Biomedical subjects

G Zechner

Publications and source records attributed to G Zechner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

[Morphological changes in the middle ear and tubal lining through antibiotic treatment (author's transl)].

Chemotherapy has not only changes the clinical picture but also the pathological features of otitis media. As a consequence, reactive forms of the middle ear mucosa include purulent inflammation as well as cellular proliferation and granulation. Complications result from defective healing caused by the inability of the mucosa to organize clearance of the tympanic cleft. Because of a lack of drainage, the effusion remains in situ and alters the function of the middle ear mucosa. Subsequently, the inflammatory reaction diminishes, as can be seen on smears from tympanic effusions. Leucocytes are more or less displaced by phagocytes. We also gave special attention to morphological details in the Eustachian tube. We could demonstrate the great importance of the mucosa as a defence mechanism against infection. The so-called tubal tonsil is an important part of the local immune organ system. The salivary glands adjacent to the tube provide a secretion, which allows the ciliary activity to function. Surface active substances in the secretion influence the opening mechanism of the tube. In disease states, disturbances of this secretion may prevent ventilation of the tympanic cleft.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1977

[Otorhinolaryngological aspects of headache: (author's transl)].

Since about 20% of the patients in a headache clinic have ENT complaints an ENT specialist should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment. It is very important to know what structures in the head and neck are sensitive to pain for diagnostic and differential diagnostic purposes. Primary and secondary neuritis are headache mechanisms in otolaryngology and also tension headache, which is specially discussed. Rhinogenous contact headache and headache as cardinal symptom in various syndromes are also stressed as specific to ENT. Finally a scheme is given for investigating a headache patient from the otolaryngological point of view.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1977

[Otosclerosis involving the capsule and inner ear. Morphological findings (author's transl)].

The problem of otosclerotic inner ear damage is considered on the basis of morphological findings. It is pointed out that the disease of the otic capsule certainly also affects the underlying sense organ. This arises through disturbance of the perilymphatic electrolytes, venous stasis and thus changes in the circulation, disturbed regulation of endolymph and, more rarely, the direct effect of the focus on the auditory nerve or calcification of the mobile membranes.

Basilar Membrane↗

PubMed1976

[Pathology of the endolymphatic duct and sac in inner-ear hydrops].

The morphological substrate of Menière's disease is the endolymphatic hydrops. That can be idiopathic or secondary as a sequence of a labyrinthine disease of another cause. It is possible to coordinate function loss of the sensory end-organs and pathohistological findings, but not all failures are light-microscopically explainable. The reason for the hydrops is certainly a disturbance in the endolymph physiology. For the pathogenesis are important, besides the biochemistry of the inner ear-fluids, problems of the membranes and pathological changes on ductus and saccus endolymphaticus and perimacular areals and plana semilunata. The perilymphatic space, documentated on the example of the secondary hydrops, is certainly not only passively enrolled in the procedure. All observations bring the initiation and periodicity of attacks to another point of view. A complete solution has not been possible so far, especially in the case of the etiology in idiopathic hydrops.

Ear, Inner↗

PubMed1975

[The roentgen diagnosis of chronic inflammatory disease of the middle ear with tomography (author's transl)].

Tomography of the middle ear is a reliable method for the diagnosis of a cholesteatoma. Radiological diagnosis is possible in nearly all cases showing changes in the bony margins of the tympanic cavity and of the retro-tympanic spaces. Bone changes of the medial wall of the tympanic cavity, unless they extend into the labyrinth, can only be shown by tomography. In contrast to cholesteatomas, osteolytic changes are rare and only superficial as a result of ordinary, chronic otitis media. They can be demonstrated by tomography, particularly in the region of the lateral wall of the attic. Diffuse enlargement of the epitympanic recess is rare in chronic otitis media. Destruction of the ossicles may be found with cholesteatomas and, more rarely, with chronic otitis media; evidence of destruction of the ossicles is therefore not adequate for a radiological diagnosis of a cholesteatoma. In addition, the demonstration of bone changes is necessary for this diagnosis. In general, the tomographic investigation of the ossicles is subject to certain limitations. In most cases, destruction of ossicles can be inferred only if their size is reduced, their shape is altered, or if they appear to be absent. Unsharpness of normal-sized or only slightly reduced ossicles is an unreliable sign and has causes other than superficial destruction. An impression of unsharp and "washed out" contours may be due to inflammtory osteoporosis of the ossicles, or to a reduced absorption differential between porotic bone and abnormal contents of the tympanic cavity. This process may even produce the appearance of absence of the ossicles. In the presence of cholesteatomas, the unsharpness is more probably due to superficial destruction than is the case with chronic otitis without a complicating cholesteatoma.

Cholesteatoma↗

PubMed1975