive Na uptake of aortas were measured ex vivo. Ouabain-sensitive 86Rb uptake of aortas of rats receiving 80-100, 160-180, and 240-260 ng/kg.min-1 of ANG II for 24 hr was 26.6 +/- 3.5, 28.8 +/- 3.4, and 29.1 +/- 2.6 nmol/mg dry wt.15 min-1 (mean +/- SD, n = 7-12), respectively, compared with 25.2 +/- 3.8 in controls (n = 23, P less than 0.01). These increases were maintained at 7-10 days. After 24 hr and 7-10 days of ANG II treatment, the total Na content of aortas was increased by 9.2% (P less than 0.01) and 7.6% (P less than 0.02), respectively, without a change in intracellular Na content, indicating accumulation of excess extracellular Na. Total and amiloride-sensitive Na uptake of the aorta was unchanged after 24 hr or 7-10 days of ANG II administration. The dry weight of anatomically defined segments of the aorta was 40 +/- 3.8 mg/kg body wt (n = 25) after 24 hr and 42 +/- 4.4 (n = 20) after 7-10 days of ANG II administration, compared with 37 +/- 4.8 (n = 15, P less than 0.05) and 37 +/- 4.9 (n = 17, P less than 0.01) in appropriate controls. Increased Na-K pump activity may signal the onset of trophic stimulation of vascular muscle by ANG II.
Angiotensin II↗
[Iliac artery-ureteral fistula after aorto-iliac reconstructive surgery (apropos of 3 cases)].
The authors report 3 cases of ilio-ureteric fistulae following aorto-iliac reconstructive surgery. They also review 6 similar cases published in the worldwide literature. All of these cases have in common the appearance of a uretero-arterial fistula several years after the vascular operation on the iliac artery. The postoperative course of iliac thromboendarterectomy appears to be principally responsible, as in the 3 cases presented here, resulting in a pseudoaneurysm over the arteriotomy closure, especially as a patch angioplasty had been performed. This complication is exceptional. The diagnosis must be suspected in the case of profuse haematuria and a suggestive history and should be confirmed, when possible, by intravenous urography, retrograde ureteropyelography, arteriography, or even computed tomography. Treatment is complex and consists of a vascular and urological procedure depending on the degree of urgency and the possibilities of reconstruction.
Aged↗
Cross reactivity among the ligands of the 7 helix family.
"Specific" drugs for receptors of the 7 helix family inhibited in high doses other receptors of the same family, as well. Atropine inhibited [3-H]-clonidine binding, beta-adrenergic drugs: propranolol, betoxalol, ICI 118.551 inhibited labelled QNB binding to all the 3 main subtypes of muscarinic receptors. Authors propose the existence of common features in the ligand binding sites of the receptors of 7 helix family.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
Improved detection of homology in distantly related proteins: similarity of adducin with actin-binding proteins.
A novel and generally applicable method is described for the detection of homology in distantly related proteins using a new domain sequence database that contains over 20,000 protein sequence segments of known function. The use of the method is illustrated on distantly related domains shared by complement components C1S and C1R, calcium-dependent serine proteinase and bone morphogenetic protein 1. New homologies are shown between human adducin and the actin-binding domains of alfa-actinin and dystrophin.
Actinin↗
Quality of life improvements in CAPD patients treated with subcutaneously administered erythropoietin for anemia.
Twenty-two continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, mean age 48 years, at 3 U.K. renal units were assessed with the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) before and after treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO). Mean (SD) hemoglobin (Hb) at baseline was 7.5 (1.0) gm/dL and 10.8 (1.5) gm/dL at retest. There were significant improvements in energy (p less than 0.0001), social life (p less than 0.005), relationships at home (p less than 0.05) and leisure pursuits (p less than 0.05). Twelve patients, mean age 51 years, who had already completed more than 9 months on r-HuEPO treatment were reassessed to determine the changes sustained. Mean (SD) Hb at second retest was 12.8 (1.3) gm/dL. Improvement in energy continued to be significant, and emotional wellbeing showed further improvement. Problems with household tasks, which had not shown significant improvement at Test B, were now considerably reduced (p = 0.016). The study showed far-reaching benefits similar to those reported in hemodialysis patients, in a population with a higher mean age and higher potential coexisting illness or disability than most reported hemodialysis studies.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Biotechnology regulation.
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Biotechnology↗
Gel injection adjustable keratoplasty.
Gel injection adjustable keratoplasty (GIAK) is a new refractive surgical procedure designed for the correction of myopia by injection of a gel substance into the peripheral corneal stroma. This paper describes the GIAK technique and reports the results obtained in 21 fresh cadaveric eyes using the procedure. After a deep interlamellar canal has been dissected with a helicoid spatula surrounding the visual axis, the gel is injected under keratometric control. In the 1st group of 14 eyes, the degree of correction varied from 2.2 to 12.8 D; there was a direct relationship between the amount of gel injected and the keratometric change. In the 2nd group of 7 eyes, the adjustability of the procedure was demonstrated. Through partial extraction of the gel and subsequent modification of the corneal curvature, the previously induced keratometric changes could be reversed or altered to a specific extent. Following the initial injection of gel to a targeted flattest meridian power of 35 D, an average value of 35.8 +/- 0.5 D was achieved in these eyes. We subsequently attempted to increase the flattest meridian to 40 D by partial removal of the gel and achieved a mean value of 40.2 +/- 0.4 D. Average presurgical astigmatism of 1.497 +/- 0.737 D was reduced to a postsurgical reading of 0.941 +/- 0.590 D (P = 0.005, Student's paired t-test), indicating an autocorrection by autodistribution of the gel inside the canaliculus (Laplace's law). GIAK is a simple, inexpensive procedure designed for the correction of myopia that has the added advantage of reducing preexisting astigmatism without encroaching on the visual axis.
Astigmatism↗
Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia in a child.
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Bone Marrow↗
[Evaluation and objective assessment of the treatment course of burn injured children].
Between 1984 and 1989 70 out of 76 children, who underwent a primary inpatient treatment for thermal injury, had predominant second degree burns affecting 3 to 25% of body surface. Data of them, concerning epidemiology, first aid, run of inpatient and following outpatient therapy, were documented and summarised. All patients were physical examined and we judged functional and cosmetic results at least half a year after the injury. A uniform score allowed us a comparison of two different concepts of local therapy: closed treatment with impregnated gauze dressings vs. application of ointment (Flammacerium). Kind of documentation and score are proved to be of advantage in estimating run and results of treatment.
Adolescent↗
[Intra-partum ethamsylate (dicynone) administration in the prevention of cerebral hemorrhage in premature infants].
Dicynone has been in use in all premature births prophylactically since 1987 by the authors. The administration of the drug begins before or during delivery. The diagnoses of cerebral haemorrhage was established on autopsy and the cases were compared with the previous years when Dicynone was not administered. During prophylactic use of Dicynone the cerebral haemorrhages significantly reduced among premature babies. It is well known, that the etiology of the cerebral haemorrhages are multifactorial. Their favourable experiences confirm the literary communications, whereas use of Dicynone can be one of the efficacious preventive drug against palsy of the premature babies.
Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
[The incidence of iron deficiency in Hungary among children aged 4-6 years].
The authors found, that the incidence of hypochromic, microcytic anaemia was 4 percent, and more than half of the children were suffered from iron deficiency. The causes are the inadequate daily iron uptake and/or increase iron requirement. It is very important to increase the iron content of the food and/or the prophylactic or therapeutic iron treatment.
Anemia, Hypochromic↗
Alpha adrenergic drugs inhibit [3H]-QNB binding to muscarinic receptors of rat heart, brain and parotid gland membranes.
Alpha adrenergic agonists and antagonists as clonidine, guanfacine, yohimbine, phenylephrine and prazosin inhibited the [3H]-QNB binding to rat brain cortex muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR, M-1 subtype), heart (M-2 subtype) and parotid gland homogenate (M-3 subtype) in a dose-dependent competitive fashion. Ki values were between 10(-6) and 10(-3) M. Hill coefficients were about 1. No correlation was found between mAChR inhibiting capacity of these drugs and their activity on alpha adrenergic receptors. In contrast, other transmitters, as dopamine, GABA, glutamic acid, histamine, serotonin, isoproterenol and platelet activating factor (PAF) did not affect the QNB binding.
Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
Increased vascular wall sodium in hypertension: where is it, how does it get there and what does it do there?
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Animals↗
Sensitive solid-phase immune electron microscopy double-antibody technique with gold-immunoglobulin G complexes for detecting rotavirus in cell culture and feces.
A new solid-phase immune electron microscopy double-antibody colloidal-gold technique (SPIEMDAGT) was developed and compared with direct electron microscopy, direct immune electron microscopy, and enzyme immunoassay for detecting rotavirus. Guinea pig and rabbit antirotavirus antisera were used as capture and detector antibodies, respectively, and goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G-gold complexes were employed as a label. Animal rotavirus in cell culture media and human virus in stool specimens were detected by this method. On average, SPIEMDAGT detected 800 times more virus particles than direct electron microscopy and 45 times more particles than direct immune electron microscopy and yielded 20% more positives than enzyme immunoassay. SPIEMDAGT could detect not only viral antigen associated with morphologically recognizable particles but also antigen present when whole virus particles were not visible.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Expression of interleukin 2 receptors by monocytes from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and induction of monocyte interleukin 2 receptors by human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
A population of circulating mononuclear cells from patients with AIDS was identified which expressed interleukin 2 receptors (IL-2R). By dual-fluorescence flow microfluorometry, the patients' IL-2R+ cells were further identified as Leu M3+ monocytes (29.4 +/- 5.2% of the Leu M3+ cells were IL-2R+, n = 15), whereas Leu M3+ monocytes from normal subjects were IL-2R negative (2.0 +/- 0.42%; P less than 0.001). By Northern analysis, monocytes from AIDS patients, but not control subjects, constitutively expressed steady-state levels of IL-2R mRNA. Functionally, the IL-2R+ monocytes were capable of depleting IL-2 from culture supernatants, suggesting a mechanism for the reduced IL-2 levels commonly seen in AIDS patients. IL-2R+ monocytes also expressed increased levels of surface HLA-DR which may favor monocyte T-cell interactions and the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In additional studies, normal monocytes were infected with a macrophage-tropic HIV isolate in vitro and monitored for IL-2R and HLA-DR expression. Within 24-48 h after exposure to HIV in vitro, but before evidence of productive infection, greater than 25% of the monocytes became IL-2R+ with increasing numbers of IL-2R+ cells and HLA-DR levels through day 6. These early signaling effects of HIV could be mimicked by adding purified HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 to the monocytes. This stimulation of monocytes before or independent of productive infection of the cells by HIV is consistent with in vivo observations of activated and/or abnormal functions by monocytes that do not appear to be infected with HIV in AIDS patients.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Lymphoma-mimicking peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
Cloudy dialysate in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) most commonly reflects an increased number of leukocytes secondary to bacterial peritonitis. In the absence of infection, increased quantities of eosinophils, red blood cells, fibrin, or chyle may produce cloudy dialysate in these patients. We report the case of a CAPD patient presenting with cloudy dialysate and symptoms suggestive of bacterial peritonitis. Analysis of the dialysate revealed no microorganisms. The turbidity of the dialysate was related to an increased number of atypical lymphocytes consistent with a B cell lymphoma. Peritoneal dialysis continued uneventfully despite neoplastic disease within the peritoneum. It is recommended that malignant involvement of the peritoneum be added to the differential diagnosis of cloudy dialysate occurring in CAPD patients.
Aged↗