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Biomedical subjects

G Walldius

Publications and source records attributed to G Walldius.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effect of BM 15.075 on lipoprotein concentrations in different types of hyperlipoproteinaemia.

The four-week lipoprotein lowering effect of 0.2 g t.i.d. of BM 15.075 and of 0.5 g t.i.d. of clofibrate was studied in 29 subjects with different types of hyperlipoproteinaemia in a single blind crossover fashion. BM 15.075 decreased very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol concentration in all types of hyperlipoproteinaemia the effect being dependent on initial lipoprotein concentrations. BM 15.075 decreased VLDL triglyceride concentrations on average 20% more than did clofibrate. BM 15.075 decreased low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol concentrations in Type IIA and IIB but did not significantly affect this lipoprotein lipid in type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. Regression analysis showed that the drug tended to decrease LDL cholesterol if initial concentrations were above 157 mg/100 ml and to increase initially lower levels. No significant differences between BM 15.075 and clofibrate was found in the effect of LDL cholesterol. High density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol concentrations were not influenced by BM 15.075. No subjective side effects were noted on BM 15.075. S-ASAT increased and alcaline phosphatases decreased on both treatments.

Benzamides↗
PubMed1976

Removal of exogenous plasma triglycerides in forearm muscle and subcutaneous tissue of hyper-and normotriglyceridaemic men.

Absolute arterio-venous removal and fractional removal of blood-borne exogenous triglyceride particles by skeletal and subcutaneous tissues were determined in eight normotriglyceridaemic and six hypertriglyceridaemic men. Estimations were made by simultaneously sampling blood from catheters inserted into a brachial artery, and in the distal direction, into a superficial and deep vein, draining subcutaneous tissue and skeletal muscle respectively. During the infusion of the fat emulsion IntralipidR for 3 hours steady arterial concentrations of exogenous TG particles were found, indicating first order kinetics. In all subjects absolute arterio-venous and fractional removal of triglycerides were about twice as high in skeletal muscle as in subcutaneous tissue. In skeletal muscle the fractional removal and absolute removal were significantly higher in normotriglyceridaemic than in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects (p less than 0.001). No decrease in removal with time was observed, which would have suggested saturation of removal sites. Mean fractional removal in skeletal muscle was significantly correlated with the k2 value determined by an intravenous fat tolerance test before the infusion study (r = 0.61, p less than 0.05). In subcutaneous tissue fractional removal was also significantly higher in normotriglyceridaemic subjects (p less than 0.05). The results suggest that in both skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue the removal system is impaired in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. This finding supports the concept that a decreased elimination capacity in these tissues may partly account for triglyceride elevation in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Fatty acids incorporation into human adipose tissue in hypertriglyceridaemia.

The fatty acid and glucose incorporation into glycerides and glycerol release from adipose tissue were determined in a middle-aged population of 109 men and 41 women. 43 men and 19 women were normolipidaemic. The same analysis was also carried out in 13 male and 9 female normolipidaemic students. Needle biopsy specimens of adipose tissue were incubated in vitro in an albumin medium containing 3H-fatty acids and 14C-glucose. After two hours of incubation values for fatty acid and glucose incorporation were calculated from the incorporation of 3H-activity into the fatty acids and 14C-activity into the glycerol moiety of extracted glycerides. The mean values for fatty acid incorporation were lower in all types of hypertriglyceridaemic subjects (II B, III, IV and V) than in the normolipidaemic control subjects. In the male hypertriglyceridaemic population 36% had values for fatty acid incorporation below the 5th percentile of the normolipidaemic group and 14% had values below the lowest normal value. The rate of fatty acid incorporation was negatively correlated with the serum triglyceride concentration. This correlation remained unchanged when partial correlation was performed when the influence of body weight was eliminated. Fatty acid and glucose incorporation correlated positively. Incorporation of glucose behaved in the same way as described above for incorporation of fatty acids. Glycerol and fatty acid release was the same in the normo- and hypertriglyceridaemic groups. It is likely that the removal of plasma triglycerides from blood requires hydrolysis of triglycerides to fatty acids and the subsequent removal of the fatty acids. The hypothesis has been formulated that when the former process is normal, a defect of fatty acid removal (a low rate of fatty acid incorporation into glycerides) may be responsible for an impaired removal of plasma triglyceride-fatty acids. A low rate of fatty acid incorporation may contribute to the development of hypertriglyceridaemia, according to this hypothesis.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Hypertension in a patient with acrodermatitis enteropathica.

One patient with acrodermatitis enteropathica complicated by hypertension is presented. The pathogenesis of the markedly elevated blood pressure is unknown. The acrodermatitis healed completely on zinc therapy and parallel to this improvement the hypertension could easily be controlled with a gradually decreased antihypertensive drug dosage.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1976

A micro-method for determination of fatty acid (FIAT) and glucose (GLIAT) incorporation and lipolysis in vitro in needle biopsies of human adipose tissue.

A method for determination of fatty acid (FIAT) and glucose (GLIAT) incorporation into adipose tissue in vitro in needle biopsy specimens of human fat has been developed. 20-150 mg of subcutaneous fat is incubated in an albumin buffer containing a physiological spectrum and concentration of fatty acids and glucose. Release of glycerol and fatty acids to the incubation medium and incorporation of labelled palmitic acid and labelled glucose into extracted adipose tissue lipids are determined simultaneously. The labelled fatty acids are found in the fatty acid part and the labelled glucose only in the glycerol part of extracted diglycerides and triglycerides. These glycerides are completely recovered and indicated FIAT and GLIAT values. Methodological errors for all vaiables are about 10%. All processes increase linearly with tissue weight and incubation time. FIAT and GLIAT increase linearly with increasing concentration of a physiological spectrum of fatty acids (=constant fractional incorporation). The method is simple, and several analyses from one subject can be performed on one day with a minimum of discomfort to the patient.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Effect of gemfibrozil on lipoprotein concentrations in different types of hyperlipoproteinaemia.

The lipoprotein lowering effect of gemfibrozil, 400 mg twice daily, was studied for 24 weeks in 26 subjects with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (type IIa, 5; IIb, 3; III, 3; and IV, 15). Maximum effects were noted after four weeks on very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and after 12 weeks on low density lipoproteins (LDL), these effects remaining throughout the study. Gemfibrozil decreased VLDL triglycerides (TG) in all types of hyperlipoproteinaemia according to the equation: deltaVLDL TG (mmol/l) = -0.80 X initial VLDL TG concentration + 0.68 The drug affected the low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol= -0.45 X initial LDL cholesterol + 61 This means that LDL cholesterol on average decreased if the initial LDL concentration was above 135 mg/100 ml and increased below that concentration. LDL TG and high density lipoprotein (HDL) TG concentrations also decreased significantly. A slight increase in HDL cholesterol concentration occurred after administration of gemfibrozil. Two subjects had to stop treatment because of nausea and abdominal pain respectively, attributed to the drug. No biochemical side effects were noted.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1976

Serum triglycerides and fatty acid incorporation into human adipose tissue (TIAT). Their relations with adipose tissue characteristics and glucose tolerance.

Fatty acid incorporation into adipose tissue (FIAT), the metabolic process assimilating plasma triglyceride fatty acids liberated by lipoprotein lipase, was recently found to be lower in hyper- than in normotriglyceridaemia. In the present report, the relation of FIAT to glucose tolerance and adipose tissue morphology and fatty acid composition has been studied in a popoulation of men with normo- and hypertriglyceridaemia, using needle biopsy specimens. In addition, the associations between plasma triglyceride concentration and these factors as well as FIAT were examined by statistical methods. FIAT and GLIAT (glucose incorporation into adipose tissue) activities per cell were positively correlated with fat cell diameter but not with fat cell number. FIAT activities per cell and per unit surface area were lower in hyper- than in normo-triglyceridaemic subjects. The k-value of the i.v.glucose tolerance test and glycerol release from adipose tissue did not correlate with FIAT or GLIAT activities. The proportion of stearic acid in adipose tissue was negatively correlated with the serum triglyceride level and with fat cell diameter, but positively correlated with FIAT. Linolenic acid in adipose tissue correlated positively with the k-value. The negative correlation between serum triglycerides and FIAT remained when the other variables which were significantly correlated with FIAT or the serum triglycerides were entered in partial correlat-on analysis. These results suggest that although low FIAT activity is related in part to other characteristics, it occurs in hypertriglyceridaemia independent of glucose tolerance or various characteristics in fat. With serum triglyceride concentration as dependent variable, stepwise regression analysis was performed, entering all other variables as independent ones. The highest multiple --value was 0.76 (p less than 0.001) and it was obtained with three adipose tissue parameters: FIAT (or GLIAT), content of linolenic acid and of stearic acid. The other parameters did not give rise to any further improvement in the prediction of the serum triglyceride concentration which is better than 50% (R2 = 0.57).

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Association between a low adipose tissue content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and both glucose intolerance and hypertriglyceridemia in apparently healthy men.

The fatty acid spectrum of adipose tissue (AT) lipids has been determined in 43 apparently healthy men with different levels of plasma triglycerides (TG) and different degrees of glucose tolerance (GT). Compared to men with normal plasma TG levels those with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) had a similar percentage of linoleic acid (18:2) but lower amount of fatty acids, tentatively identified as linolenic (18:3) and arachidonic (20:4) acid. Men with HTG also had lower k-values for the i.v. GT. The content of 18:3 and 20:4 was positively correlated to the k-value of the GT and negatively to plasma TG. These correlations were independent of each other. As usual there was a negative correlation between plasma TG levels and the k-value, which however disappeared after partial correlation analysis when 18:3 was kept constant. Apparently a low content of 18:3 in AT is common both in HTG and glucose intolerance (GI) and might partly explain the often seen association between these two metabolic abnormalities. Since the content of 18:2 was normal it is suggested that the low amount of 18:3 and 20:4 was caused by metabolic rather than dietary factors. The possibility that a low content of 18:3 and 20:4 might play a role in the pathogenesis of GI and HTG is discussed.

Adipose Tissue↗