[Wandering spleen: unusual case of pelvic mass].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
G Vella
Publications and source records attributed to G Vella.
Enhanced replication of M-tropic HIV-1 strains in Herpesvirus saimiri immortalised T-cells which express CCR5.
A better characterisation of mononuclear cell-tropic (M-tropic) HIV-1 is central to disease control as these viruses predominate in disease transmission. M-tropic viruses do not replicate in conventional T-cell lines, and virus titres obtained in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are low. Human T-lymphocytes which have been immortalised by Herpesvirus saimiri strain C488 (HVS T-cells) are highly permissive to the replication of T-cell tropic strains of HIV. This study aimed to determine if HVS T-cells support replication of M-tropic HIV isolates that have not been adapted to conventional T-cell lines. A panel of PBMC low passage/primary field isolates and their molecular clones was used. Results show that infection in HVS T-cells was longer lived than in PBMC. In terms of peak virus titre and duration of productive infection, the two HVS T-cell lines studied were superior to PBMC, and one supported enhanced replication of all M-tropic isolates. This is important for generating M-tropic virus pools of sufficient titre for further biological studies such as virus neutralisation, co receptor usage and testing of antivirals. Phenotypic analysis showed that HVS T-cells are CD4+-activated memory cells expressing both CXCR-4 and CCR5 co receptors. Thus, HVS immortalisation appears to select for the T-cell subset targeted by HIV-1 in vivo.
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
Experimental test of harmonic contribution to the thermal index for soft tissue.
Experimental data were gathered for the heating effect of an ultrasound beam propagating in water and incident on a thermal test object containing artificial tissue in which a fine-wire thermocouple was embedded close to the beam entrance. The extent of temperature elevations in the artificial tissue was limited by using a constant low value for spatial peak temporal average ultrasound intensity so that the medium did not denature. The adjusted (for continuous wave conditions) maximum temperatures reached in a fixed exposure time initially increased linearly with increase in the spatial peak pulse average ultrasound intensity, but, for the higher values of this parameter, exceeded that expected from a linear relationship. In addition to the fundamental frequency, significant higher frequencies were present in the beam at high intensities, which caused additional enhancement of the ultrasound heating. Calculations of W(DEG) for evaluation of the thermal index should include the evaluation of the heating contributions from all frequencies present in the beam.
Agar↗
Psychopathological considerations on the relationship between bulimia and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
The relationship between eating disorders, impulse control disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder as part of a so-called 'obsessive-compulsive spectrum' is discussed, with particular emphasis on the relationship between eating disorders (particularly bulimia) and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The empirical studies on comorbidity, personality and familiarity are briefly reviewed. Both similarities and differences found in personality, body image, mental rumination, fears, physical exercises, rituals, impulses (bulimic binging and obsessive impulses) and purging behaviors of these patients are discussed from a psychopathological point of view. In particular the importance of distinguishing between obsessive thoughts and prevalent (dominant) thoughts is underlined; the distinctions between repetitive weight controls, physical exercises and purging behaviors of eating disorder patients on the one hand and compulsions on the other, and the distinction between binge impulses and obsessive impulses, are also stressed.
Anorexia Nervosa↗
Successful paroxetine treatment of major depression in an adult form of metachromatic leukodystrophy with cognitive disturbances.
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Adult↗
Rapid purification and monitoring of immunoglobulin M from ascites by perfusion ion-exchange chromatography.
A purification and on-line monitoring procedure for IgM was developed. Perfusion ion-exchange chromatography was used for rapid purification of IgM from ascites fluid and hybridoma supernatant. Crude ascites was directly loaded onto an ion exchanger. Due to the complexity of IgM, a two-step ion-exchange procedure had to be developed. This procedure involved a rapid cation-exchange chromatography capture step followed by further purification using anion-exchange chromatography. High linear velocities, in excess of 3500 cm/h, enabled separations to be performed under 5 min. Purity of the final product by SDS-PAGE was shown to be greater than 95%. Furthermore, the antibodies retained biological activity as measured by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and ELISA. The IgM peak was also monitored on-line using a novel peak tracking approach. This involved placing an antibody column (specific to the IgM) prior to the ion-exchange column and operating the ion-exchange column with and without the antibody column in-line. The missing peak that is identified by comparing the two chromatograms indicates where the IgM elutes.
Animals↗
Principles and methods for the analysis and purification of synthetic deoxyribonucleotides by high-performance liquid chromatography.
The need for high-purity oligodeoxyribonucleotides for various applications has resulted in the development of novel synthesis, purification, and analytical techniques. A diversity of methods, including polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, as well as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), have been successfully used to aid in the characterization and isolation of these synthetic compounds. The information contained in this review article primarily details both the theoretical and practical aspects related to the use of HPLC for the analysis and purification of synthetic DNA. In addition, a variety of postsynthesis sample preparation protocols, commonly employed prior to and after HPLC, are described.
Biotechnology↗
Analysis and purification of synthetic oligonucleotides by high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
Analysis of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides by capillary gel electrophoresis and anion-exchange HPLC.
Polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis has been traditionally used for the analysis of synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides. As the demand for oligonucleotides of high purity has increased, a need for additional high resolution analytical techniques has arisen. This report describes the principles and application of capillary gel electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of synthetic DNA varying in base composition and length. From the results of a series of comparative experiments, the relative advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed.
Base Sequence↗
Transactions in the family of the schizophrenic.
According to a large exemplification derived by the clinical practice, the relation between the schizophrenic's parents shows a concealed symmetry, that never escalates, but implies an endless excitement, that reassures the couple of their mutual consensus. As result, inhibition and inconclusiveness cause a loss of spontaneity and a reciprocal stereotyped characterization, connivingly accepted by both partners. Either a substitution without proxy or a swindle of one spouse by the other occurs in vital areas of their relation. The spouse's communication shows a continuous reciprocal attempt not to define their own relation, by the use of a wide wordiness, that includes different subjects and meanings in a confusive and spiral-shaped sequence. Such a kind of relation is assumed as originated by a massy influence of at least one spouse's family, that stops the couple at early stages of their relation.
Adult↗
Interactive typology in depression according to cognitive theory and systemic theory.
Both systemic and cognitive theories agree upon the importance of early learning in the development of depressive personality. The two theories disagree upon the meaning they give to the early experiences. According to cognitive theory the emotions bound to a significant and not reparable loss turn themselves into a pursuit of autonomy in order to prevent further grieves. In the grown-up person if autonomy is not reached or is lost, a depressive episode will rouse. According to the systemic theory, children learn emotions and behaviours of a depressed parent. The child also learns by himself or through the healthy parent the feeling of importance/inability to help. The grown-up person will make use of the depressed behaviour when he will feel unable to face by himself critical life events or to elice to care or attention by the partner.
Adult↗
The relational history of the family with a schizophrenic member.
Coherently with the systemic view, the authors consider the family interaction patterns in schizophrenia. Some typical redundant behaviours in the family system appear to be typical of the schizophrenic family. The authors investigate the family system and story through the international literature. Special emphasis in this work is placed upon the modalities of weaning from the parental figures, the conjugal bind of the parents and the interactive patterns with grandparents. In order to study these binds and according with many authors a fictitious family history is reported.
Adult↗
Attachment and detachment processes as a typological index of relational systems.
Attachment and detachment processes, as defined by modern attachment theories, place them as integrative between innate and acquired behaviors, like a regulatory system for every close relationship. As a consequence, family attachment styles, which proceed-throughout development-together with personal identity construction processes, stress the notion of relationship as a dialectical and interactive process, defining the irreducible duality of human experience, in which the personal individuality construction is linked, since the earliest phases of life, to the significant relationships. Dysfunctional patterns of attachment and detachment and self-construction processes interact in defining personal organizations one can observe in psychopathological situations; some clinical examples are proposed.
Affect↗
Relationship patterns in "folie à deux".
"Folie à deux" is characterized by the communication of delusional ideas from one subject to other ones who have been living closely with him for a long time, usually his relatives. Before illness shows, there is a leader-follower relationship between partners, who are lacking of external sources of pleasure and are socially or culturally isolated. The dominating partner usually is a paranoic subject who strongly needs his ideas to be accepted by other people, while the dominated partner is a dependent subject who shares the other one's ideas in order to get pleasure from him and who is not able to criticize these ideas because of the lack for external influences. The two partners project hostility into the external world because, if the dominated partner does not share the other one's ideas, hostility will be projected into him and he will become very anxious. Interpersonal mechanisms in "folie à deux" are similar to those which take place in brainwashing, hypnosis and psychotherapy.
Humans↗
Integrated history in a psychiatric ward.
The present study begins from the hypothesis that the psychiatric admission can be considered to be, in many cases, a symptomatical act in which the patient, his family, the relational context that sends him and the institution as a whole take part. Such hypothesis has become necessary at the moment of the request for hospitalization, together with news from the patient and from his context about: the sender, the motivations, the type of request, the type of the insufficiency-urgency it is responding, the phenomenon of the "presenting disturbance", a greater definition of the problem by everyone... This work will have the object to look for a correlation between the course of the illness and the life cycle, to attempt to give a historicity of the crisis and the request of the hospitalization, too often presented, lived, received and cured as historically closed.
Family Health↗
Couple relationship in hysterical patients staying in a psychiatric ward.
The study starts from the observation about the high frequency of hysteric patient that spontaneously ask the psychiatric admission often with a consent of the husband. The hospitalization has revealed important clinical information, gained by the use of integrated story. In fact extending the observation about the familiar context of the hysteric patient, and in particular to the interaction with the partner, have showed some redundance: 1) patient were especially household; 2) with a lower education level; 3) were married with sons in the age of independency; 4) live important life events; 5) the husbands were often involved with the families of origin; 6) the symptomatology presented; 7) the beginning of the symptomatology often happen after the marriage and the birth of the first son; 8) the husbands of these patients present mostly an obsessive personality with hypochondriac manner; 9) the patient often manifest several dissatisfied request.
Classification↗
Typologies of family reaction to pediatric malignancies.
The psychologic adaptation of children with malignancies is influenced by the strategies that both the relatives and the other members of the family employ as a reaction towards the disease and the therapeutic progress. Our experience in the Department of Hematology of the University "La Sapienza": by carefully observing the communication styles, the distribution of roles, and the modification of the family organization up to the eventual adaptation to the disease, we have been able to identify various reaction typologies of the family, and also to evaluate their frequency and their varying functionality with time. A thorough analysis of these modalities of reaction may allow prompt recognition of problems related with psychologic and social adaptation of both the pediatric patient and his family, and may allow the adoption of pertinent strategies of intervention, in order to guarantee a better compliance throughout the whole therapy.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Interactive patterns in the schizophrenic family during hospitalization.
Our research is based on the cases of 40 patients diagnosed as schizophrenics and the patterns of their family interaction at the moment of the hospitalization, in order to formulate an initial analysis of the reason of admission as the first phase in a therapeutic process. With this intent the authors have conducted a catamnestic research on the charts of patients who have been divided in three groups according to the presence or absence of the parents. The following variables have been therefore taken into consideration: the referrals, her/his behavior at the moment of hospitalization, expectations and difficulties in widening the field of observation within the family.
Adolescent↗