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Biomedical subjects

G Soh

Publications and source records attributed to G Soh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Capitation dentistry: incentives and implications.

Capitation is an incentive-based form of payment for dental care. Unlike fee-for-service benefit plans, the nature of reimbursement in capitation plans provide dentists with the necessary incentives to perform appropriate and necessary level of care, seek less costly but effective alternatives, and place an emphasis on prevention. This paper examined how some of these incentives work and their effects on the practice of dentistry.

Capitation Fee↗
PubMed1989

The effect on marginal leakage when using two dentine adhesives in combination.

This study was undertaken to test the effectiveness of using two dentine adhesives in combination. One of the dentine adhesives used adhered to the calcium in the dentine while the other dentine adhesive adhered to the organic portion of the dentine. It was hoped by using them in combination that their actions would complement each other producing composite restorations with gap free margins. Results showed an increase in the number of gap free restorations but the marginal contraction gaps were not entirely eliminated.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of dental care delivery to institutionalised aged in Singapore.

Evaluating dental care of institutionalised aged presents numerous problems largely associated with communication and cooperation. This study used administrators' assessment to evaluate cost, accessibility, availability, quality, and efficiency of existing arrangements for dental care. In-house dental care had been rated favourably in all aspects although administrators were less satisfied with it. Generally, public dental facilities received 'favourable' ratings for cost, accessibility, and availability, and self-arranged care the least 'favourable'. Administrators encountered the greatest amount of difficulty when assessing quality and efficiency. Administrators' assessment seemed to be consistent with, and reflective of, the strengths and weaknesses of the various arrangements for dental care.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1989

The prevalence of unilateral mastication in a non-patient population: a pilot study.

One hundred and twenty-seven dental undergraduates participated in a questionnaire survey containing questions relating to their experience with craniofacial pain, jaw function, oral habits and other predisposing factors. The prevalence of chronic habitual unilateral chewers (10%) in the above selected non-patient population was significantly lower than that reported in the patients suffering from craniomandibular disorders (CMD). Lateral masticatory preference was also shown to be significantly associated with symptoms such as "noises from the joints", "difficulty in opening the mouth wide", "an uncomfortable bite", "neckpains", "soreness in the teeth", "painful cheek muscles", "pain in the temples" and/or "tension in the muscles of the face and jaws". The interrelationship between unilateral mastication and CMD is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The development of a composite restorative system.

Composite resin restorative materials have been used in dental practice for over 25 years. The original composite resins were subjected to discolouration and marginal breakdown. These problems have largely been overcome with the exception of marginal gaps at the dentine-restoration interface. The introduction of dentine adhesives has reduced but not eliminate this problem. This study shows how the marginal gaps at the dentine-restoration interface were significantly reduced firstly by the introduction of an intermediate resin and then further by using a dentine adhesive.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1988

Glutaraldehyde-methacrylate dentine adhesive: the relationship between cavity site and marginal contraction gaps.

Previous studies have shown that dentine adhesives reduce or eliminate contraction gaps in composite restorations. This study examined the relationship between cavity site and contraction gaps when two dentine adhesives were used in combination with two composites. One hundred and fifty-two cavities, each measuring 2.0 mm diameter and 1.5 mm depth, were prepared on side surfaces of extracted teeth, with each surface classified into three levels: upper, middle and lower. The dentine adhesives and composites were randomly assigned to the cavities. Four pre-determined, diametrical measurements of contraction gaps were made for each restored cavity using a Nikon Measurescope. Measurements yielded overall mean contraction gaps of 0.229, 0.262, and 0.260 for upper, middle and lower levels on the crown; the differences between means were not statistically significant. Type of dentine adhesives and composites influenced the size of contraction gaps rather than cavity site.

Composite Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ranking of facial profiles among Asians.

The purpose of this study was to determine the facial profile preferences in a sample of 1,189 Asian teenagers (aged 15.3 +/- 3.2 years). Five facial profile types were computer-generated by trained personnel (orthodontists and oral maxillofacial surgeons) to represent distinct facial types. Subjects were asked to rank the profiles in descending order of attractiveness. The ranking was as follows: orthognathic profile, bimaxillary retrusive profile, bimaxillary protrusive profile, mandibular retrognathic profile, and mandibular prognathic profile. The differences in rank scores between all the profile types were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Assessment of profile types among lay personnel could provide clinicians an indication into the relative attractiveness among profile types and health care workers in treatment prioritization among dysmorphic facial types.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental service utilization of disabled children.

This study examines factors influencing the use of dental services by disabled children. A total of 322 disabled children, aged 6 to 18 years, attending nine special schools were randomly selected for a clinical examination. Their parents or guardians were interviewed to determine the child's pattern of dental service use, parental perception of the child's dental needs, and special problems encountered with seeking care. It was found that 68.3% of the children had never visited a dentist within the previous year. The most common reason given for no care was an assumption that "nothing was wrong." The results indicated a low rate of dental service use among the disabled children. A lack of parental dental awareness appeared to be a major contributory factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variability of two methods of measuring absorbed dose in dental radiography.

Thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) has been widely used in the monitoring of radiation exposure in healthcare workers operating radiation devices. This study compared the reliability of TLD to an electronic dosimeter. The absorbed dose registered by the TLD chips was found to be higher than that by the electronic dosimeter. Variability was found to be significantly higher and the variance component attributed to the variability of the method of measurement was more than twice as much in TLD when compared to the electronic dosimeter. It is concluded that TLD is a more variable method of measuring absorbed dose than the electronic dosimeter.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of explanation of treatment procedures on dental fear.

Dental fear has been described as anticipation anxiety. This study examined the effectiveness of providing pertinent details of treatment procedures to reduce the level of dental fear for dental checkups, prophylaxis, restoration and extraction in 306 fearful patients. Measurements of pre-treatment and post-treatment levels of fear showed a significant reduction in dental fear in all four procedures. Results showed that a better understanding of treatment processes reduced levels of dental fear in fearful patients.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Porosities in five automixed addition silicone elastomers.

Five automixed and one hand-mixed addition silicones were evaluated by counting the number of voids produced in impressions made. It was concluded that although automixing produced fewer voids than hand-mixing, certain automixed materials were better than others.

Dental Impression Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Loss of alloy in the fabrication of metal ceramic crowns.

While gold alloys are well accepted for metal ceramic restorations, the increasing cost of gold has limited their use. This study investigated the loss of a noble alloy during the fabrication of metal ceramic crowns. Weight losses resulting from (1) the casting process and cleaning of the casting, (2) sprue removal, (3) seating of the casting onto the die, and (4) preparation for porcelain addition were investigated using 323 crowns. The percentage weight losses were 8.92%, 17.59%, 34.03%, and 39.46%, respectively. Weight losses were generally higher for maxillary restorations, but metal ceramic restorations on anterior teeth registered significantly higher losses than those for premolars and molars.

Crowns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of dentin age on effectiveness of dentin bonding agents.

The purpose of this research effort was to investigate the effect of age changes in dentin on the effectiveness of two dentin adhesives in minimizing microleakage at the tooth-restoration interface. Cavities were prepared in permanent teeth extracted from patients below 20 years or over 55 years of age. Wedge-shaped cervical preparations were made with the gingival cavosurface margin on dentin. Treatment groups were randomly restored with one of two composite restorative materials, together with the appropriate dentin adhesives. The control group specimens were restored with the respective composite restorative materials without the adhesives. All specimens were thermocycled, then placed in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution for 24 hours and subsequently sectioned longitudinally. Microleakage at the tooth-restoration interface was assessed by dye penetration. The results showed that the use of adhesives significantly reduced microleakage along the tooth-restoration interface. The adhesive formulated with glycidyl methacrylate was significantly more effective in reducing microleakage in dentin of the over-55 age group.

Adhesives↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term dissolution of mercury from a non-mercury-releasing amalgam.

The hazards of mercury from dental amalgams have long been recognized. This study examined the mercury release from a "non-mercury-releasing" dental amalgam, Composil, over a 104-week period. Four cylindrical specimens were incubated in 10 ml of purified water at 37 degrees C. The incubate was changed at the end of each 24-hour period and assayed for its mercury content at biweekly intervals. Mercury estimation was carried out using cold-vapor, atomic absorption spectrophotometry over a 104-week period. Results showed that the overall mean release of mercury was 43.5 +/- 3.2 micrograms/cm2/24 hr, and the amount of mercury released remained fairly constant during the duration of the experiment. This study showed that Composil releases mercury in quantities that far exceed those detected in other amalgam systems.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of an optimal magnification for examining voids in elastomeric impressions.

Specimens of one polyether impression material and the resulting stone casts were examined at magnifications from 1X to 10X to determine the optimal magnification for identifying defects. Results showed that the number of defects on impressions and stone dies detected by two operators increased with each corresponding increase in magnification up to magnifications of 9X and 8X, respectively. The magnifications that revealed significantly less defects than the highest mean count were 6X for impression voids and 5X for stone die defects. A magnification of 9X optimized reliability by maximizing void detection while minimizing operator variability.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of interchanging two composite resin system with a dentine adhesive.

There is a tendency to interchange dentine adhesives and composite resins when using composite resins for restorations. This study used marginal contraction gaps to test the effect of changing composite resins with a dentine adhesive. Cylindrical butt-joint cavities were prepared entirely in dentine using extracted human teeth. Two groups of control cavities (30 cavities per group) were restored with Prisma-Bond/Prisma-Fil and Heliobond/Heliomolar respectively. Two groups of test cavities (30 cavities per group) were restored using the dentine adhesive. Prisma Universal Bond with Prisma-Fil on one group and Prisma Universal Bond and Heliomolar in the other. Following thermocycling the marginal contraction gaps were measured and assessed. The results showed a significant reduction in marginal contraction gaps when using either composite resin with Prisma Universal Bond. This indicates a compatibility of both resins with the adhesive in this instance.

Acrylates↗