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Biomedical subjects

G T Gibson

Publications and source records attributed to G T Gibson.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Maternal alcohol, tobacco and cannabis consumption and the outcome of pregnancy.

In a prospective study of 7,301 births, associations were sought between maternal alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and several adverse outcomes of pregnancy. Apparent effects of alcohol use on prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital abnormalities and low Apgar score were consistent with previously reported work, but were not statistically significant. Infants born to smokers had lower birthweights and were more prone to intrauterine growth retardation, but they did not appear to have an increased risk of prematurity or perinatal death. Only 36 women reported using cannabis 2 or more times a week, not merely as smokers of marijuana but also as users of the more potent resin forms of cannabis. Subsequently 25% of these women gave birth to premature infants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Maternal exposure to environmental chemicals and the aetiology of teratogenesis.

Data on exposure of 10,879 pregnant women to various household and agricultural chemicals were obtained by interview; 6,267 of these women were seen both antenatally and postnatally, enabling a genuine prospective study of the association between chemical exposure and congenital abnormalities in the infant. The remaining 4,612 women were privately booked and were first seen postnatally. Statistical analysis of the 2 groups revealed a strong association of malformations with chemical exposure in both groups, even after other known risk factors were taken into account.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1982

A prospective study of serial maternal serum zinc levels and pregnancy outcome.

A prospective study of 878 pregnant women in Adelaide, South Australia, examined the relationship of maternal serum zinc concentration to pregnancy outcome. Blood samples were obtained at weeks 18 and 32 of pregnancy, and from the umbilical cord. Additional detailed data were obtained, via standardised antenatal interview and review of clinical records, on antenatal care, personal, behavioural, and sociodemographic characteristics, and, subsequently, on delivery and neonatal assessment. Maternal mid-pregnancy zinc status was negatively correlated, although very weakly, with duration of gestation and with birthweight (including, in particular, the 18 recorded cases of intrauterine growth retardation). This finding accords with recent suggestions that, in non-experimental human studies in populations in which frank zinc deficiency is absent, maternal serum zinc level may be an outcome, rather than a determinant, of fetal growth later in pregnancy. Low mid-pregnancy zinc levels were associated with increased risk of intrapartum haemorrhage. In general, the greatest risk of having some complication or abnormality of delivery or neonatal functional status occurred in pregnant women who had both an initially below-average, and subsequently decreasing, serum zinc concentration. This corroborates other recent research. While it might be inferred that above-average fetal growth, by depressing maternal zinc status, could itself impair delivery and neonatal functioning, our data indicate that these effects operated independently.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1981

Congenital anomalies in relation to the use of doxylamine/dicyclomine and other antenatal factors: an ongoing prospective study.

Recent publicity regarding possible teratogenic effects of the doxylamine/dicyclomine/pyridoxine combination (Debendox) has led to a degree of apprehension in women for whom the drug is prescribed, and in doctors who prescribe it. This study, based on an ongoing epidemiological surveillance programme, reports an analysis of the records of 1817 women for whom the drug was prescribed compared with 5771 non-users. The object of the study was to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy against exposure to the drug, taking into account the coexistent influences of other factors. Thorough statistical analysis disclosed no evidence of teratogenicity of the doxylamine/dicyclomine/pyridoxine overall, nor in relation to the skeletal or cardiovascular systems in particular. Two unexpected findings were an apparent moderate increase in genital tract abnormalities in users of this drug, and the possibility of a synergistic relationship between tobacco and this drug in early pregnancy, both aspects warranting further investigation.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗