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Biomedical subjects

G Umbach

Publications and source records attributed to G Umbach.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (PIVKA II) and plasma vitamin K1 in newborns and their mothers.

Assessments of the vitamin K status in newborns and their mothers by means of des-gamma-carboxy-prothrombin (PIVKA II) measurement have given equivocal results. Part of the variability could be attributed to differences in sensitivity (i.e. the ability to detect small concentrations) and validity (i.e. ability to detect vitamin K deficiency) of the methods applied. None of these methods have yet been validated with respect to plasma vitamin K1. In 22 healthy mother/infant pairs PIVKA II was determined using three different assays including ratio Xa/ecarin (Xa/ec), crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), and an ELISA with a monoclonal antibody (MAB). The results were compared with conventional clotting tests and plasma vitamin K1. The following results were obtained: Cord blood: Clotting tests within age-related normal ranges; PIVKA II detection rates: 0/22 (Xa/ec), 1/22 (CIE), 4/22 (MAB); plasma vitamin K1: undetectable in 20/22. Mothers: Clotting tests all within normal range; PIVKA II detection rates: 1/22 (Xa/ec), 0/22 (CIE), 5/22 (MAB); plasma vitamin K1 (pg/ml) for all mothers (median; range): 186; 55-833; for PIVKA II positive mothers: 213; 59-699. PIVKA II detectability in newborns and mothers was not correlated. The results show an increase in sensitivity for PIVKA II detection in the order of MAB >> CIE > Xa/ec. Due to the very low plasma vitamin K1 at birth, no correlation was possible between cord PIVKA II detectability and plasma vitamin K1. However, in mothers at term PIVKA II MAB appears to be unrelated to the vitamin K status.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Severe aplastic anemia and pregnancy].

Severe aplastic anaemia was diagnosed in a 24-year-old woman in the 16th week of her pregnancy. She was delivered by cesarean section in the 35th week of a healthy boy, treatment in the intervening period having been exclusively by supportive measures. Allogenic bone marrow transplantation, planned after delivery, had to be cancelled owing to the sudden death of the female donor. Immunosuppressive treatment with antithymocyte globulin, corticosteroids and cyclosporin A failed to improve the haematological picture and the patient died one year after the delivery of intracerebral haemorrhage.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

[Nonpuerperal mastitis. 3 possible causes including mammography correlates].

We present three cases of non-puerperal mastitis including the corresponding mammographies to illustrate three possible causes: mastitis with abscess, artificial mastitis and breast carcinoma. The clinic picture did not reveal the cause of mastitis. Ultrasonography and mammography should be performed early in the evaluation of non-puerperal mastitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Beta-endorphin in premature labor and in mature newborn infants following vaginal and abdominal delivery].

Umbilical venous plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in 20 premature and 30 mature newborn infants after vaginal delivery or elective caesarean section were determined by specific RIA. In the premature infants the beta-endorphin levels after vaginal and abdominal delivery were significantly higher than in mature newborns. Our data indicate that for premature infants the delivery is more stressful and therefore most likely the release of beta-endorphin from the pituitary is more pronounced. Since high opioid levels can cause respiratory and circulatory difficulties, premature infants are exposed to risk of these problems.

Bradycardia↗
PubMed1988

Localization of 99mTc-diphosphonates in newly formed bone matrix as a measure of bone lesion detectability.

The lesion-to-normal-bone ratios of DBA-MDP (dibutylamino-methylene-diphosphonate), DPD (dicarboxypropane-diphosphonate) and MDP (methylene-diphosphonate) each labeled with 99mTc, were evaluated in experimental bone lesions. In 3-day old lesions this ratio was increased twofold for DBA-MDP in comparison with MDP and DPD which showed nearly equal ratios. Later on these differences became negligibly small. It is concluded that 99mTc-DBA-MDP is fixed more strongly in the immature bone matrix and that this will lead to an improvement in the detectability of lesions containing larger amounts of immature bone matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Differential cytotoxic activity of chemotherapy agents on colony-forming cells from human tumors and normal bone marrow in vitro.

We have compared the in vitro differential killing efficacy of doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, cis-platinum, etoposide, and bleomycin on human tumor cells in a new adhesive tumor cell culture system (ATCCS), and on normal bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (GM-CFUC) in culture. All of the above chemotherapy agents were tested with continuous exposure against tumor cells and GM-CFUC. In addition, bleomycin was also tested with a short (60 min) exposure against GM-CFUC. In order to determine chemosensitivity against all five drugs, 48 tumor specimens from patients with heterogeneous tumor types were tested in the ATCCS. Each drug was tested at three different concentrations corresponding to their lethal doses against GM-CFUC. Our results show that all five drugs exhibited a dose-response relationship against tumor cells and GM-CFUC. Bleomycin also showed a pronounced GM-CFUC-sparing quality with 60-min exposure even at very high concentrations (86% survival of GM-CFUC at 10 micrograms/ml and 48% at 50 micrograms/ml). In addition, it has a high tumor response rate with continuous exposure at low concentrations (67% at GM-CFUC LD5 and 91% at LD40). These data suggest that the comparison of differential cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs between tumor cells and bone marrow cells may serve as a model to select agents suitable for in vitro chemotherapy of bone marrow for the purpose of autologous bone marrow transplantation. In particular, bleomycin appears very attractive and deserves further investigation.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1984

Review of tumor markers for ovarian cancer.

Forty-two substances having been described as potential tumor markers for ovarian cancer are reviewed regarding sensitivity, specificity, and correlation with clinical course of disease. At present, there is no reliable marker for the primary diagnosis of the vast majority of ovarian cancers. Tumor markers may however serve as adjunctive tools in monitoring ovarian cancer patients after treatment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗