Biomedical subjects

G Van Rij

Publications and source records attributed to G Van Rij.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in the Netherlands: several surgical techniques compared.

In order to investigate the incidence of endophthalmitis following various types of cataract surgery, we sent a questionnaire to the members of the Dutch Intraocular Implant Club (NIOIC). Retrospectively, information was obtained about the number of performed cataract extractions, the techniques used, and the number of patients with postoperative endophthalmitis. To estimate bias by underreporting, we calculated the nationwide incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in the same period of time. The response rate to the questionnaire was 51.2%. In the reporting group the incidence of endophthalmitis was 0.11%. This incidence was comparable with the calculated nationwide incidence (0.15%). Comparison between the incidences after phacoemulsification (0.10%) and after other techniques (0.16%) showed no significant difference in the questionnaire group. A complicated cataract extraction preceded 12 out of the 38 reported cases with endophthalmitis. In conclusion, the incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in the Netherlands is comparable with the incidence reported in literature. The occurrence of complications during surgery rather than the technique used affects on the development of endophthalmitis.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMed2000

Acute bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract extraction: results of treatment.

In order to evaluate the results, we reviewed all 34 patients treated in our hospital for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery between January 1994 and January 1998. After cultures were taken, all patients received intraocular, subconjunctival and topical vancomycin and ceftazidime. Additionally, twelve patients received the same antibiotics systemically. Besides steroids were administered in all patients. In 79% of the patients the bacterial culture was positive. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most frequently isolated microorganism (48%). After treatment a visual acuity of 0.1 or more was achieved in 62% of the patients. The best final results were achieved in the patients with an initial visual acuity of 1/300 or more, and in the patients from whom a coagulase negative Staphylococcus was isolated.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1998

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antibodies after orthotropic penetrating keratoplasty in rats treated with dichloromethylene diphosphonate encapsulated liposomes.

PURPOSE: To investigate the immunological basis for the prolonged corneal allograft survival after subconjunctival injections of liposomes filled with dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP-LIP). METHODS: F344 rats received orthotropic DA corneal grafts. One group of rats was treated with subconjunctival injections of Cl2MDP-LIP on days 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 postoperatively, the control groups received no treatment. Nineteen or 42 days postoperatively cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity was measured in the lymph nodes draining the grafted and the contralateral eyes, in the spleen and the mesenteric lymph nodes. Sera taken at the same time points were tested for presence of lytic alloantibodies. RESULTS: On day 19 CTL activity in submandibular lymph nodes draining the grafted eyes was similar in the 2 groups. In the mesenteric lymph nodes high CTL activity was found in the untreated rats and low in the Cl2MDP-LIP rats. The spleen showed high CTL activity in the untreated group but no activity in the liposome group. Forty two days postoperatively a decline in CTL activity was seen in both groups. Complement dependent anti-donor antibodies were absent in the Cl2MDP-LIP group at both time points whereas antibodies were present on days 19 and 42 in the untreated group. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated subconjunctival injection of Cl2MDP-LIP restricts the induction of cellular cytotoxicity against donor antigens to the regional lymph nodes and suppresses cytotoxic antibody formation.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Influx of immunoglobulins from the vascular compartment into a grafted cornea.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of a fresh corneal wound or a healed corneal scar on the immunodiffusion of immunoglobulins into the cornea. METHODS: F344 rats were immunized with human serum albumin (HSA) 1 week before an autologous rotational keratoplasty of the right cornea or 1 year after an autograft was performed. One group of rats also was treated with gentamicin-dexamethasone ointment in the grafted eye for 1 week after transplantation to reduce the postsurgical inflammatory signs. A serum sample was drawn every week and booster injections with HSA were given after 2 and 3 weeks. At various times after immunization, groups of rats were killed, blood and aqueous humor samples were taken, and the corneas of both eyes were removed. The corneas were divided into the graft or a 3-mm central button and the peripheral rim and weighed. The anti-HSA titer was determined in serum, aqueous humor, and both parts of the corneas. RESULTS: Up to 5 weeks after transplantation, the grafted cornea contained more anti-HSA immunoglobulins than did the control eye. One year postgrafting, no difference was seen. In the first weeks after keratoplasty, influx of anti-HSA from the peripheral into the central cornea was, however, neither obstructed nor enhanced. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical trauma in itself causes increased influx of anti-HSA immunoglobulins into the cornea. Within the cornea, a wound or a scar does not appear to be a barrier for centripetal immunoglobulin diffusion.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Comparative study of three semiautomated specular microscopes.

We compared two clinical video-assisted specular microscopes (Zeiss, noncontact, and the wide-field Keeler Konan sp 3300, contact) with an autofocus microscope (Konan noncon Robo-ca sp 8000, noncontact) with built-in analyzing software by studying the morphometry of the central corneal endothelium of 12 eyes in 12 patients. The mean coefficients of variation of the cell size analysis of three successive images per cornea for the three methods were 3.9%, 4.0%, and 2.2%, respectively. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference in the mean cell area measured with the three methods; there was no significant difference in the results of hexagonality (pleomorphism) and coefficient of variation (polymegathism). Although each microscope showed a high reproducibility, we do not recommend using the three interchangeably. The Konan noncon Robo-ca sp 8000 specular microscope provides a rapid morphometric endothelial analysis. The Keeler Konan sp 3300 is better for more detailed studies and photography of the corneal endothelium.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats treated with subconjunctival injections of liposomes containing dichloromethylene diphosphonate.

PURPOSE: The drug dichloromethylene diphosphonate (CL2MDP) encapsulated in liposomes depletes macrophages but not other immunocompetent cells. The authors investigated whether subconjunctival injection of CL2MDP containing liposomes (CL2MDP-LIP) could prolong survival of corneal allografts in rats. METHODS: Male Fisher rats received orthotopic corneal grafts of Dark Agouti origin. Rats were treated postoperatively with subconjunctival injections of 0.1 ml CL2MDP-LIP at the time of transplantation and on days 2, 4, 6, and 8 after transplantation. Control groups received either liposomes containing phosphate-buffered saline subconjunctivally at the same time points or no additional treatment. Corneal grafts were evaluated every other day and were scored for neovascularization, opacity, and edema. Immunohistologic evaluation was performed 12 and 19 days after surgery. RESULTS: Corneal grafts in both control groups were rejected within 17 days. In the Cl2MDP-LIP treated rats, grafts were not rejected during the maximum follow-up of 100 days. Cellular infiltration in these grafts was clearly reduced. There was also a strong reduction in neovascularization of the cornea. CONCLUSIONS: Rejection of orthotopic allogeneic corneal grafts could be prevented by repeated subconjunctival injection of Cl2MDP-LIP.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Negative implant. A retrospective study.

Implantation of a negative power intraocular lens is one of the options for surgical correction of high myopia. We studied 36 eyes with a Fechner Worst Claw Lens, implanted in Groningen between March 1987 and November 1991. The preoperative myopia ranged from -7.00 to -30.00 diopters. Twenty one eyes had a follow up period of more than 12 months. The IOL power was calculated with the van der Heyde method. Correction within 1 diopters of emmetropia has been achieved in 55.5% of the cases. Deviation of more than 2 diopters occurred in 25%. In 24 eyes the best corrected postoperative visual acuity improved. Due to the IOL the retinal image increases in size as compared to spectacle correction. In none of the cases complications were encountered during surgery. In the postoperative period one IOL had to be replaced because of an error made in the calculation of the lens power. In one case endothelial decompensation occurred, probably due to a combination of compulsive eye rubbing and a preexisting cornea guttata. The rim of the IOL optic is the part which is the closet to the endothelium. Our recommendation is that one should avoid indentation of the cornea. No other serious complications occurred in this study.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Causes of high astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty.

We retrospectively evaluated the factors which might have caused excessive corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in 29 eyes, in which surgical correction of astigmatism was indicated. In 18 eyes high astigmatism (5 diopters or more) existed before suture removal probably due to graft elevation (3x), wound dehiscence (3x), wound configuration abnormalities such as ovality/overcut (8x), and a thin recipient cornea (2x). The cause was unknown in 2 eyes. In 19 eyes the astigmatism considerably increased after all sutures were removed; astigmatism increased an average of 8.8 diopters (range, 5 to 16.5 D). Ten of these 19 patients showed graft elevation, despite the fact that the sutures were only removed after an average 22.9 months. In 3 other patients the astigmatism gradually increased over the years, long after suture removal; two of these showed graft elevation. The study demonstrates the possible instability of keratoplasty wounds, the change in astigmatism after suture removal, and the late apparently spontaneous changes in astigmatism after PKP in some eyes.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Effect of donor cornea preservation in tissue culture and in McCarey-Kaufmann medium on corneal graft rejection and visual acuity.

In a retrospective study the rate of rejection and clouding of the donor cornea for other reasons was investigated in 230 penetrating keratoplasties performed between 1984-1986. Donor corneas were stored in McCarey-Kaufmann Medium (MK) at 4 degrees C or in a modified Minimal Essential Medium (MEM) at 31 degrees C. No statistical differences in rejection rate, cloudiness due to other causes or visual acuity was found between MEM- and MK-stored donor corneas.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Immune electron microscopy and a cultural test in the diagnosis of adenovirus ocular infection.

Immune electron microscopy (IEM) and virus isolation in cell culture were compared in the diagnosis of adenovirus ocular infection during an outbreak of the disease in 1979. Eleven of 14 patients with a keratoconjunctivitis clinically indicative of adenovirus infection had IEM evidence of adenovirus infection or had the virus isolated from ocular swabs. The IEM was positive in 8 patients. Virus as isolated from 10 patients. IEM was positive in one culture negative patient. Since IEM provides a rapid and sensitive method for the detection of adenovirus in human tears, it may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the clinician.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The happy patient.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Opaque iris claw lens in a phakic eye to correct acquired diplopia.

A 25-year-old man had diplopia caused by abducens nerve paresis on both sides after cranial injury. Because of the patient's reports of persistent diplopia after surgical correction, a specially manufactured, tinted iris claw lens was implanted in the left eye, with the crystalline lens in situ. Fourteen years after surgery, specular microscopy was performed to evaluate the corneal endothelium. The difference in mean endothelial cell density in both eyes was 18.6%. The difference between eyes in polygonality and polymegathism was not significant.

Adult↗