Upper airway obstruction in Parkinson's disease.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Willson.
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An evaluation of a Coulter Counter Model T660 has been carried out. This instrument is a compact, fully automated, blood cell counter which measures WBC, RBC, Hb, haematocrit, MCV and platelet count on a 100 microliter sample of whole blood. The instrument was assessed during one month of regular use. One possible microbiological hazard was detected, which could be corrected by an instrument modification. No mechanical hazards were identified. The instrument as supplied produced some inaccurate WBCs; this malfunction appeared to be consequent on a design fault relating to the burn circuit of the white cell aperture and following instrument modification performance was considerably improved. Results produced were broadly comparable with those produced by a Coulter Counter Model S Plus IV. Precision was satisfactory. Deviations from linearity on dilution were not sufficient to be of practical importance. Carryover was satisfactorily low. Time-lapse of up to 48 h did not introduce inaccuracy of sufficient magnitude to be of practical importance. Throughout varied from 52 to 63 specimens/h. Following instrument modification the overall assessment was that the T660 was easy to operate, reliable, and clinically useful.
An evaluation of a Coulter Counter Model S880 has been carried out. Certain findings have been further evaluated on a second instrument. Several safety hazards have been identified which could be corrected by minor modifications of the instrument or the mode of operation. Precision was found to be generally satisfactory, though for the platelet count and the WBC it was sometimes worse than specified. Most parameters were not strictly linear on dilution but only for the MCV and the MCH was the deviation from linearity sufficient to be of practical importance. Carryover was satisfactory. Results were generally comparable with those of a Coulter Counter Model S Plus IV. Estimates on all parameters were satisfactory on blood samples stored up to 24 h at either 4 degrees C or room temperature; beyond 24 h inaccuracy was seen particularly in the WBC, platelet count and MCV. Throughput was 60 to 70 samples/h in the whole-blood mode. Start-up and shut-down times were acceptably short. The instrument was assessed as acceptable and clinically useful, although reliability was somewhat less than expectations.
A respiratory-occupational questionnaire and spirometry were used to compare the prevalence of symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities in 405 workers exposed to red cedar dust and 252 control workers exposed to other wood dusts. Compared with controls, the cedar workers were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms, cough, phlegm, wheeze and breathlessness, as well as more rhinitis and conjunctivitis. While, as expected, there was a clear relationship between respiratory symptoms and cigarette smoking, there was also evidence to suggest a synergistic effect between exposure to cedar dust and smoking. There was no difference in the lung function between cedar workers and controls. Sixty-five workers in the control group previously had worked in red cedar mills; they had a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms than other workers in this group. Red cedar asthma was found in only 1.1% of the cedar workers. This condition usually develops in the early months of exposure, and workers who are affected tend to leave the industry. The probable incidence of red cedar asthma was estimated to be higher, around 4-5%.
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