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Biomedical subjects

G Yilmaz

Publications and source records attributed to G Yilmaz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sexual function in women with coronary artery disease: a preliminary study.

We investigated sexual function in female patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 20 consecutive female patients (38.2+/-3.8 years) with CAD diagnosed by coronary angiography and 15 healthy subjects (37.9+/-5.4 years) were enrolled in this study. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to assess sexual function in all the participants. Women with psychiatric disorders, gynecologic and systemic diseases that may affect sexual function were excluded from the study. The other exclusion criteria were usage of antidepressants and drugs affecting sexual function. Patients with CAD and healthy women were comparable in age, body mass index and education level. Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) was diagnosed in 12 of 20 women with CAD (60%), whereas five of 15 healthy women (33.3%) were found to have FSD (P<0.05). Patients with CAD had a significantly lower number of sexual intercourse episodes per month than healthy women volunteers (2.24 versus 5.2, respectively; P<0.05). The FSFI total score was clearly significantly decreased in the CAD group compared with that in healthy controls (17.8+/-2.9 and 26.0+/-4.8, P=0.001). When the subscores of each domain of FSFI were evaluated, all the subscores of FSFI, except the satisfaction domain, in patients with CAD were significantly lower than those of healthy subjects (P<0.05). This preliminary study demonstrates that female patients with CAD have distinct sexual dysfunction compared with healthy controls. Women with CAD should be evaluated also in terms of sexual function to provide better quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Opportunistic posterior uveal infections in renal transplant patients.

AIMS: To describe the cases of opportunistic posterior uveal infection diagnosed in renal transplant recipients at a single center over a 10-year period. METHODS: The study involved 1156 patients who underwent renal transplantation. Five of the recipients were diagnosed with posterior uveal infection. The specific diagnoses were acute retinal necrosis (two cases), cytomegalovirus retinitis (one case), nocardial chorioretinitis (one case), or tuberculoid granuloma (one case). RESULTS: The five patients were aged 27 to 55 years, and the interval from renal transplantation to uveal infection ranged from 7 months to 16 years. All patients were receiving immunosuppressive treatment at the time of the posterior uveal infection. Acute retinal necrosis was diagnosed in cases I and II at 2 and 3 years after transplantation, respectively. In both cases, fundus examination revealed moderate vitritis and yellow-white lesions representing confluent retinitis. In case III (cytomegalovirus retinitis), 7 months after transplantation the patient developed extensive hemorrhage and confluent white exudates, periphlebitis, and perivascular sheathing in the right eye. In case IV, culture of a fine-needle aspirate from a well-demarcated, white-yellow, elevated choroidal lesion in the superotemporal region of the macula revealed nocardial infection. Fundus examination of the right eye of case V revealed a small, hypopigmented choroidal lesion superior to the optic disc. The lesion was identified as a choroidal tuberculoid granuloma. CONCLUSIONS: Opportunistic chorioretinal infections can occur at any time after renal transplantation. So it is important that every kidney recipient undergo regular ophthalmic examinations throughout his or her lifetime.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Brief intervention on maternal smoking: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To determine if mothers receiving a smoking cessation intervention emphasizing health risks of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) for their children have a higher quit rate than mothers who received routine smoking cessation advice, which focused on their own health, or a control group of mothers. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre. METHODS: Randomized control trial. A total of 363 mothers were randomly assigned to a smoking cessation intervention either aimed at their children's health (n = 111) or their own health (n = 131), or to a control group receiving no smoking cessation advice (n = 121). RESULTS: Provision to mothers of both groups of health risks of tobacco smoke resulted in significantly higher rate of cessation of smoking and smoking location change than those of the control group, with child intervention group having significantly higher rate of cessation of smoking and smoking location change than those of the maternal intervention group (P < 0.05). Post-intervention knowledge scores differed significantly for all groups; however, child intervention group was the only significantly better group than the others (P < 0.05). According to the multivariate analysis results, intervention grouping and presence of smoking friends were independent factors determining smoking cessation (P < 0.05). Intervention grouping, post-intervention knowledge, presence of other household members who smoked and family income were independent factors determining smoking location change (P < 0.05). Family income, intervention grouping and presence of smoking friends were significant independent factors influencing post-intervention knowledge (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Discussion during short paediatric visits on effects of smoking on child's or maternal health may result in a significant smoking cessation, smoking location change rate or knowledge change. Those who cannot give up smoking usually change their location of smoking. Provision of information on effects of smoking on child's health, rather than maternal, may result in more significant changes in behaviour or knowledge. Maternal education on smoking should include information on effects of smoking on both child's and maternal health, but should be especially focused on child's health.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in Turkey.

BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are among the most common infectious diseases in humans. The prevalence of herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) varies widely across the world. HSV-2 infection is the primary cause of genital herpes. It is highly prevalent in human populations in many parts of the world, and is the most common cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. In spite of the large prevalence and growing incidence of herpes simplex infection (HSV-1 and HSV-2), relatively few data have been published regarding the seroprevalence of herpes simplex infection, while no data exist regarding the Turkish population. METHODS: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in selected populations in Turkey. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 2082 serum samples of 725 adults, 300 pregnant women, 200 blood donors, 483 sex workers and 110 patients with genital warts and 264 hotel staff in Istanbul, Turkey. All serum samples were assessed for HSV1 and HSV-2 IgG antibodies using an HSV-type specific, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The prevalence of HSV-2 and HSV-1 antibodies was 4.8 and 85.3% in sexually active adults; 5.5 and 96% in blood donors; 5 and 98% in pregnant women, 17.3 and 93.6% in patients with genital warts; 8.3 and 97.3% in hotel staff; and 60% and 99% in sex workers. CONCLUSION: These results confirm a higher prevalence of HSV infection than estimated, especially in high risk groups in Turkey. The high prevalence of HSV infection underlines the need for education among these populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular risk factors and their correlation with CVD in groups of HD and CAPD patients. METHODS: Thirty HD patients, 30 CAPD patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Apolipoprotein A-l (apo A-l), apolipoprotein B (apo B), apolipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) were measured with a Beckman Coulter nephelometer, and homocysteine (Hcy) was determined with an Agilent HPLC analyzer. Lipid profile was determined with a Synchron LX 20 Pro analyzer. RESULTS: Hcy levels were 41.9+/-19.4, 41.8+/-38.5 and 9.3+/-3.5 micromol/L; Lp(a) levels were 325+/-315, 431+/-367 and 130+/-97 mg/L; hs-CRP levels were 3.78+/-3.21, 4.34+/-3.39 and 2.07+/-1.67 mg/L; apo A1/apo B ratios were 1.46+/-0.6, 1.36+/-0.5 and 1.80+/-0.59; total cholesterol levels were 3.56+/-0.7, 4.84+/-1.1 and 4.39+/-0.5 mmol/L; triglycerides were 1.44+/-0.5, 1.60+/-0.8 and 0.85+/-0.5 mmol/L in the HD, CAPD and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: HD and CAPD patients had higher Hcy, hs-CRP and Lp(a) levels and lower apo A/B ratios than controls. There was no significant difference between the HD and CAPD groups. Hypertension, age and hs-CRP showed a positive correlation with CVD.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Massive ovarian oedema in adolescents.

Massive ovarian oedema is an unusual clinical entity occurring in teenage girls. It is a rare tumour-like condition of the ovary characterized by marked enlargement of one or both ovaries due to marked accumulation of oedema fluid in the ovarian stroma. Massive ovarian oedema may result from partial or intermittent torsion of the mesovary, interfering with venous and lymphatic drainage, but not with arterial blood flow. The patients most commonly present with lower abdominal pain and enlargement. This entity can clinically mimic a neoplasia. We report three cases with massive ovarian oedema.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Nosocomial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in a university hospital].

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing importance. In our study, 190 S. maltophilia strains isolated from 153 hospitalized patients between January 2000-April 2004, at Farabi Hospital at Medical School of Karadeniz Technical University, were prospectively evaluated. Of these patients 67.9% were clinically compatible with nosocomial infection, and 32% were considered as colonization. It was observed that rate of infection had a tendency to increase one year of age and above 50 years of age. Nosocomial infection and/ or colonization with S. maltophilia was detected in 19.7 +/- 15.2 (1-89) days after hospitalization. The clinical manifestations were bacteremia (36.5%), pneumoniae (28.8%), urinary system infection (12.5%), surgical site infection (11.5%) and peritonitis (6.7%). The bacteremia episodes were associated with central venous catheter in 37.3% (19/51), ventilator associated pneumonia in 11.7% (6/51), urinary system infection in 7.8% (4/51), peritonitis in 3.9% (2/51), and surgical site infection in 1.9% (1/51) of cases. Nineteen patients (37.3%) had no apparent primary source of infection. Higher APACHE II score, longer duration of hospitalization and prior extended-spectrum antibiotic therapy were observed in most of the patients. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that, the most effective antibiotics against the isolates were trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (94%), ticarcillin/clavulanate (79%) and ciprofloxacin (53.5%). Crude mortality rate in the patients with S. maltophilia infections was found to be 25%. In addition, it was observed that proper antibiotic treatment had protective role against mortality (14.6% vs 63.6%; OR = 0.1, Cl95 0.12-0.42, P = 0.000). It can be concluded that to prevent infections due to S. maltophilia , effective infection control programmes and rational antibiotic use policies should be established promptly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Results of cataract surgery in renal transplantation patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of conventional extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification cataract surgery, in renal transplant patients. METHODS: A total of 11 eyes of eight renal transplant recipients who underwent cataract surgery in Ankara between 1995 and January 2001 were evaluated. Each individual underwent routine ophthalmologic examination including visual acuity with Snellen chart testing, slit-lamp examination, intraocular pressure measurement, and fundus examination. Of these, seven patients had posterior subcapsular cataracts and four had nuclear cataracts. Conventional extracapsular cataract extraction (cECCE) was performed in four eyes with single-piece all-polymethylmethacrylate posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The other seven eyes were treated with small-incision phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable hydrophilic acrylic lens. RESULTS: We observed intraoperative posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss in one patient, postoperative intraocular tension elevation in one patient, and sterile suture infiltration in one patient in our series. Average of the visual acuities 6 months after the operation was 20/30 (range, 20/60-20/20). CONCLUSIONS: In this, the first published report to describe outcomes of cataract surgery in renal transplant patients, most complications were associated with high of steroids use and immunosuppressives, and were independent of the type of cataract surgery used, either ECCE or phacoemulsification surgery. The study suggests the need for additional care before, during, and after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Determination of plasma fibronectin and serum C-reactive protein in patients with cerebrovascular events.

The relationship between the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibronectin (FN) and atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary heart disease has already been studied, but their relationship with cerebrovascular events has not. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of plasma FN and serum CRP in cerebrovascular events, and their relationship with the outcome of the disease. CRP and FN levels were analysed in 133 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease, together with 66 healthy controls. Cerebrovascular event patients were divided into subgroups according to disease severity. FN and CRP levels in patients with cerebrovascular disease were found to be significantly elevated compared with the control group (p<0.001). CRP levels correlated with disease severity, in contrast to FN levels. We conclude that FN is not a clinically useful marker in patients with acute differentiative cerebrovascular events, in contrast to CRP which may be useful in such cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Nutrient removal of ammonia rich effluents in a sequencing batch reactor.

The aim of this study was to develop an appropriate operating strategy for ammonia removal of young landfill leachate in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor, SBR. SBR was operated at five different phases by changing the aerobic cycle time and external carbon source during the denitrification process. SBR provides the opportunity to arrange the operating periods according to variable conditions such as wastewater characterization in order to optimise the performance of the system. By monitoring the variations occurring in each period during a full cycle an appropriate operating strategy may be defined. The main problem faced during the experimentation period particularly was due to use of raw wastewater with high NH4-N content as an external carbon source, as it affected denitrification performance to a great extent. This trouble was overcome if calcium acetate was used as the external carbon source instead of the raw wastewater. In case of using a suitable aeration period and the convenient external carbon source, high ammonia removals were observed.

Acetates↗
PubMed2001

Limbal relaxing incisions in congenital astigmatism: 6 month follow-up.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of limbal relaxing incisions (LRIs) for correcting naturally occurring astigmatism. SETTING: Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. METHODS: This prospective analysis of the results of the first LRIs in 22 eyes of 13 patients with congenital astigmatism was done using a modified Gills nomogram and was based on preoperative refractive astigmatism determined by manifest and cycloplegic refractions. There were no adjustments based on sex or age. RESULTS: An absolute decrease of 0.91 diopter (D) (44%) in mean astigmatism was achieved after 6 months in 22 eyes. The mean uncorrected visual acuity (logMAR) increased from 0.42 to 0.26 from preoperatively to 6 months postoperatively. No patient lost best corrected visual acuity. Most regression occurred in eyes with more than 3.50 D of astigmatism and between the first and third postoperative months. CONCLUSION: Limbal relaxing incisions are a practical, simple, and forgiving approach for the correction of lower degrees of astigmatism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Diagnosis of HIV infection and laboratory monitoring of its therapy.

BACKGROUND: Serological diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection became available in 1985, with the rapid increase in sensitivity and specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and the supplement tests. Molecular tests for detection of HIV in the diagnosis of HIV infection in special settings and monitoring of HIV-1 infection followed this. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: In this review it is intended to give a brief overview of the diagnosis and monitoring of HIV infection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Serological methods and molecular methods for the detection and quantitation of HIV are discussed.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed2001

Determination of serum B12 vitamin and folic acid levels in patient with stroke.

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether any relationship between stroke and vitamin B12, folic acid concentration. We examined 50 patients with stroke (male: 26 and female: 24) aged between (mean +/- SD, year) 59 +/- 14 and 16 control subjects (male: 6 and female: 10) aged between (mean +/- SD, year) 53 +/- 11. Patients were classified into two groups as infarct and hemorrhagic by using Computerised Brain Tomography and Cranial Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging techniques. The percentage of patients with infract was 47.5% in female and 52.5% in male while it was 40% in female and 60% in male with hemorrhagic. The vitamin B12 levels of patients with infarct, hemorrhagic and control group were found as mean +/- SEM, 355 +/- 47 pg/ml, 313 +/- 58 pg/ml, 1569 +/- 258 pg/ml and folic acid levels 13.4 +/- 2.6 ng/ml, 7.7 +/- 1.0 ng/ml, 14.8 +/- 4.0 ng/ml, respectively. The significant difference was found between subgroups of patients with stroke and control group in both folic acid and B12 vitamin levels (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). But, there was no significant difference between vitamin B12 and folic acid levels of patients with hemorrhagic and infarct. In order to well understand the effects of these vitamin in patients with stroke, more detailed follow up studies with long period are needed.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed2001

[The effectiveness of hemopoietic growth factors in sepsis].

In this experimental study, consist of 54 Sprague-Dawley rats, we tried to observe the effectiveness of haemopoietic growth factors such as G-CSF and GM-CSF in treatment of sepsis and see if they have any effects on phagocytic activity of macrophages when are administered after establishment of sepsis. In first phase of this study, twenty one rats were randomly divided into three groups of 7 animals each. Cecal ligation and perforation were carried out in each rat and sepsis made up. The Control group received 2 x 0.2 cc %5 dextrose injection subcutaneous (s.c.).. The G-CSF group received 2 x 1 g G-CSF with 0.2 cc %5 dextrose s.c. The GM-CSF received 1 x 2 g GM-CSF with 0.2 cc %5 dextrose s.c. Seventh day survival was considered as criterion in the three groups. In second phase of this study, thirty three rats were randomly divided into three groups of 11 animals each. The same procedures were carried out also in these groups. Leukocyte counts and peripheric spread were analyzed in postoperative 24th and 72th hours, alveolar and peritoneal macrophages were Investigated in postoperative 72nd hour. There was significantly neutrophilic leukocytosis in the G-CSF group according to the control group. Nevertheless, there was no change in the phagocytic activity of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. GM-CSF brought about positive effect of phagocytic activity of macrophages without change of leucocyte count in the sepsis, but it caused neutrophilic, monocytosis and lymphocytopenia. The seventh day survival rates in control, G-CSF, GM-CSF groups were as; 42.8%, 71.4%, 28.5% respectively. As a result, we saw that G-CSF has no effect on the phagocytic activity of macrophages, while increases the survival by enhancing the count and probably the function of neutrophils. GM-CSF fails to increase survival while effects the phagocytic activities of macrophages positively and enhances the peripheral neutrophil and monosit counts without changing the total number of leukocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Spleen damage in endotoxaemic mice: the involvement of nitric oxide.

The association between Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced organ damage and nitric oxide-related mechanisms was investigated in the spleen of male Swiss albino mice (20-40 g) by using (1) Pt/Ir electrochemical sensor connected to an amperometric detection system (NO-501, InterMedical Co., Japan), (2) nitrotyrosine immunohistochemistry, (3) conventional light microscopy and (4) immunoblotting techniques in parallel. 1 h before endotoxin injection, animals were pretreated with either nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 20 mg kg(-1), i.p.) or inducible nitric oxide synthase expression inhibitor, dexamethasone (5 mg kg(-1), i.p.) or the inhibitor of murine inducible nitric oxide synthase in vivo, 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazine (AMT, 1 mg kg(-1), i.p.). 5 h after endotoxin treatment, electrochemically detected concentration of nitric oxide was significantly elevated (nM, endotoxin: 716.6 +/- 178.2, n = 10 vs saline: 209.4 +/- 127.8, n = 9, P = 0.0312, unpaired Student's t-test) and remained so throughout the 30 min monitorization period. Neither dexamethasone nor AMT blocked the endotoxin-induced overproduction of nitric oxide indicating that the enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase activity cannot be the only explanation. When dexamethasone and L-NAME combination was used to block both the constitutive and the inducible isoforms, nitric oxide production was virtually abolished, indicating a significant contribution from the constitutive isoform of nitric oxide synthase. The results of nitrotyrosine immunohistochemistry and the conventional light microscopy were also in agreement with the amperometric method while immunoblotting revealed the expression of both the endothelial and the inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase were induced endotoxaemic animals. Thus, conclude that endotoxin-induced splenic damage in endotoxaemia can be explained by enhanced production of nitric oxide due to the induction of both endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases while causal relationship and the roles of other deleterious mediators such as oxygen-derived free radicals are yet to be established.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Intranasal budesonide spray as an adjunct to oral antibiotic therapy for acute sinusitis in children.

We investigated the clinical value of intranasal budesonide in acute sinusitis in 52 children with acute maxillary sinusitis. We randomly divided them into two groups: group 1 received oral pseudoephedrine (2 x 30 mg) and cefaclor (40 mg/kg) for 10 days, and group 2 received intranasal budesonide (2 x 100 microg) and cefaclor (40 mg/kg) for 10 days. Symptoms of headache, cough, and nasal stuffiness and signs of nasal discharge were graded before and after treatment. The patients whose symptoms and signs completely normalized after treatment were considered to have recovered, and those with persisting symptoms and signs after treatment as having not recovered. The results of the two treatment groups were compared. The recovery rate of the children in group 2 were significantly higher than those in group 1 (P < 0.05). No adverse drug effects were determined during the study period. These findings suggest that topical steroids may be a useful adjunctive agent in the treatment of acute sinusitis of children without apparent side effects and can possibly hasten the resolution of symptoms.

Acute Disease↗