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Biomedical subjects

G Soldati

Publications and source records attributed to G Soldati.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Multimodal evoked potentials in HIV-1-seropositive patients: relationship between the immune impairment and the neurophysiological function.

Multimodal evoked potentials (PRVEP, BAEP, mSEP) were recorded in 56 HIV-1 seropositive outpatients free from opportunistic CNS pathologies and/or overt HIV-1 encephalopathy. EPs were altered in 17 of 39 (43.6%) seropositive subjects without AIDS (group A) and in 13 of 17 (76.5%) patients with AIDS (group B). A high incidence of subclinical alterations (30.8%) were found in group A patients. Significant BAEP (I-III, III-V, I-V) interpeak latency and mSEP (N9-N13, N9-N20) conduction time prolongations were found in group A and B patients. PRVEP P100 was significantly prolonged only in group B. An inverse relationship between BAEP interpeak latencies and CD4 count was found. Our findings support the hypothesis of an important role of immunodepression in the development of neurophysiologic abnormalities, together with a preferential involvement of acoustic pathways, in the course of HIV-1 infection.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1995

Detection of chromosome 11 alterations in blood and bone marrow by interphase cytogenetics in mantle cell lymphoma.

The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is a consistent chromosome change in mantle cell lymphomas. This study investigates the application of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome painting probes for interphase cytogenetic analysis in patients with mantle cell lymphomas. Chromosome 11 paints have been able to show splitting of the chromosome signal consistent with the t(11;14) translocation in interphase cells from bone marrow and blood of patients with mantle cell lymphomas. These include some in clinical remission. The chromosome probes conjugated with fluorescent molecules are hybridized with patient's DNA allowing the easy detection of chromosome 11 abnormalities with fluorescent-light microscopes. Interphase FISH has a higher sensitivity and is quicker than standard metaphase cytogenetics. This may be beneficial in rapid detection of chromosome 11 abnormalities, assisting in the diagnosis of mantle cell lymphomas. In addition, detection of a clonal population of cells is possible.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1993

Predictive value of neurological abnormalities in HIV 1 patients in the early stages of the infection.

A longitudinal clinical neurological and electrophysiological follow-up study was carried out on 31 HIV1 seropositive outpatients in the asymptomatic or LAS stages of the infection (CDC II-III). The results of clinical examination and multimodal evoked potentials (EP) recording showed a high percentage of abnormalities (42% and 39% of cases respectively); in a statistically significant number of subjects these abnormalities were predictive of subsequent immunological deterioration, thus demonstrating the close relationship between neurological and immunological functions in HIV1 infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Electrophysiological study (VEP, BAEP) in HIV-1 seropositive patients with and without AIDS.

One hundred-twenty nine HIV-1 seropositive patients (39 females, 90 males) were studied by means of pattern visual evoked potential (VEP) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recording. Utilizing the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control the patients were clinically defined and then subdivided into four groups: group A included patients of category II (n:11); group B patients of category III (n:29); group C patients of category IVa and IVc2 (n:55) and group D patients belonging to the other subgroups of category IV (n:34). EP were altered in 26.35% of the entire group with a marked prevalence of BAEP alterations (21.7%) rather than of VEP (4.65%). A considerable amount of BAEP abnormalities (24.13%) were found in patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (group B). A significant increase of BAEP mean interpeak latencies were observed in group B, C, D patients when compared with those of the control group. On the whole, EP were altered in 20.65% of the neurologically asymptomatic patients. EP alterations may precede any clinical manifestation and can be found during the earlier phases of HIV-1 infection.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1992

Effect of volumetric mixtures of peritoneal and follicular fluid from the same woman on sperm motility and acrosomal reactivity in vitro.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of peritoneal (PF) and follicular fluids (FF from the same woman) as well as of given volumetric combinations thereof on sperm motility and acrosomal reactivity. DESIGN: Prospective. Peritoneal fluid and FF were incubated separately or in given volumetric combinations (PF/FF = 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100; vol/vol) with swim-up sperm suspensions. SETTING: In vitro fertilization and general infertility clinic and laboratories. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Women participants of the gamete intrafallopian transfer program (motility study, n = 20; acrosomal reaction study, n = 14). Sperm donors of the artificial insemination program and men with given sperm parameters. INTERVENTIONS: Hormonal stimulation. Laparoscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Progressive velocity and percentage of motile gametes measured with multiple-exposure photography. Acrosomal reactivity measured by an immunofluorescent technique. RESULTS: Follicular fluid always influenced progressive motility and also sustained the number of motile gametes, as function of time, better than PF or the PF/FF mixtures (P less than 0.05). The acrosomal reactivity of sperm incubated in the various PF/FF combinations was low; after 5 hours only the FF-sperm suspensions showed a significant enhancement of acrosomally reacted gametes. CONCLUSION: At ovulation, FF transmit positive (motility- and acrosomal reactivity-enhancing) signals to sperm, whereas PF may transmit positive, neutral, or negative signals (noise signals). The volumetric combination of FF and PF in the tubal environment, which may differ from cycle to cycle and from woman to woman, could therefore result in synergic (or antagonistic) effects on the sperm fertility potential.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1989

Effect of peritoneal fluid on sperm motility and velocity distribution using objective measurements.

The aim of this study was to analyze in vitro the effect(s) of peritoneal fluid (PF) on sperm motility. Seventy PFs obtained during laparoscopy were tested on motile-rich sperm suspensions. Proportion of motile sperm and velocity distribution were evaluated by multiple-exposure photography technique. At time (t) = 0, PFs increased both sperm parameters as compared with control (P less than 0.01). Maximum effect was observed at t = 5 hours: 32 (45%) PFs increased and 5 (7%) decreased the proportion of motile sperm, while 8 (11%) PFs increased and 4 (6%) decreased sperm velocity. No correlation was found between a particular infertile group and a definite negative effect. However, 70% of PFs from fertile women maintained or increased the proportion of motile sperm at t = 5 hours, compared with 36% in the total infertile group. Comparison of the sperm motility effect(s) of a given PF on different ejaculates revealed that the effects observed also were influenced by the sperm sample tested. In conclusion, PFs can maintain or increase the motility of spermatozoa as function of time. However, some PFs can inhibit sperm motility and these effect(s) can be influenced by the sperm sample.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1989

Short-latency sinusoidal wavelets to bright flashed stimuli: studies with corneal lens, nasopharyngeal, retrobulbar and scalp recordings.

Short-latency flash visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded in 30 healthy volunteers and 14 patients (7 with retrobulbar neuritis and 7 with retinitis pigmentosa). Simultaneous recordings were performed by corneal, scalp, nasopharyngeal and retrobulbar (5 patients) electrodes. In 18 out of 30 healthy controls a brief sequence of oscillating wavelets was recorded between 15 and 40 ms on the scalp sites behind the vertex. In retrobulbar neuritis (RBN) patients normal responses were recorded by lens, retrobulbar, nasopharyngeal and frontal scalp electrodes. On the contrary none of these patients displayed short-latency activity behind the Cz scalp position. In 5 out of the 7 patients with retinitis pigmentosa, corneal, nasopharyngeal and scalp electrodes failed to detect any reliable waveform time-locked to the flash onset. In the remaining 2, a small lens ERG was recorded, while all other electrodes recorded a sequence of low-volted wavelets initiating 30 ms after the stimulus onset. In these patients an occipital VEP reduced in amplitude and with prolonged latency was also recorded. It is concluded that in presence of a normal corneal ERG because of the presence of volume spread oscillating retinal activity, it is hard to define while part of the scalp recorded, short latency, oscillating potentials is generated in subcortical visual structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Partial purification of lymphoblasts after in vitro immunization increases the yield in Ig-producing hybridomas.

Using in vitro immunization with a human plasma protein (apolipoprotein-A1) as antigen, we have shown that it is possible to prepare more monoclonal antibodies using a ten-fold lower concentration of antigen compared to in vivo immunization procedures (Weech et al., 1985). In addition, we can increase the number of Ig-producing hybridomas after in vitro immunization by a simple one-step separation of the lymphoblasts on a Percoll gradient before the fusion procedure. In order to apply this procedure to in vivo immunization techniques, it is necessary to expand the B-blast/plasma cell population by culturing the spleen cells for 4-6 days before fusion. Only antibodies of the IgM class were produced with the in vitro technique. However, by combining in vivo priming with in vitro immunization, it is possible to produce specific antibodies to both IgG and IgM classes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Removal of sperm-coat from human spermatozoa by interaction with cervical mucus or a capacitating medium.

Human spermatozoa were labelled with cationized ferritin and their interaction with cervical mucus or a capacitating medium enriched with 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the sperm-coat was removed from the surface of spermatozoa after incubation in the BSA-enriched capacitating medium, as well as after crossing a column filled with cervical mucus. These results suggest that both media have a quantitatively similar action in removing the sperm-coat.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of peritoneal fluid from spontaneous and stimulated cycles on sperm motility in vitro.

Peritoneal fluids (PFs) from spontaneous (n = 14) and gonadotrophin-stimulated cycles (n = 20) were obtained during diagnostic laparoscopy and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) procedures, respectively. The effects of these fluids on the linear component of sperm motility and on the percentage of motile spermatozoa were studied in vitro by objective motility assessments and compared to a control medium (B2-Ménézo). Overall, the two types of PFs were found to have rather similar effects on the motility parameters studied. However, the fluids from hormonally-stimulated cycles sustained motility better (i.e., sperm velocity and percentage of motile sperm) and in a rather constant manner as a function of time (narrower range distributions of the motility measurements). Furthermore, it was observed that under identical experimental conditions motility measurements depended not only on the type of PF used but also on the sperm sample. These results suggest that assisted reproduction procedures in which PF is the medium where the gametes eventually meet and interact, such as direct peritoneal insemination (DIPI) or peritoneal oocyte and sperm transfer (POST), could have different success rates if performed in spontaneous rather than in stimulated cycles. At the same time, our results may help to explain why different pregnancy rates were reported in different studies using DIP or POST.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of cerebral circulation in the presence of carotid vessel changes].

The importance of transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) use in the presence of extracranial carotid artery diseases (occlusions, stenosis, parietal irregularities) is discussed. The preliminary data, obtained from 25 patients and as many normal subjects, show a significant correlation in the two groups, between blood flow velocities in the middle (MCA) and anterior cerebral arteries (ACA).

Adult↗