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Biomedical subjects

G T Ijaduola

Publications and source records attributed to G T Ijaduola.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The hearing profile of Nigerian school children.

The paucity of up-to-date and representative epidemiological data on hearing disorders in Nigeria has been observed as undermining the effective advocacy of prevention initiatives. This study attempts to address this problem by evaluating the prevalence and pattern of hearing impairment in school entrants. Parental interviews, otoscopy, pure-tone audiometric screening (frequency 0.5-4 kHz) and tympanometric examinations were conducted for a representative sample of 359 school children in an inner city area of Lagos. The prevalence of hearing loss was 13.9%. Middle ear abnormalities were noted in 20.9% of the study population, of which 18.7% were reported with otitis media with effusion. Impacted cerumen, documented in 189 children (52.6%), was the most common disorder. It showed significant association with hearing loss (P<0.001) and school performance (P<0.01). Tympanic membrane abnormalities were observed in 144 (40.1%) children. Of these, 45 (31.3%) showed abnormal tympanograms while 28 (19.4%) reported hearing loss (P<0.05). The early detection and management of hearing problems is relatively rare, thus precluding the determination of possible aetiological factors for the observed abnormalities. Poor public awareness, dearth of relevant facilities and the lack of early screening programmes are major known contributory factors. The well established national immunisation programme offers a cost-effective platform within the primary health-care system for addressing the high prevalence of hearing abnormalities in school children.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1996

Rhinosporodium: case report.

This is the first reported case of rhinosporidiosis in Ibadan, Nigeria. A review of literature shows that the patient came from northern Nigeria where the first case was reported in the country. The organism is difficult to culture and the diagnosis was based on microscopy and histological examination of the polyp. We present the case of recurrent rhinosporidiosis in a 16 year old girl a year after polypectomy in Zaria, northern Nigeria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Hearing thresholds in an auto assembly plant: prospects for hearing conservation in an Nigerian factory.

The hearing of 165 auto assembly workers exposed to noise levels of between 94 and 108 dB was assessed by means of air and bone conductance audiograms obtained during peak and low production periods to determine acute shifts in hearing. Compared to non-industrially exposed and non-production subgroups, the exposed subjects had significantly (P less than 0.001) elevated thresholds at both peak and low production periods. There was an acute and significant (P less than 0.001) drop in the hearing thresholds of the exposed subjects during low production period. This was especially true of cross-sections of the exposed subjects and of a cohort specifically sampled at both high and low production periods. Hearing thresholds for the exposed subjects increased with both age and duration of employment and were significantly correlated with duration of employment (P less than 0.05). Of all the confounders (age, duration of employment, residential density) assessed by stepwise multiple regression analysis, duration of employment was the only significant contributor to the threshold shift. There was no conductive deafness among the study subjects. There was no consistent association between blood pressure and either hearing threshold or noise level. The results indicate good prospects for hearing conservation for Nigeria workers if hearing protection and noise abatement programs, currently not mandated by statutes, can be instituted.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Persistent palpable cervical lymph nodes in Nigerian children.

A study of 105 consecutive Nigerian children with palpable cervical lymph nodes was carried out over a 4-year period from January 1983 to January 1987 at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. In 43 (41%) of these children, the initial diagnosis was non-specific lymphadenitis, in 27 (25.7%) tuberculosis, in 18 (17.1%) lymphoma, in 9 (8.6%) metastasis to cervical lymph nodes, and in 8 (7.6%) sinus histiocytosis. The correlation between clinical assessment and histological findings was good in conditions like tuberculosis, metastasis and lymphoma, fair in chronic non-specific lymphadenitis, and poor in sinus histiocytosis. It is, therefore, mandatory that the histological study of chronically enlarged cervical lymph nodes be made in children before definitive treatment is started.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Axial and peripheral skeletal features of von Recklinghausen's disease in the African.

A study of axial and peripheral skeletal features of von Recklinghausen's disease in 26 Nigerian African adults has been carried out. Widened intervertebral foramina were the commonest lesions in the axial skeleton of these patients. They occurred in 24 (92.30 percent) of all cervical vertebrae; 20 (76.92 percent) of all lumbar vertebrae; and 16 (61.53 percent) of all thoracic vertebrae. Six (23.08 percent) had lumbar scoliosis. Dysplastic pedicles appeared in 4 (14.38 percent). Malignant changes with bony erosion occurred in two (7.69 percent). Dumbbell features of intraspinal involvement were observed in one patient. It is suggested that in view of the protean nature of presentation of this disease, physicians should always bear it in mind in cases of unusual skeletal lesions and watch carefully for its identifying signs.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1987

Chronic tonsillitis, tonsillectomy and sickle cell crises.

A study of the effect of tonsillectomy on the frequency of sickle cell pain crises was carried out on 15 patients with sickle cell disease (Hb SS) who presented with complaints of frequent pain crises and were found to have chronic tonsillitis. They comprised 9 females and 6 males and ranged in age from 6 to 35 years, with a mean of 15 years. Tonsillectomy was performed under general anaesthesia. The mean number of pain crises in the one-year period after tonsillectomy was 1.5 and was significantly less than the mean number 4.7 in the one year preceding the operation (p less than 0.001). Four patients failed to show a reduced number of crises and these were those whose tonsils at operation showed no pus in their tonsillar crypts. It is thus observed that chronic tonsillitis, symptoms of which may not be volunteered at examination, is a potent inductor of sickle cell pain crisis and that tonsillectomy is an effective mode of treatment, especially when the tonsillar crypts contain pus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Musculus uvulae and velopharyngeal status.

A study of velopharyngeal status after partial excision of musculus uvulae, as in total uvulectomy, has been carried out in 15 adults with normally formed soft palates. Fifteen volunteers matched for age and sex with normal palates, who had not had total uvulectomy, were used as controls. Four assessment techniques were used: Air escape, with modified tongue anchor technique; Production of speech sounds; Transnasal nasopharyngoscopy; and Radiological screening. Even though Azzam and Kuehn (1977) have stressed the importance of the musculus uvulae in velopharyngeal closure, all assessments showed that partial excision of the musculus uvulae, as in total uvulectomy, has no statistically significant effect on the velopharyngeal status in subjects with a normally formed soft palate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Occurrence and recurrence of basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Negroid and albinoid Africans.

A study of sixty patients with basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck region carried out over a six-year period (1979-1985) is hereby presented. Sixteen (26.72 per cent) were albinos and 44 (73.28 per cent) negroids. Forty-eight (80 per cent) were outdoor workers. The negroid patients presented between the 3rd and 4th decades while the albinos presented a decade earlier. The commonest site involved in the head and neck was the forehead. The midface showed the highest recurrence rate in both groups, even after adequate excision. The frequency of recurrence in tumours presenting with a size of 2-5 cm. diameter was significantly higher in the albinos than in the negroid (P less than 0.05), whereas, with tumours of a size larger than 5 cm., there was no statistically significant difference between the albino and the negroid. However, the overall recurrence rate was significantly higher in the albinos (P less than 0.005). The mortality among the albinos was 25 per cent while there were no deaths in the negroid Africans.

Albinism↗
PubMed1987

Neurofibromatosis in Nigerian children.

A study of 14 children with multiple neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen's disease) seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital within a 6-year period (1979-85) has been carried out. Eight were boys while six were girls. The youngest was 3 months old. The café-au-lait spots observed in all these children showed poor colour contrast, thus making it not easily discernible in infancy and early diagnosis difficult. They are therefore better called "café-sans-lait" or "blackish brown" spots in the African. Hyperpigmented patches were observed in eight children and multiple grotesque soft tissue swellings in ten others. Prolonged follow-up is mandatory in these patients in order to give them a better quality of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Skeletal lesions in von Recklinghausen's disease of the head and neck in Nigerian Africans.

A study of skeletal lesions in the head and neck region of 20 adult patients with von Recklinghausen's disease, seen in the Surgical Out Patient clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital from 1979 to 1985, has been carried out. Among the 20 patients, 13 (65 per cent) had symptoms related to the head and neck while 7 (37 per cent) did not; however, on radiological screening, all of them were observed to have skeletal lesions. The commonest feature was enlarged intervertebral nerve root exit foramina from mesodermal dysplasia, which occurred in 16 (80 per cent) of our patients. Other major findings were erosion of the mandible, 8 (40 per cent); erosion of the wings of the sphenoid, 4 (20 per cent); poor mastoid bone pneumatisation, 3 (15 per cent); erosion of the parietal bone, 3 (15 per cent) and heterotopic bone formation, 1 (5 per cent). Congenital calvarial defects were not detected. In view of the fact that all our patients showed radiologically detectable skeletal lesions of the head and neck, despite absence of symptoms in 35 per cent, it is advisable that all patients with von Recklinghausen's disease should routinely have radiological screening of this region, to detect early lesions.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1982

Lingual and normally located thyroid glands in Nigerian children.

Two clinically euthyroid children with lingual and normally located functioning thyroid tissue in the neck have been seen in a two-year period at Lagos University Teaching Hospital. The existence of a lingual thyroid does not exclude a normally located functioning thyroid gland or vice-versa. A scintiscan should always be carried out. Surgical intervention is necessary even if there are no symptoms of obstruction, in view of possible malignant change in later life. Difficulties in following-up patients in developing countries also make surgery advisable.

Adolescent↗