PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G W Trinca

Publications and source records attributed to G W Trinca.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons and trauma care.

This presentation is an account of the involvement of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in trauma care over the past 25 years. In October 1969 a 3 day seminar was held at the College entitled 'The Management of Road Traffic Casualties'. This was in response to an increasing demand for the College to combat the devastating effects resulting from road traffic accidents. By the mid-60s road trauma in Australia and New Zealand, as seen in other fully motorized countries, had reached epidemic proportions. Those directly involved in the care of surgical emergencies were aware of the frequency and severity of road trauma which was striking all sections of the community. Unlike the USA, Australia was not troubled by a high incidence of penetrating injuries due to guns and knives.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1992

Correlation between injury severity scores and subjective ratings of injury severity: a basis for trauma audit.

A retrospective review of 1900 road accident victims attending the emergency departments of two Melbourne hospitals was undertaken to identify Injury Severity Score levels which could distinguish between minor, moderate, severe and critical injury. Injuries scoring ISS 6 or below were designated 'minor' because they were associated with a low risk of requiring admission to hospital. Case notes of patients scoring above ISS 6 were then reviewed by a panel of clinicians, who independently rated each patient's overall injury severity as moderate, severe or critical according to what was recorded in the notes and their 'clinical' judgement. ISS values were compared with clinicians' ratings. Measures of each clinician's individual rating consistency, and correlation between pairs of clinicians with respect to inter-rater consistency, were made. By combining data from both hospitals it emerged that 'moderate' injury corresponded to ISS 8-13, 'severe' to ISS 14-20 and 'critical' to ISS 21 and above. These ISS breakpoints will be useful in selecting groups of injured patients for future trauma audit studies.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1979

The pattern of motor cycle injuries sustained by motor cyclists in Victoria in 1974 and 1975.

Motor cycle injuries and fatalities (2.4% annually) represent a serious threat to the youth of Australia. This survey outlines the pattern of injuries sustained by motor cyclists and highlights of the high percentage (73%) of serious local injuries to the lower extremities. The views of motor cyclist victims on preventive safety measures are also summarized.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1977

The effects of seat belt legislation on road traffic injuries.

The compulsory wearing of seat belts, first introduced in the world in Victoria in 1970, has effectively reduced the number of deaths and injuries by approximately one-third for car occupants involved in motor vehicle crashes. Initially, the legislation did not apply to children under the age of eight years, but in 1975 a further law was introduced banning children from the front seat of any vehicle unless properly harnessed. Seat belts offer the best protection for front seat drivers and passengers involved in frontal impacts, but offer less protection to the recipient of a side impact. Ten per cent of car occupants admitted to hospital after a frontal impact show injuries, mostly minor, directly attibutable to the wearing of seat belts.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1975

The effects of mandatory seat belt wearing on the mortality and pattern of injury of car occupants involved in motor vehicle crashes in Victoria.

Compulsory seat belt wearing, first introduced in the world in Victoria in 1970, has effectively reduced the number of deaths and injuries for car occupants involved in motor vehicle crashes, whilst those for the unprotected pedestrian and pedal and motor cyclist have continued to increase. This legislation does not apply to children under the age of eight years, only 5.5% of whom travel restrained in motor cars, and their death and injury patterns remain unchanged. Seat belts offer the most remarkable protection for car occupants involved in frontal-impact collisions. However, a high percentage of car occupants who are the recipients of a side impact in a collision receive serious multiple injuries, particularly chest and pelvic injuries, and seat belts offer little protection except that head injuries are less common when a seat belt is being worn. Compulsory lateral strengthening of motor vehicles must be introduced in Australia. Ten per cent of car occupants admitted to hospital after frontal-impact collisions show injuries directly attributable to the wearing of seat belts. These include fracture of the clavicle, bruising and fracture of the sternum, cardiac tamponade, abdominal contusions and bowel lacerations. Seat belts, to be fully effective, must be fitted correctly. There is definite room for improvement in seat belt design.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Road trauma prevention: perspectives.

Road trauma is a major public health problem in all motorized societies. Doctors who treat casualties must commit themselves not only to providing optimum care but to becoming equally involved in the epidemiological and sociological aspects of road trauma prevention. The prevention of trauma requires a threefold approach: prevent the crash, prevent injury in the crash, and prevent injury aggravation after the crash. Strategies and program options to implement them have been formulated to reduce traffic injury. These strategies are exposure control, crash prevention, injury control, behavior modification, and post-crash trauma management. The combined experience of war injuries and road trauma has lead to major advances in investigation technology and management procedures and far less costly efforts directed at road trauma prevention. The balance between prevention on the one hand and investigation and procedure on the other needs to be addressed. Productive research adequately funded is essential if prevention initiatives are to succeed in reducing the incidence of highway death and injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗