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Biomedical subjects

G Toscano

Publications and source records attributed to G Toscano.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Dissolution of trace metals from lava ash: influence on the composition of rainwater in the Mount Etna volcanic area.

Dissolution of trace metals from lava ash of the Mount Etna volcano in aqueous suspensions is studied as a function of solution pH and aerosol mass loading. The rate of dissolution and the final concentration increase with decreasing pH. Leaching experiments are found to be consistent with the observations of these metals in rainwater of the volcanic area. Elements such as Fe and Mn are important in the aqueous oxidation of SO(2) which increases the acidity of the rainwater. Leaching of Na, Ca, K, Fe and Mg may have a buffering effect in reacting with cloud and aerosol droplets.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Ondansetron plus dexamethasone in the control of high dose cisplatin-induced emesis.

Twenty-two patients who underwent chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) at doses > 100 mg/m2 also received antiemetic treatment comprised of the combination of ondansetron plus dexamethasone. The results obtained have shown a good activity from this combination with these high doses of CDDP, with a response of 81.8% (complete+major protection). There were also three therapeutic failures in patients with a few negative prognostic characteristics. It is our intention to use a benzodiazepine and adequate psychological support in an attempt to increase the response percentages in these kinds of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

VP16, epirubicin and procarbazine in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

We report the results obtained in the treatment of 52 advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with the combination chemotherapy VP16 (120 mg/m2 i.v., days 1-2-3), epirubicin (50 mg/m2 i.v., day 1) and procarbazine (100 mg/m2 p.o., days 1 through 8). The courses were repeated every 21 days. No patient had been pretreated. A median of 5 courses was administered. Partial response was obtained in 33% and no change in 21% of patients. Median remission time was 6.5 months, and median survival of responders was 10 months. The best response rate and median survival were obtained in the lowest grade performance status patients and in locally advanced disease patients. Major chemotherapy related toxicities were grade 1-2 leukopenia and grade 2-3 alopecia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Plasma fibronectin in normolipidaemic and hyperlipidaemic uraemic patients treated with haemodialysis.

Plasma fibronectin (PF) concentrations, were investigated in normolipidaemic and hyperlipidaemic (type IV) patients with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis (n = 29) and in controls (n = 34). Mean PF was significantly reduced in both subsets of dialysed patients. Among the hemodialysed patients the presence of hyperlipidaemia did not modify PF levels, which resulted, on the contrary, significantly higher in hyperlipidaemic controls as compared with the normolipidaemic group. In controls, according to a multivariate analysis model, PF was directly related with age and inversely with HDL-cholesterol. In the hemodialysed patients total cholesterol was the unique significant PF related variate, being this group, therefore, characterized by the lack of any inverse relation between PF and HDL-cholesterol. Finally, no PF modifications were observed in hemodialyzed patients affected by arterial hypertension or clinically evident atherosclerotic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Zinc levels of serum, hair and urine in homozygous beta-thalassemic subjects under hypertransfusional treatment.

The concentration of zinc in serum, hair and urine has been examined in 92 homozygous beta-thalassemic and 81 control subjects. The results were not statistically different in the subjects of each group studied (thalassemic and control persons of different ages: 1-12, 12-18, and 18-35 years). In the thalassemic children no statistically significant differences were observed between those normally growing and those with impaired growth. The authors hypothesize that hypertransfusional treatment prevents zinc deficiency in the thalassemic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Improvement of defective lactation by using oral metoclopramide.

An attempt has been made to pharmacologically enhance PRL secretion to improve lactation. Twenty-one puerperal women with past history of defective lactation and PRL levels under the normal range were studied for 4 weeks postpartum. Eleven patients who received orally 20 mg a day of metoclopramide showed persistently elevated basal levels of serum PRL during the four weeks' observation period. These women also had a good milk production and their infants did not need supplements. Ten women receiving placebo, however, showed an abrupt decrease in basal PRL levels, and this decrease persisted despite the continuation. Simultaneously a decline in the milk yield was observed and by the 14th postdelivery day milk production was minimal. The administration of metoclopramide at this moment to this group of poor lactating mothers produced an increase in serum PRL levels which presisted for the rest of the study. Metoclopramide also augmented the milk production so that these women were able to continue breast feeding their infants. Our preliminary results seem to prove that defective lactation associated with low prolactin levels (prolactipenia) can be treated by the manipulation of endogenous PRL secretion through the administration of metoclopramide or drugs which enhance PRL release.

Administration, Oral↗