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Biomedical subjects

G Volpin

Publications and source records attributed to G Volpin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Osteomyelitis of the femoral neck caused by a pencil stab wound.

A unique case of osteomyelitis of the femoral neck of an eleven-year-old boy, following a stab wound by a lead pencil, with reactive synovitis of the hip joint is presented. The clinical course simulated that of acute septic arthritis and was diagnosed by various imaging modalities. Following operation and systemic antibiotic treatment, the patient improved dramatically. The role of sonography in the presence of inflammatory conditions around the hip joint is emphasized.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1991

Sonography in the diagnosis of painful hips.

We report our use of linear sonography in evaluating painful and irritable hips. Images were correlated with the clinical course and outcome, and other methods of diagnostic imaging. Sonography demonstrated the anatomical structures of the hip, the joint space and capsule. A significant increase of joint space due to the progressive development of intra-articular fluid was found in patients with transient synovitis, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the femoral neck. Sonography and CT scanning appear to be the most reliable methods of making an early diagnosis of various hip disorders. Both allow serial examination for evaluating the patients' clinical progress. Sonography has the advantages of being noninvasive, cheap, easy to use, and devoid of irradiation or any other known complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The surgical treatment of severe comminuted intraarticular fractures of the distal radius with the small AO external fixation device. A prospective three-and-one-half-year follow-up study.

Although fractures of the distal radius are very common, an optimal treatment has not been clearly delineated. This is a prospective study of 40 patients, mainly young and active adults, with comminuted and unstable intraarticular fractures of the distal radius. The end results of closed reduction and rigid fixation with the small AO external fixator includes 36 patients (90%) with excellent and good results. Roentgenograms of 33 of these patients showed accurate alignment of the healed fractures. Four patients (10%) had a fair functional result, with a partial restriction of the range of movement, although roentgenograms demonstrated good alignment of the healed fractures. The small AO external fixator is both a useful and convenient method for the reconstruction and treatment of comminuted intraarticular fractures of the distal radius.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Complete infraclavicular brachial plexus palsy with occlusion of axillary vessels following anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint.

Two cases of complete infraclavicular brachial plexus palsy after anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint are reported. Both patients had transient motor brachial plexus paralysis and extensive anesthesia of the whole upper limb. Additionally, one of them had occlusion of the axillary vessels. Vascular recovery occurred immediately after manipulation and reduction of the affected shoulder joint. Neurological recovery occurred 9 to 12 months later in both cases without surgery, other than closed reductions. Such neurological and vascular complications after anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint are unique.

Axillary Artery↗
PubMed1990

Degenerative arthritis after intra-articular fractures of the knee. Long-term results.

We reviewed 31 of 33 consecutive patients with intra-articular fractures of the knee at 6 to 22 years (average 14). Of these, 77% had excellent or good results; the others had various degrees of degenerative osteoarthritis. There was no significant difference between the results after surgical or conservative treatment. Secondary degeneration was not related to cause or type of fracture, but its incidence increased with the patient's age at the time of injury, though not with the length of follow-up. Early mobilisation appeared to be beneficial in preventing later degenerative changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cast or external fixation for fracture of the distal radius. A prospective study of 126 cases.

In a prospective 4-year study, 126 consecutive patients with a fracture of the distal radius were followed. Functional, anatomic, and radiographic final results of fixation with above-the-elbow cast immobilization were compared with the results obtained with external fixation. The results following external fixation of comminuted intraarticular fractures were better than those of similar fractures treated in a cast. Aged osteoporotic patients tolerated better residual deformities, and the clinical results had a relatively low correlation with the final anatomic alignment. We suggest that extraarticular fractures of the distal radius should be treated with cast immobilization. Comminuted intraarticular fractures of the distal radius should be treated with external fixation, which maintains accurate anatomic position until solid fracture healing is achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Stress fractures of the femoral neck following strenuous activity.

Stress fractures of the femoral neck following sustained strenuous physical activity are uncommon. In 194 military recruits in elite basic training who had sustained 257 stress fractures, most of them in long bone diaphyses, nine such fractures were located in the femoral neck. Seven of these fractures were transverse and undisplaced, and were treated successfully by bed rest and non-weight bearing for 6-8 weeks. The other two fractures displaced into a varus position. One of them was treated successfully by manipulation and plaster of paris spica immobilization. Solid union of the fracture followed within 3 months. The second displaced fracture was treated by two successive procedures of internal fixation because it did not unite after the first intervention and slipped again into varus position. It is therefore suggested that unstable stress fractures of the femoral neck should be initially operated on and stabilized by rigid internal fixation, in order to avoid displacement and severe disability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Lower limb pain and disability following strenuous activity.

One hundred five military recruits were evaluated in our outpatient clinic for pain in the lower limb following prolonged sustained physical effort and strain. Plain x-ray investigations augmented by technetium-99m polyphosphate demonstrated the presence of 80 stress fractures in 52.4% of the patients. None of the patients had any anatomical abnormalities of the lower limbs. Of the stress fractures seen, 82.5% were located in the tibial and femoral diaphyses and 16.2% were in the small bones of the foot. Plain radiography gave false negative results in 87.3% of documented fractures. The remaining 47.6% of these recruits had no evidence of stress fractures. However, 74% of them had various anatomical deformities of the lower limb, mainly of the feet. Correction of these deformities enabled these patients to return to previous strenuous activities of their basic military training. The pathogenesis of stress fractures is still not understood. However, the development of persistent pain in the lower limb following prolonged sustained intensive physical activity needs further investigation. Anatomical deformities may be associated with development of stress fractures.

Cumulative Trauma Disorders↗
PubMed1989

Stress fractures of the sacrum following strenuous activity.

Three military recruits developed stress fractures in the sacral wing during rigorous elite basic training. Stress fractures in the sacrum have previously not been reported in a healthy population. Sacrum, like every bone of the pelvis and the lower limb that participates in weight bearing, may be susceptible to stress fracture following sustained excessive physical activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The demonstration of bone and cartilage remodelling using alcian blue and hematoxylin.

A new staining technique based on alcian blue and hematoxylin was used during the study of experimentally produced fractures in long bone. The distinction between cartilage, woven bone, mature bone and necrotic bone during successive stages of the fracture healing process was particularly remarkable. This method was found also to be very useful in the study of general tissue morphology. It is suggested that this postdecalcification light microscopy staining method is suitable for studies of cartilage and bone development with particular reference to ossification, remodelling and bone pathology.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of alkaline phosphatase activity in experimentally produced callus in rats.

Experimentally produced fractures in long bones studied by light and electron microscopic histochemistry were found to heal by a process of enchondral calcification. There was intense proliferation in the cells of the cambium layer of the periosteum, with differentiation to chondroblasts and osteoblasts, suggesting that this layer was the primary tissue responsible for development of the callus. Cytoplasmic processes of the hypertrophic chondrocytes appeared to bud and produce matrix vesicles. Alkaline phosphatase activity was detected along the plasma membrane of the hypertrophic chondrocytes and around the matrix vesicles, before any signs of mineral deposition. Calcification took place by deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in and around these matrix vesicles which frequently showed alkaline phosphatase activity. It is suggested that there is a close functional association between alkaline phosphatase activity and calcification in the process of fracture healing, which is another type of enchondral calcification mediated by matrix vesicles.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Acute rupture of the lateral ligaments of the ankle joint, diagnosis and surgical treatment.

A useful method for the diagnosis of acute rupture of the lateral ligament of the ankle joint is presented. Twenty-three patients with ruptures of the lateral ligament of the ankle joint were treated surgically with suture of the lateral ligaments of the ankle. Accurate preoperative diagnosis with stress films and arthrography under local anesthesia of the ankle joint is imperative. No instances of infection or other complications were observed. All patients achieved a normal range of ankle function within three to six months. Radiograhs of the injured ankle in the forced inversion position following operation showed full stability of the ankle joint. In our opinion, all ankle injuries should be examined roentgenographically with forced inversion of the foot. Tilting of the talus of at least 10 degrees must be followed by arthrography of the ankle joint under local anesthesia. If there is leakage of contrast material along the peroneal tendon sheaths and around the joint cavity, the lateral ligament of the ankle must be sutured immediately in order to regain stability of the ankle joint.

Ankle Injuries↗