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Biomedical subjects

G Turco

Publications and source records attributed to G Turco.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dentistry↗
PubMed1991

5-Acyl-6-aryl-4-nitro-3(2H)pyridazinones and related 4-amino compounds: synthesis and pharmacological evaluation.

Several 4-nitro- and 4-amino-5-acyl-6-aryl-3(2H)pyridazinones were prepared and their in vitro and ex vivo antiaggregatory properties were evaluated. 4-Nitro derivatives 3 generally showed good activity in vitro towards arachidonic acid (AA)-induced human blood platelet aggregation. The 4-amino compound 4a, which has weak in vitro activity, exhibited antiplatelet activity, particularly on adenosine dephosphate (ADP)-induced aggregation ex vivo in rabbit. Moreover, the same compound was shown to be active in platelet-activating factors (PAF)-induced rat paw hyperalgesia and to be endowed with low acute oral toxicity. The 4-amino derivatives 4a-m and the other pyridazinones 5-9 administered orally to rats were also found to be more potent antiinflammatory agents than acetyl salicylic acid (ASA). Compounds 3a and 4a, tested in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages, were seen to be active in the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and interleukin-1 activity. Structure-activity relationship studies in the series of antiaggregating pyridazinones 3 have shown the primary importance of the nitro and acetyl substituents at positions 4 and 5, respectively. Hydrophobic substituents at position 2 were also required for better activity.

Amrinone↗
PubMed1990

[Rare digestive hemorrhage caused by diverticular pathology of the small intestine].

The Authors report two cases of digestive hemorrhage secondary to diverticulosis of the small intestine. The incidence of this pathology in an overall population of 215 digestive hemorrhages was 0.9%. A clinical identity-kit is drawn of patients affected by jejunal diverticulosis, and the most important and characteristic anamnestic manifestations are defined. The most statistically significant complication is hemorrhage which was observed in 33% of cases. Clinical manifestations of hemorrhage are defined as variable and "bizarre", since they may appear as hematemesis, melena or enterorrhagia. The surgical procedure for radical definitive and prophylactic therapy is segmentary resection of the jejunum affected by pseudodiverticulosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Use of radionuclide angiography and an electrocardiographic stress test to diagnose multivessel disease after a first episode of uncomplicated myocardial infarction.

Sixty consecutive patients who were symptom free 2-12 months after an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction underwent maximal treadmill exercise testing, radionuclide angiography before and during submaximal bicycle stress test, and coronary angiography. The results of the non-invasive procedures were compared with those of coronary angiography. The sensitivity and specificity of electrocardiogram stress test for detection of multivessel disease were 40% and 77% respectively. Failure of left ventricular ejection fraction to increase at least 5% with exercise identified 20 of the 25 patients with multivessel disease (sensitivity 80%) and 23 of the 35 patients with no additional coronary artery stenosis (specificity 66%). In patients with anterior Q waves the sensitivity was 78% and the specificity 50%, whereas in the presence of inferior Q waves these values were 81% and 87% respectively. Loss of left ventricle synchronicity during effort, as indicated by failure of the standard deviation of the phases to decrease during exercise, demonstrated a radionuclide angiography sensitivity of 80% (77% for anterior myocardial infarction and 81% for inferior myocardial infarction) and a specificity of 50% (33% for anterior myocardial infarction and 64% for inferior myocardial infarction). When the test was considered to be positive if either the ejection fraction or the standard deviation of the phases criteria were positive, the sensitivity was 100% and specificity 46% (30% for anterior myocardial infarction and 65% for inferior myocardial infarction). It is concluded that in patients who are free from angina 2-12 months after an episode of uncomplicated myocardial infarction, a simple exercise electrocardiogram cannot be relied upon to detect residual ischaemia. An abnormal ejection fraction response or an increased standard deviation of the phases during exercise nuclear angiography or both identified all the patients with multivessel disease. None of the patients in whom radionuclide angiographic criteria were negative had multivessel disease.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1985

Insulin requirement of human leukemic cell lines.

The growth characteristics of human leukemic cell lines in serum supplemented medium and in serum free medium with and without the addition of insulin were investigated. No relation was found between the insulin binding capacity of the cells and their hormone-dependence for growth.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1983

Changes in insulin binding activity during myeloid differentiation.

Insulin binding activity and its changes in relation to terminal differentiation were studied in the HL60 human promyelocytic cell line, and in myeloid cells from both normal bone marrow and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. After treatment with dimethylsulfoxide, the HL60 line began to differentiate into more mature myeloid cells. Treated and untreated HL60 cells were found to possess specific insulin receptors with characteristics similar to those of monocytes and granulocytes. Dimethylsulfoxide induced a progressive decrease in insulin binding, parallel to the increase in the proportion of differentiated cells. Myeloid cells from CML patients were used to study insulin binding characteristics during spontaneous differentiation. They were separated on Ficoll Hypaque into a light fraction, containing mostly undifferentiated cells, and a dense fraction, containing mostly granulocytes, with similar specific insulin receptor characteristics. Insulin binding capacity, however, was twice as high in the light fraction. To compare binding activity during normal and leukemic myeloid differentiation, cells from normal bone marrow and CML peripheral blood were fractioned by BSA density gradient into enriched fractions of one predominant cell type. Insulin binding decreased in the course of both differentiations. These findings indicate that leukemic immature myeloid cells possess a high number of specific insulin receptors, and that insulin binding decreases during both spontaneous and chemically induced terminal differentiation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1981

Kinetic analysis of the response of plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide to glucagon injection in normal and diabetic subjects.

A compartmental model formed by plasma glucose, proinsulin, insulin, and C-peptide was proposed to allow a quantitative evaluation of the interrelationship among the different components of the system and to obtain a better discrimination between normal and pathologic subjects. In 11 control subjects, in 6 mild diabetics, and in 9 severe diabetics (insulin-dependent), the kinetics of plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide after an i.v. injection of glucagon (sampling for about 120 min) were fitted to the model which was solved with digital computing techniques. Since biphasic plasma insulin and C-peptide kinetics were demonstrated in many normals and mild diabetics, the effect of glucagon in the model was represented by a differential plus a proportional effect. The model (formed by 6 compartments and 14 transfer constants) takes into account the fact that insulin and C-peptide derive monomolecularly from proinsulin and that liver inactivates insulin. The values of the parameters obtained were submitted to stepwise discriminant analysis in order to obtain their relative importance in discriminating among the three groups of subjects. With respect to normal subjects, we found in diabetics an increased inflow of glucose into plasma; a decreased effect of glucagon in promoting the proinsulin response; a decreased effect of glucose in promoting the proinsulin response; a decreased glucose utilization; a lower coupling effect of insulin on glucose; and a higher disappearance rate of C-peptide. We observed a lower formation of insulin and C-peptide from proinsulin in severe diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Echographic anatomy of the greater peritoneal cavity and its recesses].

The peritoneum of the great abdominal cavity and its recesses are a blind radiographical area which can however be easily outlined by US when it contains fluid. The anatomical study of these usually virtual cavities represents the purpose of this paper. The natural contrast of the peritoneal fluid as amplified by the mechanical effect produced by an adequate amount of fluid, allows a clear visualization of the anatomy of various peritoneal structures in either upper (subphrenic, subhepatic, lesser sac, etc.) or lower (pelvic) areas. The sovramesocolic and the infracolic compartments are in communication through the two external paracolic gutters which are the main passageways for the fluids between upper and lower compartments. In fact, peritoneal fluids are in constant movement due to different factors, such as gravity, statics, which causes the peritoneal fluids to flow into the lowest part of the peritoneal cavity, and hydrostatic pressure. Pressure differences are thought to convey fluids from various sites of the abdomen into different areas. In the lower abdomen, pressure is 3 times as much as in the upper abdomen, which causes the fluids to move into the subhepatic and subphrenic regions. The redistribution of fluids can be influenced by particular anatomical causes. The phrenicocolic ligament, eg, is a barrier to the advancing of fluids along the left paracolic gutter, which makes the right paracolic gutter the main passageway for the fluids. This pattern explains why abscesses are more frequent in the right than in the upper left abdominal regions. Another example is the tiny Winslow opening, which does not allow inflammatory material to pass into the lesser sac in case of inflammatory processes of the great peritoneal cavity and vice versa. Moreover, pointing out fluid collections and abscesses is important, since an early diagnosis and a topographic map are essential in order to plan treatment.

Humans↗