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Biomedical subjects

G W Middleton

Publications and source records attributed to G W Middleton.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Long-term followup of anterior urethral transposition in female patients with neurogenic bladder.

Between 1961 and 1976, 13 carefully selected female patients with neurogenic bladders and incontinence refractory to other conservative therapy (9 patients) or deteriorating upper urinary tracts (4 patients) underwent anterior urethral transposition. Followup averaging 6 years revealed minimal stomal problems and excellent preservation of renal function. The surgical technique with modifications is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of obstruction of renal metabolism. Renal tissue metabolite concentration after alpha-ketoglutarate infusion.

beta-Hydroxybutyrate and/or alpha-ketoglutarate were infused into awake, resing dogs after varying periods of unilateral ureteral obstruction. The animals were then anesthetized, and the kidneys rapidly excised and frozen in liquid nitrogen. While maintained at temperatures below -60 C, the frozen kidneys were separated into cortical and medullary fractions. The concentrations of alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamate, lactate, pyruvate, citrate, and malate were determined in both cortical and medullary renal tissue. The induction of reversible renal damage by 2 weeks of obstruction was associated with decreased ability to accumulate alpha-ketoglutarate after alpha-ketoglutarate and/or beta-hydroxybutyrate infusion. The induction of irreversible renal damage by 6 weeks of obstruction was associated with the inability to produce or accumulate (i) alpha-ketoglutarate, (ii) lactate, (iii) citrate, or (iv) malate after infusion of alpha-ketoglutarate and/or beta-hydroxybutyrate. The metabolic changes induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction indicatr that aerobic metabolism is inhibited with the virtual elimination of many aerobic reacions in the irreversibly damaged kidney. The reversibly damaged kidney is capable carrying on certain aerobic reactions but usually at a diminished rate. Differences in the extent and character of the metabolic changes induced by ureteral obstruction may make it possible to predict the degree of renal damage and, therefore, recoverability.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1977

Effects of ureteral obstruction on the renal metabolism of alpha-ketoglutarate and other substrates in vivo.

The renal metabolims of alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamate, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and citrate during the infusion of beta-hydroxybutyrate and/or alpha-ketoglutarate was evaluated in vivo in the awake, resting dog after varying periods of unilateral ureteral obstruction. The induction of reversible renal damage by 2 weeks of obstruction was associated with (i) decreased utilization of alpha-ketoglutarate and oxygen; (ii) decreased production of carbon dioxide; (iii) elevated respiratory quotient; and (iv) nearly complete lack of citrate production. The induction of irreversible renal damage by 6 weeks of obstruction was associated with (i) a nearly total absence of alpha-ketoglutarate utilization; (ii) a markedly decreased amount of oxygen utilization and carbon dioxide production; (iii) a normal respiratory quotient; and (iv) a nearly total absence of citrate production. The metabolic changes observed after obstruction indicate that aerobic metabolism is inhibited by either reversible or irreversible renal damage. However, certain anaerobic reactions continued in the reversibly damaged kidney. Differences in the extent and character of metabolic changes may make it possible to predict the degree of renal damage.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1976

Eye protection from light radiation.

It appears that green absorptive lenses are highly desirable for the purposes of shielding the eyes against light radiation from molten metal during the casting and soldering procedures. The dental laboratory technicians have experienced no after-images, less eye fatigue, and no adverse symptoms when using these lenses, as were reported previously. The lenses not only effectively protect the eyes from the injurious light wavelengths, but they also provide for enough normal (as well as individually corrected) vision to accomplish any procedure necessary in the dental laboratory. We propose that the green absorptive lenses, with individual corrections if needed, be considered for dental laboratory technicians during dental laboratory procedures when needed, such as during casting and soldering, to protect their eyes from light radiation.

Color↗
PubMed1976

Two rare cases of ectopic testis.

A case of pubopenile testis and a case of perineal ectopic testis are presented. The mechanism of descensus is largely positive, possibly facilitated by raised intra-abdominal pressure. The testis is usually guided by the gubernaculum and ectopia results from gubernacular failure. The ectopic testis is relatively rare but is easily recognized and treated by orchiopexy.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Sex-linked familial reflux.

A family is described in which all 3 brothers and the maternal grandfather had vesicoureteral reflux, whereas the father, mother and 3 daughters were urologically normal. This pedigree strongly suggests and X-linked mode of genetic transmission. Nevertheless, available evidence indicates that familial reflux is usually transmitted by multifactorial polygenic inheritance. Hundreds of additional pedigrees will have to be studied before the methods of inheritance are firmly established.

Adolescent↗