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Biomedical subjects

G Skibiński

Publications and source records attributed to G Skibiński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

The use of tissue slices in immunological investigations.

Our knowledge of cellular and molecular events taking place during various immune responses comes mainly from in vitro studies where isolated cells are exposed to defined stimuli. This reductionist approach has greatly advanced our understanding of the immune system. However, these studies do not truly reflect the complexity of the integrative events which take place in both primary and secondary lymphoid tissue in vivo. In order to address this problem we have developed a tissue culture procedure which involves the cultivating of precision cut human spleen slices at gas/liquid interface. We have shown, that cells in this culture system show marked differences in cytokine and immunoglobulin production in comparison with conventional single cell suspension cultures, obtained from the same spleen and run in parallel. In this review article we describe the basic technique, results which we have obtained in this system and discuss the possible basis of the observed differences.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Further studies on the specificity of anti-human B cell monoclonal antibodies (BR3, BR31)--reactivity with hematopoietic malignant cells.

We present results concerning the reactivity of two moAbs (BR3, BR31) with human B cell lines and malignant B cells from patients. The first antibody BR3 shows a broad reactivity with B cell malignancies and B cell lines. It also weakly stains some non-T ALL cells and is negative on plasma cell tumors. The second moAb BR31 shows a restricted reactivity. It stains only HCL and PLL cells as well as Burkitt's lymphoma lines. Some moderate staining was also observed on 4 out of 12 cases of CLL and some non-Hodgkin lymphomas. PLL cells, cultured with polyclonal activators, lose BR31 Ag by day 4 of culture. These results suggest that BR3 Ag is present on the cell surface throughout B cell ontogeny while BR31 Ag expression is related to a particular stage of B cell maturation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Reactivation of antibody genes in Epstein-Barr virus transformed human B cell lines. A preliminary report.

Three immortalised human B cell lines, which had either last their capacity to secrete specific antibody or secreted low levels of antibody were studied in an attempt to reactivate or enhance antibody synthesis. A variety of different stimuli known to cause activation, proliferation and differentiation of normal B cells were used including polyclonal activators and recombinant interferon. Four of them, (namely LPS, anti-IgM, IL2 and IL6) effectively increased specific antibody synthesis after three days of culture. These preliminary experiments show that the loss or decline in immunoglobulin production by immortalised human B cells is, at least in some cases, reversible.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1989

Antigen detected on normal human B lymphocytes by BR31 monoclonal antibody--the nature of the antigen and its functional properties.

Monoclonal BR31 antibody reacts with a subpopulation of B lymphocytes from normal human blood and tissue. The paper shows that the antigen recognized by BR31 is a protein or at least depends on protein synthesis for its expression. BR31 mAb does not cause spontaneous proliferation of B cells. However, it greatly enhances proliferation of normal tonsil B cells in response to SAC and PMA. No costimulation was observed when the cells were cultured in the presence of BR31 mAb and anti-Ig or BCGF. It was also found that there is a subpopulation of B cells which is able to proliferate with SAC or PMA only in the presence of BR31 mAb.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Generation and preliminary characterization of three mouse monoclonal antibodies reacting with human B lymphocytes.

The paper describes generation and characterization of three monoclonal antibodies (BR3, BR16, BR31) specific for human B lymphocytes. BR3 and BR31 stain highly purified population of B lymphocytes but fail to react with granulocytes, monocytes and E+ lymphocytes. BR16 in addition to B cells also stains 10% peripheral T cells and 70% granulocytes. BR3 staining pattern closely correlates that obtained with antihuman Ig both in peripheral blood and in lymphoid tissues. BR31 recognizes a subpopulation of B lymphocytes (about 50%).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mouse T-T hybridomas expressing receptors for syngeneic erythrocytes.

The report describes generation of mouse T-T hybridomas expressing receptors for murine erythrocytes. The obtained cell lines form 30-85% rosettes with mouse red cells without any preference for H-2 compatible erythrocytes. They do not bind xenogeneic erythrocytes. The role of Thy 1 antigen in constitution of receptors for erythrocytes was excluded since anti-Thy 1 monoclonal antibodies had no influence on rosetting activity. Rosette formation is inhibited by certain sugars showing the same pattern of inhibition as in the case of autologous rosette formation by CBA mouse thymocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

An intrinsic suppressor cell-controlling formation of autologous rosettes in peripheral mouse lymphocytes.

The existence of intrinsic suppressor cell-controlling autologous rosette formation in mouse peripheral blood lymphocytes was demonstrated. This cell is glass adherent, Thy 1,2 positive, and loses its activity after treatment with monoclonal anti-Lyt 2 antibodies plus complement. Suppression of the autologous rosette formation also involves a factor released by these cells directed against autologous erythrocytes. The suppressive phenomenon is strain specific.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Specificity of anti-T cell antibodies from BCG infected mice.

BCG infected mice were found to produce anti-T cell cytotoxic autoantibodies (CAA)6. Absorption studies with intact or desialyzed thymocytes and splenic T cells showed that CAA consisted of two kinds of antibody with different target cell specificities, one (CAA-2) able to recognize determinants on desialyzed T cells, and another (CAA-1) able to bind to both intact and desialyzed thymocytes. Normal thymocytes did not remove the antibodies specific to desialyzed lymphocytes. These two antibodies were separated by affinity chromatography on agarose. Cytotoxicity inhibition, using various sugars as inhibitors, indicated that lactose and lactosamine were potent inhibitors of CAA-2. In contrast CAA-1 was not inhibited by any of the sugars tested. Functional experiments revealed that CAA-2 inhibited the secondary anti-SRBC IgG antibody response without effecting the IgM response. The anti-SRBC antibody production (both IgM and IgG) was not affected by CAA-1. The possible interference of these antibodies with carbohydrate specific cell interactions are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

IgM of mice infected with Mycobacterium bovis interacts selectively with T cells.

In the course of experimental BCG infection in mice, cytotoxic autoantibodies (CAA) of IgM class reacting with thymocytes and T lymphocytes were found. CAA were not cytotoxic for bone marrow cells and B lymphocytes. CAA reacts with PNA+, glass wool-adherent, hydrocortisone-sensitive thymocytes. The reaction of thymocytes with CAA and complement, prevented suppressor cell induction from such treated cells. The importance of CAA in mycobacterial infection is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Mouse erythrocyte membrane sialoglycoproteins and their involvement in the interaction with mouse rosette forming human lymphocytes.

Sialoglycoproteins were isolated from Balb/c mouse erythrocyte membranes. The crude preparation showed four PAS-positive zones in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The lowest molecular weight component was separated on the Ultrogel AcA44 column in the presence of SDS. The carbohydrate composition of the fractions obtained indicated that the sialoglycoproteins contained O-glycosidic oligosaccharide chains and and that the lowest molecular weight glycoprotein also contained N-glycosidic chain(s). The sialoglycoproteins strongly and specifically inhibited the rosette formation between mouse erythrocytes and human B lymphocytes. It suggested that sialoglycoproteins were the mouse red cell components involved in the interaction with human lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunological properties of 3-morpholine-2-hydroxypropyl ether of dextran (H-2).

The immunobiological investigations of H-2 preparation--a modified derivative of DEAE dextran--revealed that the preparation has a wide immunotropic spectrum with the predominance of the stimulatory effect. It stimulates the I and II humoral immunological responses to SRBC. It stimulates the induction and effector processes of the cellular type reactions. Under the in vivo and in vitro conditions it causes mouse precursor T cells to gain the theta antigen. On the other hand, H-2 preparation suppresses the development of GvH reaction induced either by the administration of cells coming from the donor treated with the preparation (in vivo), or by the incubation of the donor's cells with the compound under examination. H-2 preparation is non-toxic, and does not exhibit any antiviral or interferogenic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunobiological properties of the complex of bivalent copper with 3-mercapto-2-hydroxypropyl ether of dextran (C-79).

The immunological investigations were carried out on mice with the aim to determine the immunotropic properties of the complex of bivalent copper with 3-mercapto-2-hydroxypropyl ether of dextran (C-79), a derivative of previously described 3-morpholine-2-hydroxypropyl ether of dextran (H-2). In the examinations of the copper complex also the H-2 preparation was applied, and for comparative purposes--levamisol, a popular stimulator of immunological responses. It was stated that C-79 similarly to H-2 and levamisol, stimulated the humoral and cellular anti-SRBC immunological responses. Moreover, it increased the number of cells producing anti-H-B antibodies, stimulated the appearance of thy-1,2 antigen on the precursor T cells and inhibited the in vivo and in vitro GvH reactions. H-2 and C-79 preparations intensified the effect of the inductor of the Poli I:C.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

T lymphocytes modifying factors in sera of patients with Myasthenia gravis.

The examination of patients with Myasthenia gravis revealed that before thymectomy the number of T and B cells in the peripheral blood did not deviate from the norm. It was also observed that their sera contained factor stimulating T lymphocytes to the spontaneous rosette formation, theta antigen generation in xynogeneic system and hydrocortisone-resistant thymocytes. No factor inhibiting the spontaneous rosette formation by T lymphocytes or causing the transmission from Thy-1.2+ cells to Thy-1.2-cells was detected in these sera. Thymectomy resulted in the immediate fall of T lymphocytes number in the peripheral blood of the patients examined. Besides, serum of most patients almost totally lost the stimulating factor. The fall of T cells number did not involve the appearance of the inhibitory factor in the patients' serum. Different than in others results gave blood and serum analysis in the patient tymectomized 10 years earlier. Her blood contained the normal number of T and B lymphocytes and the stimulatory factor of a "limited" activity. It displayed only the ability of generating hydrocortisone-resistant cells, it appeared nonactive in generating theta antigen or restoring the ability of rosette formation by T cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Regulatory factors in human serum: effect on murine T cells.

Effect of lymphocyte E rosette stimulatory and inhibitory factors from human serum on murine T cells was studied. It was shown that the stimulatory factor (a polypeptide, temperature sensitive, with a molecular weight about 20,000, isolated from healthy individuals) interacted, in vitro, with murine spleen T cell precursors and generated formation of Thy-1,2+ cells. The cells generated were also active in GvH reaction. The stimulatory factor induced, in vitro, formation of cortisone-resistant thymocytes. Unfractionated pool of spleen cells treated with the inhibitory factor (a beta-lipoprotein isolated from sera of humans with active pulmonary tuberculosis) showed lower number of Thy-1,2+ cells, and lower activity in GvH reaction. However, when the spleen cells were subsequently treated with the stimulatory factor, the initial number of Thy-1,2+ cells was restored. It was confirmed that the factors did not interact with the target cells in the presence of prostaglandin inhibitors.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1980

The follow-up study of skin reactivity to recall antigens and E- and EAC-RFC profiles in blood in asbestos workers.

We have determined cutaneous DTH reactions to SK-SD and PPD and peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles in a group of asbestos workers in two consecutive surveys. It was found that asbestosis and, to a lesser extent, the presence of ANA are significantly correlated with the lack of response to the above antigens. 83% of asbestos workers when tested at a 4 year interval fell into the same two categories of responsiveness (lack of response or response at least to one antigen). The asbestosis cases had lower total lymphocyte count as well as proportions and absolute number of E-RFC as compared to asbestos workers without asbestosis and/or ANA. Furthermore, the latter group showed the lower percentages and absolute number of E-RFC than the matched controls. The presence of ANA is also correlated with lower proportions of E-RFC. However, this is related at least in part to asbestosis.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1980

Preclinical pharmacologic investigations on a new group of acridine derivatives with oncostatic activity. I. Acute and subchronic action.

The influence of l-nitro-9-/2-dihydroxyethylamino-ethylamino-/-acridine (C-835) and l-nitro-9/3-izopropylaminopropylamino/-acridine (C-846) on the basic functions of animal organism in acute and subchronic experiments was studied. Both compounds displayed distinct all-biologic activity. Their toxicity (LD50) in mice was contained in milligramme interval (i.v.), while LD50 administered into the stomach was several dozen times higher. Even administration in protective phosphate buffer, which provides the most neutral pH, produced quite strong local irritant action. The range between LD50 and LD10 was relatively small, which proved relatively small tolerance factor. Both preparations injected intravenously in the doses starting from several mg/kg had hypotensic influence due to their affinity with the myocardium, the parasymphatetic system and the vascular system. The preparations acted spasmolytically on intestine muscles both in vivo and in vitro in a number of animal species. Central action showed clear stimulating component in a behavioric test. The effect of the compounds in interaction to hypnotic and convulsant drugs was equivocal and dependent on the dose and the reference-preparation. The examined compounds did not influence reproduction processes and did not display the teratogenic action. They impaired only the speed of growth of the newborns. The effect of both examined compounds was qualitatively and quantitatively similar.

Aminacrine↗
PubMed1980

Preclinical pharmacologic investigations on a new group of acridine derivatives with oncostatic activity. II. Chronic action.

Influence of 1-nitro-9-(2-dihydroxyethylaminoethylamino)-acridines (C-835) and 1-nitro-9-(3-isopropylamino-propylamino)-acridines (C-846) on animal organs and their basic functions was studied in the chronic action. Rabbits responded to the drugs with considerable tolerance which was less manifested in rats. Slight toxic effect was observed only after maximal doses with which the animals survived 3-month exposure. Enzyme studies and creatinine clearance test did not show any clear-cut impairment of hepatic and renal function. Neither did the preparations influence the red and white blood system, nor the blood clotting time. Microscopic examinations showed their slight (initially) morphologic changes which later passed into degenerative changes (liver, kidney, myocardium) as well as typical of oncostatics, changes in intestinal villi, nuclei and lymphatic system. Also desquamation of intestinal epithelium, hypertrophy of their lamina propria, impairment of spermato- and spermiogenesis as well as atrophy of lymphatic germinal centers and decreased number of small lymphocytes in lymph nodes and spleen were noted. Deviation between the results of function and morphologic tests were discussed. Microscopic changes observed after treatment of the tested acridine derivatives were considered too small to damage the particular organs function.

Aminacrine↗