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Biomedical subjects

G Stanford

Publications and source records attributed to G Stanford.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Adverse effect of therapeutic vasoconstrictors in experimental acute pancreatitis.

Alpha-adrenergic drugs commonly are used to treat hypotension resulting from severe acute pancreatitis. It was shown previously that although systemic arterial pressure is increased by phenylephrine, pancreatic microcirculatory perfusion is decreased. Because inadequate tissue perfusion may be critical in the progression of edematous pancreatitis to parenchymal necrosis, it was hypothesized that vasoconstrictors might be harmful in pancreatitis. Therefore the effect of phenylephrine on cerulein-induced mild pancreatitis were studied. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 54) were randomly allocated to 6 experimental groups and subjected to the following infusion regimens: (1) cerulein (cae) + phenylephrine (phe), (2) cae + saline (NS), (3) NS + phe, (4) cae + phenoxybenzamine (pbz) + phe, (5) NS + pbz + phe, and (6) NS. Initial and terminal hematocrit, serum amylase activity, and blood ionized calcium concentration were determined. The animals were killed 9 hours after starting the infusion. Macroscopic and histologic changes were scored by a 'blinded' pathologist. Phenylephrine increased the severity of cerulein-induced pancreatitis as manifested by statistically significant adverse changes in serum amylase, hematocrit, ionized calcium, peripancreatitic soap formation, and acinar cell vacuolization. These changes were antagonized by alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade with phenoxybenzamine. It is concluded that phenylephrine is deleterious in acute experimental pancreatitis, the first demonstration of such an effect by a pharmacologic vasoconstrictor, and suggested that microcirculatory changes may be important in the transition of mild to severe pancreatitis. Caution in the use of vasoconstrictor drugs in patients with acute pancreatitis is recommended.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Beyond honesty: choosing language for talking to children about pain and procedures.

Gene Stanford, long an influential and colorful member of the Association for the Care of Children's Health (ACCH), died on February 25, 1991, after a long illness. His presentation, "Talking to Children about Medical Procedures," at the 1985 ACCH conference in Boston was heard by and has influenced the thinking and clinical skills of many ACCH members. As an author and coauthor of many publications addressing communication skills and the needs of children in health care, it is fitting that his memorable presentation in 1985 incorporated both areas of Gene's expertise. At my request, an outline was submitted for this theme issue. Unfortunately, he was not able to develop it further. However, it is highly informative, useful, and representative of quality clinical skills and judgment just the way it is. For this reason, it is printed here just as Gene wrote it. It is a small piece of the legacy that Gene leaves behind for children and families in health care.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Psychosocial care as a marketing tool: gaining hospital-wide commitment through guest relations training.

Spurred primarily by the new climate of competition in health care, a number of hospitals have instituted training programs in "guest relations" to ensure that all hospital employees, from administrators to maintenance workers, interact in helpful, caring ways with patients and visitors. These programs provide an excellent means of acquainting all employees with the special needs of children and their parents and offer concrete suggestions for how a wide variety of employees can contribute to total psychosocial care.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Services for parental stress reduction in a pediatric ICU.

The stress of having their child in an ICU can be alleviated by keeping parents informed, ensuring positive relationships between staff and parents, providing concrete services that meet parents' needs, and maximizing parental involvement in the care of their child. We interviewed the parents of 22 children cared for in a pediatric ICU to determine how well their needs were met by the staff and facilities. Responses confirmed the importance of the 4 interventions listed above and indicated a high degree of satisfaction. The results emphasized the need for ICU staff to introduce themselves repeatedly to parents and make certain parents know who is responsible for their child's care, and to encourage parents to ask questions about their child's illness and therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of the dyslexia training program: a multisensory method for promoting reading in students with reading disabilities.

The development of reading and spelling skills in students with dyslexia, by definition, is delayed and often remains delayed despite years of instruction. Three qualities are thought to facilitate reading development in these children: the provision of a highly structured phonetic-instruction training program with heavy emphasis on the alphabetic system, drill and repetition to compensate for short-term verbal memory deficits, and multisensory methods to promote nonlanguage mental representations. The Dyslexia Training Program, a remedial reading program derived from Orton-Gillingham methods, embodies these qualities. Following their 2-year program, students displaying dyslexia demonstrated significantly higher reading recognition and comprehension compared with a control group. The two groups did not differ in spelling. In addition, the degree of improvement in reading demonstrated by students who received the Dyslexia Training Program by videotape and by those who received it live from instructors did not differ.

Achievement↗