PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G W Woods

Publications and source records attributed to G W Woods.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effect of ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol) on ecchymosis following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

This article describes a study that assesses whether patients who received ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol; Syntex Research, Palo Alto, California) during knee surgery had an increased tendency to develop ecchymosis in the lower limb versus patients who did not receive ketorolac tromethamine. Sixty-four patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery were divided randomly into three groups: patients who received Toradol at tourniquet inflation (TorTourn) at the end of surgery (TorEnd), or not at all (TorNone). None of the patients exhibited abnormal preoperative bleeding times. One week postsurgery, patients were evaluated photographically for ecchymosis between the hip and malleoli of the surgical limb. Ecchymotic areas between the hip and malleoli were traced around their borders with a black marker. Three photographs of each surgical knee were taken: posterior, anterolateral, and anteromedial views. Each patient's photos then were scanned into a computer and the amount of encircled (ecchymotic) surface area and the total surface area of the limb were calculated. For each view, the ecchymotic surface area was divided by the total surface area to obtain a percentage of ecchymosis on that view. The percentages for the three views were added to obtain a single score for each patient. The mean ecchymotic surface area score was 21.9 +/- 31% for the TorTourn group, 27.5 +/- 25.5% for the TorEnd group, and 30.3 +/- 36.4% for the TorNone group. There was no significant difference in the ecchymotic surface area among the groups. This study suggests that ketorolac tromethamine does not affect the amount of ecchymosis that occurs following knee surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Sports medicine: anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Newer techniques in anterior cruciate ligament surgery and accelerated rehabilitation has significantly altered the recovery process as well as the degree of functional recovery and the long-term prognosis. In most cases full recovery can be expected within 6 to 12 months following injury. Although great emphasis is placed on rapid progress in physical therapy and rehabilitation, it is also important to provide the necessary emotional support during this period of disability and altered functional state.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries↗
PubMed1992

Anterolateral dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint: case report and literature review.

1. Dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint is a rare injury, probably less than 1% of all knee injuries. It is seen more frequently in athletes such as soccer players, ballet dancers, and equestrian jumpers. 2. Proximal tibiofibular dislocations are classified into four types: Type I, subluxations; Type II, anterolateral (the most common); Type III, posteromedial; and Type IV, superior. 3. Open reduction is preferred for acute instability or inability to achieve a closed reduction. Chronic instability may result in degeneration of the joint surfaces and is best treated by fibular head resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Discoid meniscus.

The discoid meniscus is probably a congenital deviation that usually occurs laterally. The Watanabe classification consists of complete, incomplete, or Wrisburg ligament types. Complete and incomplete discoid menisci normally require treatment only when a tear occurs. The Wrisburg ligament type lacks a posterior capsular attachment. The preferred treatment is repair of the posterior capsular disruption with saucerization of the remaining meniscus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of an electrogoniometric instrument for measurement of laxity of the knee.

Eight lower extremities from cadavera were tested for anterior-posterior laxity in two positions before and after transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. At critical points in the tests, electrogoniometric and radiographic measurements of tibiofemoral translation were compared. By direct measurement, we determined the accuracy of the radiographic method to +/- 0.4 millimeter (95 per cent) in measuring anterior-posterior translations of the tibia with respect to the femur. The electrogoniometer estimated displacement of the tibia with respect to the femur during the anterior drawer test to be 3.5 +/- 8.2 millimeters at 90 degrees of flexion of the knee and 11.1 +/- 16.1 millimeters at 30 degrees of flexion. Direct comparison of these measurements with those obtained by means of the radiographic technique showed that the electrogoniometer tended, on average, to overestimate the tibial translation. The amount of overestimation was 0.7 millimeter for intact knees and 1.9 millimeters after sacrifice of the anterior cruciate ligament. Despite this small average error in measurement of tibial translation, the difference between individual electrogoniometric and radiographic measurements varied greatly, with a 95 per cent confidence limit of +/- 5.5 millimeters. The error of the electrogoniometric measurements varied with the angle of flexion of the knee during testing, both the accuracy and the reliability of the electrogoniometric measurements being greatly diminished at 30 degrees of flexion. The electrogoniometric method also tended to overestimate tibial internal rotation (by an average of 10.5 degrees) and external rotation (by an average of 9.3 degrees); the reliability of these measurements was +/- 6.9 degrees.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Elbow arthroscopy.

Decreased surgical morbidity and rapid recovery time associated with arthroscopic surgery of the elbow justify its preference over more extensive open incisions in selected cases. Not all elbow conditions can be treated arthroscopically, however, and open incisions are still preferred in more extensive problems such as displaced fractures and olecranon impingement syndromes.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1985

Synthetics in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a review.

Because of a rapidly growing interest in synthetic ligaments, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Committee on the Knee sponsored a seminar in Atlanta, Georgia, in June 1983. Attending this seminar were Knee Committee Members, six invited guest consultants with expertise in collagen metabolism and healing and materials testings, and eight teams of investigators who presented data on eight different devices. In November 1983, the Federal Food and Drug Administration Advisory Panel for Orthopedics held an open meeting in Washington, D.C., on the subject of artificial ligaments. In February 1984, there was an hour and a half symposium on artificial ligaments at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. Although there is widespread interest in this subject, it is evident that more scientific information and clinical experience must be accumulated. Uniform methods of evaluation, both biomechanical and clinical, are needed. At present, synthetic materials are being investigated under rigid controls, and none have been released for general clinical use. Indications are limited to cases of chronic instability in which autogenous tissues are insufficient or unusable.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1981

Factors influencing elbow instability.

Stability or instability of the elbow is contingent upon three distinct but interrelated conditions: radiocapitellar articular continuity, coronoid process integrity and medial collateral ligament competency through an intact anterior oblique ligament. The latter, the anterior oblique ligament of the medial collateral ligament both in anatomic experimentation and clinical cases appears to be the most critical factor in elbow stability. The reconstruction of the unstable elbow must focus on this medial supporting ligament for a predictable result.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1979

Cruciate ligament stents in reconstruction of the unstable knee. A preliminary report.

Cruciate ligament stents have been developed to severe as internal splints which provide excellent temporary stability while allowing full range of motion of the knee during postreconstruction rehabilitation. Forty-three patients with disabling chronic knee instability were treated at one center using similar reconstruction techniques with either the anterior or posterior cruciate stent. When both cruciate ligaments were absent, only the posterior was used. All stents are intended only as temporary internal splints and all patients were advised that the structures were expected to break eventually. Followup of 15 patients with anterior cruciate stents revealed only 50% satisfactory overall results. Overall results were satisfactory in 80% of 20 patients with posterior cruciate stents. Longer implant survival is needed, and this must be accomplished by building more flexibility into the stent core and by improving surgical technique with more precise instrumentation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Arthrodesis in failed total knee replacement.

Compression arthrodesis can be used as a salvage procedure in failed total knee replacement. In fourteen patients so treated, the fusion failed in five. As regards the cause of failure, the most important factor was technical inadequacy of the arthrodesis procedure; that is, the required stable fixation and solid bone-to-bone contact. In procedures that we considered technically adequate, there was fusion in seven of the nine knees. The fusion seemed to be delayed in these patients, averaging 5.3 months (range, two to twelve months). Fixation with a double clamp seemed to be more effective than with a single clamp.

Adult↗