Biomedical subjects

G Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to G Ueda.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Effects of high altitudes on finger cooling test in Japanese and Tibetans at Qinghai Plateau.

The influences of both hypobaric hypoxia and cold on peripheral circulation were studied using the finger cooling test (measurement of the decrease in finger temperature, measured at the dorsal surface of the finger, during immersion of the hand in 0 degrees C water for 20 min) at Qinghai Plateau. The same test was carried out at simulated altitudes in a 25 degrees C climatic chamber to separate the hypobaric hypoxia influence from that of cold. In Japanese subjects at Qinghai Plateau there was a significant difference between finger skin temperatures (FSTs) during 20 min of 0 degrees C water immersion at altitudes of 2260 m and 4860 m by ANOVA. Mean finger skin temperature during the 20-min immersion (5-20 min, MST) measured at 4860 m was significantly lower than that at 2260 m. In Tibetan subjects, there was also a significant difference between FSTs at 2260 m and at 4860 m by ANOVA. MST at 4860 m tended to be lower than that at 2260 m. In the 25 degrees C climatic chamber, there was a significant difference between FSTs of Japanese expedition members at 2000 m and at 4000 m by ANOVA. MST was higher at 4000 m than at 2000 m, contrary to the data obtained in Qinghai. In conclusion, the higher skin temperature in response to local cold immersion, which would have been caused by stronger hypobaric hypoxia, must have been masked by the lower ambient temperature.

Acclimatization↗

PubMed1993

A monoclonal thymocytotoxic autoantibody from autoimmune-disease-prone New Zealand black mouse recognizes beta-tubulin in neural tissue.

On the basis of our previous report that a thymocytotoxic monoclonal autoantibody (NTA260) derived from a New Zealand Black mouse reacts with brain tissues as well as lymphoid cells, the neuronal antigen reacting with this antithymocyte antibody was characterized in the present experiment. Double staining of cultured brain cells with NTA260 and anti-tubulin antibody revealed that both staining patterns closely resembled each other. NTA260 reacted with purified tubulin molecules on Western blotting. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the whole lysate of embryonic mouse brain revealed that NTA260 stained the spot corresponding to that of beta-tubulin but not that of alpha-tubulin. These results suggest that beta-tubulin is a prominent neuronal antigen recognized by NTA260.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[A 62-year-old man with multiple cranial nerve palsies on the right side and a pelvic mass].

We report a 62-year-old man with a pelvic mass, who developed multiple cranial nerve palsies on the right side. He was well until the summer of 1977 when he developed a numb sensation in the sacral region. In the next year, a huge tumor was found in the sacral area in another hospital. Most of the tumor was resected at that time. Post-operative course was uneventful. In July 1988, there was an onset of weakness in his legs, gait disturbance, and dysuria. Myelography at the above hospital revealed a complete block at the seventh thoracic level. He was treated by laminectomy and post-operative radiation. In June 1990, he developed a neuralgic pan in his right leg. Two months later, he noted diplopia, deafness in his right ear, and swallowing difficulty. He was admitted to our hospital for further work up on January 14th of 1991. On admission, he was afebrile. General physical examination revealed a 4 cm had mass in his right anterior chest attaching the rib. Gynecomastia was noted bilaterally. Liver was felt by 5 cms under the right hypochondrium. The edge of the liver was firm. On neurologic examination he was an alert and mentally sound man. His higher cerebral functions were intact. In the cranial nerves, complete palsy of the abducens nerve, mild nerve deafness, paresis of the soft palate, atrophy and weakness of the sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezium muscles, all on the right side, deviation of the tongue to the right, slurred speech, and dysphagia were observed. The neck was supple. He was able to walk with a support. Mild weakness was present in his right lower extremity. Both legs were spastic. No ataxia or involuntary movements were noted. Deep reflexes were symmetric and normally active. No sensory loss was observed. No meningeal signs were present. Pertinent laboratory findings included moderate anemia (Hb 8.8 g/dl), LDH 2,631 U/l, CRP 7.4 mg/dl. The CSF was under an increased pressure (OP 260 mmH2O) containing 2 lymphocytes/ml, 43 mg/dl of protein, and 49 mg/dl of glucose. Radiologic examinations revealed a destructive change in the sacrum, lytic lesions in the seventh thoracic spine and in the clivus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Cranial Nerve Diseases↗

PubMed1993

[A 47-year-old woman with meningeal signs and consciousness disturbance].

We report a 47-year-old woman with SLE, who developed meningeal signs and consciousness disturbance. She noted an onset of fever, and swelling and pain in her face, hands and feet in 1990. She was seen in another hospital and the diagnosis of SLE was made. She was treated with prednisolone with marked improvement in her symptoms. She was well with 5 mg of oral prednisolone daily until January of 1991, when she developed fever, myalgia and weakness in her legs. She was admitted to the medical service of our hospital on August 5. She was receiving 15 mg of prednisolone daily. Gram positive rods were cultured from her blood on August 5. She became incoherent 2 days later, and had a convulsive episode on August 8. After the convulsion, she lost consciousness from which she did not recover. Her CSF contained 304/3 microliters cells, 29 of which were neutrophils, 6 lymphocytes, 90 others, and 179 destructed cells. The CSF protein content was 345 mg/dl, and glucose 23 mg/dl. A neurological consultation was asked on August 9. Physical examination at that time revealed a semicomatous woman. Respiration was 30/min and regular. BP 132/82 mmHg, heart rate 122/min and regular, and BT 39.6 degrees C. General physical examination was unremarkable. Pertinent neurologic findings were positive Kernig sign and spasticity in all four limbs. Brain stem reflexes were retained. Upon painful stimulation, withdrawal response was elicited both lower extremities. She was treated with pipiracillin, latamoxef and phenobarbital, however, she had frequent seizures. She was deeply comatose on December 10. She became flaccid and no more meningeal signs were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Encephalitis↗

PubMed1993

Immunofluorescent analysis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in glomeruli of the hepatic glomerulosclerosis.

An immunofluorescence study was carried out to evaluate alterations in the distribution and/or intensity of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, immunoglobulins and complement (C3) in the glomeruli of 7 autopsy patients with hepatic glomerulosclerosis. As compared with the findings in normal renal tissues, an increase in type IV collagen, laminin and fibronectin was observed in expanded glomerular mesangial areas and along glomerular capillary walls. Depositions of IgA, mainly IgA1, and C3 in glomeruli were in parallel with those of the ECM components. These ECM components were markedly decreased in glomeruli showing global sclerosis. In contrast, type I collagen was observed at central portions of the sclerotic glomeruli. There was an increase in the type I collagen along Bowman's capsules, especially at the sites of capsular adhesion and crescent formation. It appears that hyperproduction and/or infiltration of glomerular ECM components and interstitial collagen is closely linked to the progression of glomerular sclerosis in patients with liver diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterus.

Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix and endometrium were reviewed. They have been variously designated as carcinoid, argyrophil cell carcinoma, apudoma, small cell carcinoma, oat cell carcinoma, endocrine carcinoma, and neuroendocrine carcinoma, the last-mentioned term being preferred in this chapter. Adenocarcinomas with neuroendocrine cells are occasionally encountered in the cervix and endometrium. It is generally questioned whether they should be included in the spectrum of neuroendocrine carcinomas, although differential diagnosis between some such tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and neuroendocrine carcinoma is reported to be difficult. Since the majority of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix are highly aggressive, it is important to establish the neuroendocrine nature in the cervical carcinomas. In addition to the characteristic histologic features and argyrophil stainability, immunohistochemical demonstration of several neuroendocrine markers may be helpful in diagnosing neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix. Ultrastructural demonstration of neurosecretory granules is almost decisive in establishing the tumor's neuroendocrine nature, but it is not applicable in all cases. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix have been treated by surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, but optimal treatment methods have not yet been established because of the rarity of the tumor. Finally, we have described a typical neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix and reported some data regarding its experimental study.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Detection of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in the exfoliated cervical cells using the polymerase chain reaction.

We applied the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HPV 16 and 18 in cytological samples obtained from the uterine cervices of Japanese women. HPV infection was detected in 17 (25%) of 67 with CIN and 11 (37%) of 30 with cervical carcinoma. It is notable that 11 (16%) of 69 women with normal cervices were infected with either HPV 16 or 18. The polymerase chain reaction is sensitive and useful for epidemiological studies.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

A thymocytotoxic autoantibody reacts with the mouse brain cells in culture.

Autoimmune-prone New Zealand Black mice produce a large amount of autoantibodies cytotoxic for thymocytes (natural thymocytotoxic autoantibodies, NTA). A monoclonal NTA (NTA260) has been found to react with brain tissues as well as the cell surface of thymocytes. We investigated the expression of NTA 260 antigen in the primary culture of fetal brain cells. NTA260 labeled strongly the cytoplasm of nerve cells after fixation, but failed to stain the living cells. Western blot analysis revealed that NTA260 recognized predominantly a band at approximately 53 kDa in brain and thymic extracts. These findings indicate that neuronal NTA260 antigen, which has a molecular mass similar to that of thymocytes, is likely an intracellular component.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Microcirculation and high altitude edema.

Physiological functions are a conglomeration of cell functions, and all cells are regulated by information processing and energy distributing systems. The former consists of nervous systems and the latter consists of respiro-circulatory systems. Defensive reactions appear in response to local cold stress which can induce frostbite or edema. We analyzed the cold vasoreaction time course in which rhythmical changes and trends were found using rabbit's ear blood vessels. In sheep, hypobaric hypoxia corresponding to 6600 m altitude was applied for 3 hrs. Lung lymph volume increased in response to this stress. Most sheep exposed recovered later. The factors influencing the increase in lung lymph flow and the conditions to induce interstitial edema were analyzed. Simulated-altitude symptoms were, then, analyzed by Sampson's method. In eight subjects exposed to 3700 m condition, the nervous system symptoms were well correlated with the respiro-circulatory symptoms. Thus we concluded that the distinction between system-specific diseases, viz., that between acute mountain sickness cerebral type (AMS-C) and respiratory type (AMS-R) was somewhat fuzzy. A common AMS condition, AMS-general, exists. Lastly, a case of 22-year-old male who died of lung and cerebral edema on a winter mountain was reported. The lung weighed 1506 g and the brain 1610 g.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Differential expression of three CD45 alternative structures on murine T cells: exon 6-dependent epitope as a marker for functional heterogeneity of CD4+ T cells.

We prepared a novel rat mAb specific for CD45 molecules bearing the epitope coded for by the alternative exon 6 of the murine CD45 gene (CD45RC). Together with available mAbs to alternative exon 4- and 5-dependent epitopes (CD45RA and CD45RB respectively), we found that the three alternative exons show differential expressions on murine lymphocytes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that although B cells were homogeneously CD45RA+B+C+, the CD4+ T cells clearly included two populations, CD45RA-B+C- and CD45RA-B+C+. The CD8+ T cells were separated into CD45RA-B+C+ and CD45RA+B+C+ populations. Such features of epitope expression on the cell surface correlate well with message levels of corresponding alternative exons. In the CD4+ T cells, messages of alternative exons were associated with either one or two exon forms of the CD45 transcript. In CD8+ T cells, there were transcripts with one, two, or three alternative exons. When stimulated by an immobilized CD3 mAb, the CD45RC+CD4+ T cell subset preferentially secreted IL-2 and CD45RC-CD4+ T cells produced IL-4. Upon stimulation with concanavalin A, CD45RC-CD4+ T cells converted to CD45RC+ cells, and the level of CD45RC expression on the CD45RC+CD4+ T cell subset was up-regulated. These changes were unidirectional and irreversible. Therefore, differential expression of CD45RC probably delineates the functional heterogeneity of murine CD4+ T cells that is associated with the stages of CD4+ T cell maturation or activation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

Intermittent intensive combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (cyclic PAC chemotherapy) for ovarian cancer.

Despite high primary response rates with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, the overall survival rate for advanced ovarian cancer remains unsatisfactory. This prompted us to design a new systematic approach using a combination chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (PAC), namely, cyclic PAC chemotherapy. This is a 3-step chemotherapy with 3 courses of the PAC regimen in each step. It was administered for 18 months to patients with clinical Stage Ic-IV ovarian cancer, after cytoreductive surgery. In the present study, the cyclic PAC, brief PAC, and FAM (5-Fu, an alkylating agent, and mitomycin C) groups included 27 cases, 34 cases, and 38 cases, respectively. Treatment of Stage Ic-IV disease by cyclic PAC improved the outcome (57% estimated 5-year survival rate) compared to brief-PAC and FAM (20% and 32%, respectively). The outcome for patients with Stage III or IV ovarian cancer was also superior for the cyclic-PAC group compared to the brief-PAC and FAM groups (cyclic-PAC 44%, brief-PAC 9%, and FAM 0% estimated 5-year survival rates). Cyclic PAC chemotherapy was thus found to be capable of dramatically improving the long-term survival rate of ovarian cancer patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1992

Recombinant-human superoxide dismutase attenuates endotoxin-induced lung injury in awake sheep.

Oxygen radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury associated with clinical and experimental sepsis. With the use of endotoxin infusion as an in vivo model of sepsis we studied the effect of recombinant-human superoxide dismutase (r-hSOD; 4,200 U/mg), an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion, on both the physiologic and biochemical lung changes in awake sheep. Sheep (n = 11) were prepared for chronic measurement of pulmonary hemodynamics and lung fluid balance. Paired experiments were performed in seven of the animals in which they received either endotoxin (1 microgram/kg) alone or in combination with r-hSOD in random order. An additional four sheep received r-hSOD without the lipopolysaccharide. Intravenous infusion of r-hSOD (a loading dose of 12,600 U/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 14,700 U/kg/h for 7 h) resulted in substantial SOD activity, measured by electron spin resonance spectrometry, both in plasma and in lung lymph, and attenuated the expected changes in pulmonary arterial pressure and lung lymph flow after administration of endotoxin. When administered without endotoxin, r-hSOD produced no perceptible change in pulmonary hemodynamics and lung fluid balance. These data suggest that superoxide anion plays an important role in endotoxin-induced lung injury in sheep.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

An early activation antigen of murine T cells recognized by monoclonal natural autoantibody NTA204 and the expression on T cells from aged NZB x NZW F1 mice with overt autoimmune disease.

A monoclonal natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody NTA204 established from an autoimmune-prone NZB mouse reacted with the majority of thymocytes, all peripheral B cells, granulocytes and bone marrow myeloid cells, but not with peripheral resting T cells of normal mice. In aged NZB/W F1 mice with overt autoimmune disease, the population of NTA204+ CD4+ CD25- T cells was remarkably increased. The NTA204 antigen could be induced on splenic T cells from normal healthy mice as early as 3 hr after the initiation of culture with stimulant Con A, and was expressed on the vast majority in the 48-hr culture. The expression preceded that of other T cell activation antigens tested, CD25 and CD45R. Cell cycle analysis suggested that NTA204 is expressed at an early phase of G1A. T cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) could be divided into two populations, NTA204+ and NTA204-. By immunohistochemical analysis, 30% of NTA204+ CD8+, but few NT204- CD8+ T cells were intensely positive for large cytoplasmic granules of perforin, an important cytolytic mediator of cytotoxic T cells. Thus the increased population of NTA204+ T cells in aged NZB/W F1 mice appear to be activated T cells and might be at least partly involved in the pathogenesis of disease in these mice. Immunoblotting analysis of Con A-activated splenic T cells showed that NTA204 molecules have a molecular mass of 49 Kd.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical study of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in gynecological tumors and their related lesions].

We have investigated whether monoclonal antibody (PC10) of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) could be useful as a marker of proliferating cells within formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 140 gynecological tumors and their related lesions. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.76) between the labelling index for PCNA and that for Ki67. Immunohistochemical staining for PC10 was confined to the nucleus and showed a diffuse or granular pattern or a mixture of both. The distribution of PC10 staining in non-neoplastic tissues was localized to proliferating cell compartments. In malignant tissues, the localization of the distribution of PCNA-positive cells came to be lost and the proportion of positive cells varied from case to case as well as from field to field within the same tissue section. The cases in which more than 31% of cells were positive for PCNA were as follows: Cervical squamous dysplasia 2/3, squamous carcinoma in situ 2/5, microinvasive squamous carcinoma 2/2, invasive squamous carcinoma 9/13, adenocarcinoma in situ 4/4, microinvasive adenocarcinoma 3/3, invasive adenocarcinoma 6/7, endometrial adenocarcinoma 6/25, ovarian epithelial malignant tumors 11/17, sex cord stromal tumors 2/14, and germ cell tumors 3/22. It is concluded that immunohistochemical staining for PC10 may be useful as a marker for proliferating activity of the cells both in normal and tumor tissues rather than for malignancy.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMed1992

Thermogenesis induced by inhibition of shivering during cold exposure in exercise-trained rats.

The present investigation was conducted to examine the role of nonshivering and shivering thermogenesis caused by cold exposure in exercise-trained rats. Wistar rats were divided into warm-acclimated (WA), exercise-trained (ET) and cold-acclimated (CA) groups. The trachea was cannulated and a ventilator was connected under light anesthesia and in the supine position. Shivering, oxygen consumption, colonic temperature, blood glucose, and free-fatty acids were measured at 25 degrees C and then at 0 degrees C room temperatures. D-tubocurarine chloride (curare, 0.04 mg/100 g body weight, ip) was given to inhibit muscular activity. Cold-induced oxygen consumption in the ET and WA groups did not decrease when shivering was inhibited, whereas it increased in the CA. The magnitude just after shivering onset for the ET and CA groups as significantly greater than for the WA group. Colonic temperature at the onset of shivering was significantly higher in the WA group than in the ET and the CA groups. The blood glucose concentration during cold exposure and curarization was elevated in the ET group, and did not change in the CA or WA groups. The present results suggest that endurance training at a thermoneutral environment increases cold-induced thermogenic capacity in rats, which may be attributed to preferential carbohydrate utilization.

Acclimatization↗

PubMed1991

[Detection of HPV DNA in the uterine cervical lesions by polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization].

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is found in close association with carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix. We applied a new in vitro gene amplification technology, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HPV 16 and 18 in cervical exfoliated cells. HPV infections were detected in 5 (16%) of 31 women with no pathological lesions of the uterine cervix (normal), 16 (24%) of 67 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 6 (38%) of 16 with invasive cervical cancer. Moreover, 10% formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections were prepared from the uterine cervix of these 27 women with PCR-proven HPV infection and were examined for the histological localization of HPV-DNA by in situ hybridization with biotin-labeled DNA probes of HPV types 6/11, 16/18 and 31/33/35. HPV-DNA type 16/18 was detected in 3 of 5 normal women, 2 of 4 CINs I, 2 of 3 CINs II, 6 of 9 CINs III and 6 of 6 invasive cervical cancers. HPV-DNA type 6/11 was detected in 6 of 6 condylomas. Viral DNA sequence was detected in the superficial cells of CIN I and II, and it was distributed through entire thickness layer of undifferentiated cells derived from CIN III and squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, the staining intensity became weak as the lesion progressed. These differences between lesions might be due to the difference in the viral form in the nuclei, ie whether an episomal or integrated form. Thus, an in situ hybridization technique with a biotin-labeled DNA probe as well as the PCR method is useful for the detection of HPV in clinical samples.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1990

Effect of cyclic guanosine monophosphate on hypoxic and angiotensin-II-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.

We examined, in isolated blood perfused rat lungs, the effect of the cell permeable 8-bromo derivative of cGMP on pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by either alveolar hypoxia or angiotensin II. 8-Bromo cGMP dose-dependently reduced both hypoxia-(IC50 = 2.2 X 10(-5) M) and angiotensin-II-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (IC50 = 5.0 X 10(-5) M). This effect of 8-bromo cGMP on pulmonary vasoconstriction was not affected by cyclooxygenase blockade. M & B 22948 (0.1 mM), an inhibitor of cGMP-phosphodiesterase, reduced synergistically with 8-bromo cGMP the hypoxia or angiotensin-II-induced vasoconstriction. The cGMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitor M & B 22948, by itself, selectively reduced hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction, suggesting a modulating effect of endogenous cGMP during hypoxic vasoconstriction.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗

PubMed1990

Embryonal carcinoma of the ovary: a six-year survival.

We report a case of embryonal carcinoma, stage II, arising in the right ovary of an 18-year-old woman. The elevated serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) rapidly normalized after conservative surgery followed by combination chemotherapy. The tumor was composed of large primitive cells and some multinucleated giant cells. AFP and hCG were demonstrated immunohistochemically in each type of cells. She has been disease-free for 6 years.

Adolescent↗