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Biomedical subjects

G Zografos

Publications and source records attributed to G Zografos.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Elective hepatic resection for benign and malignant liver disease: early results.

Between August 1989 and April 1992, 60 consecutive elective hepatic resections were performed by one surgeon at two hospitals. This personal series was reviewed to determine the early results of elective hepatic resection. There were 17 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer, 14 with hepatocellular carcinoma (three with cirrhosis), seven with cholangiocarcinoma, six with carcinoma of the gallbladder plus liver involvement, ten with liver metastases from other sites and six with benign conditions of the liver. Thirty-eight patients underwent major liver resection, seven unisegmentectomy, six bisegmentectomy, four trisegmentectomy and five non-anatomical resection. Total vascular exclusion was used in 50 cases and the Pringle manoeuvre in ten. The mean(s.d.) operative blood transfusion was 990(1260) ml packed red blood cells (range 0-13 units); 17 patients did not receive blood transfusion. There were two operative deaths; non-fatal complications developed in 16 patients. The two deaths were from postoperative liver failure and there was no other hospital death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Obstructive colonic cancer.

The records of 121 patients with obstructing cancer of the colon were reviewed. About one-third of the patients had metastatic disease at the time of operation. Primary resection and anastomosis of the intestine was performed for most cancers of the ascending or transverse colon. Hartmann's procedure was performed in most patients with cancer of the sigmoid colon and rectum. Wound infection occurred in 20 patients (16.5%) and anastomotic leakage in six (4.9%). The operative mortality rate was 14.9%. The 5-year survival rate was 13.5%. Acute colonic obstruction is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The high incidence of advanced disease, advanced age, delay in tumour excision and unprepared bowel are some of the factors resulting in the poor prognosis of these patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Seasonal variation in the incidence of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.

This retrospective study was performed in order to correlate the season with the risk of rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). From December 1968 to December 1990, 224 patients, 203 males (90.63%) and 21 females (9.37%), mean age 71 years, underwent surgery either urgently because of rupture or expansion (group A, 66 patients, 22.46%) or electively (group B, 158 patients, 70.53%) for AAA. Of the 66 patients in group A, 61 were male (92.4%) and five female (7.55%) with a mean age of 73 years. Of the 158 patients in group B, 142 were male (89.8%) and 16 female (10.1%). The frequency distribution of electively admitted and operated cases of AAA was shown to be similar during all seasons but the admissions of ruptured AAA were shown by non-parametric statistical analysis to increase during the autumn (p less than 0.05) with 43.9% of the cases being admitted during September, October and November. The male to female ratio and the ratio of the number of aneurysms ruptured to the total number of aneurysms did not change significantly. The explanation of this phenomenon is obscure and needs further epidemiological investigation to assess the seasonal variability or various parameters such as hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Carcinoma arising in a duplicated colon.

One case of adenocarcinoma arising in a duplicated transverse colon is presented. Its unusual feature was the site of the carcinoma origin, which was the true colonic segment and not the duplication.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

Continuous extrapleural intercostal nerve block after pleurectomy.

A randomised, double blind trial was carried out in 16 patients undergoing pleurectomy to assess the effect of continuous extrapleural intercostal block on postoperative pain and pulmonary function. Subjective pain relief was assessed on a linear visual analogue scale. Pulmonary function was measured on the day before operation and daily for five days after surgery. Eight patients received bupivacaine and eight placebo (saline). The mean pain scores at 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours were 13.3, 8.5, 6.1, and 10 mm respectively in the bupivacaine group compared with 56.3, 41, 46.7, and 35 in the control group; in addition, the bupivacaine group required less papaveretum. Twenty four hours after surgery mean values of peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced vital capacity were reduced to 82%, 76%, and 76% of preoperative control values in the bupivacaine group, and to 39%, 32%, and 36% in the control group. The speed of recovery of pulmonary function was superior in the bupivacaine group. There were no complications related to the infusion. Continuous extrapleural intercostal nerve blockade with bupivacaine provides safe and effective postoperative analgesia and improves respiratory mechanics after pleurectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biliary tract infections treated with ciprofloxacin.

Thirty-two patients with severe biliary tract infections (cholecystitis and cholangitis) were treated with ciprofloxacin intravenously followed by oral ciprofloxacin. Complete clinical and bacteriological cure has been observed in 28 out of 32 patients and therapy failure occurred in four patients. Overall, no major adverse effects were encountered. These data suggest that intravenous ciprofloxacin followed by oral administration is an effective and safe agent for the therapy of severe biliary tract infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of various types of splenectomy on the development of B-16 melanoma in mice.

260 CB57BL/J6 mice were used in an experimental protocol designed to investigate the effects of 4 different varieties of splenectomy on the growth rate of subcutaneously implanted GB-16 melanoma. In addition, the mean and absolute survival of the mice, the histopathology of the tumour and the effects of the same procedures on the immunological status of the tumour-bearing animals as assessed by serum IgG levels and immunoelectrophoresis were determined. The effects of the timing of the splenectomy and the removal of the primary tumour after splenectomy on the above parameters were also annotated. The following were found: First, splenectomy performed 1 week after B-16 melanoma tumour implantation in mice i.e. in the early period of oncogenesis, lengthened the survival of the grafted experiments, delayed tumour growth, reduced the "activity" of the tumour and caused pseudoencapsulation of the tumour by fibrous tissue. It increased, but not by a statistically significant degree (p > 0.05), the circulating levels of the IgG immunoglobulin. Second, splenectomy performed 4 weeks prior to grafting of the same tumour did not affect the circulating IgG levels, nor did it prolong survival; however, it reduced the rate of tumour growth and pseudoencapsulation of the tumour was observed. Third, splenectomy at the early stages of oncogenesis in combination with surgical removal of the primary tumour increased absolute and mean survival, delayed the tumour growth rate, increased the time to relapse and reduced the "activity" of the pseudocapsulated tumour.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changing trends in hepatic resection for malignant liver tumours.

The records of 57 patients who underwent 65 liver resections for malignant tumours were reviewed. All patients were treated from August 1989 to November 1992 at the Hammersmith Hospital. The type of resections performed were: 13 extended right hepatectomies, 12 right hepatectomies, 12 left hepatectomies, 1 extended left hepatectomy, 7 unisegmentectomies, 10 bisegmentectomies, 3 trisegmentectomies and 3 non-anatomical resections. Operative mortality was 1.5% (1 patient). Repeated liver resections for tumour recurrence were performed in 6 patients with satisfactory early results. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 19.7 +/- 14.2 days. Improvements in operative results have led to relaxation of resectability criteria. A policy of liver resection for "early" tumours for cure has been extended to "advanced" lesions for symptoms palliation. Liver resection still remains a major operation but has become a routine safe surgical procedure.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗