Biomedical subjects

Gan Huang

Publications and source records attributed to Gan Huang.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Diagnostic value of carboxypeptidase-H autoantibodies in detecting latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of carboxypeptidase-H (CPH) autoantibodies in Chinese patients with the latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). METHODS: One hundred and fifty-four Type 1 diabetes, 104 Type 2 diabetes, and 144 healthy people were enrolled. Recombinant human CPH (54 kD) was labeled by in vitro translation with 35S-methionine and used to evaluate autoantibodies to CPH (CPH-Ab). Radioimmunoassay was applied to detect antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-Ab), intracellular part of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA2ic-Ab), and autoantibodies to insulin (IAA). RESULTS: No differences in CPH-Ab prevalence were found among Type 1 diabetic patients (5/154, 3.2%), Type 2 diabetic subjects (6/104, 5.7%),and the healthy controls (3/144, 2.1%). The prevalences of GAD-Ab, IA2ic-Ab, and IAA were 15.4% (16/104), 2.9% (3/104), and 2.3% (1/43), respectively in Type 2 diabetes. All IA2ic-Ab or IAA-positive patients with Type 2 diabetes were GAD-Ab-positive. No GAD-Ab- or IAA-positive subjects were observed in CPH-Ab-positive patients with Type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION: CPH-Ab may provide some diagnostic value for LADA, and improve the sensitivity in diagnosing LADA in Chinese when combined with GAD-Ab test in Type 2 diabetes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Quality control of radioligand assay for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody].

OBJECTIVE: To supply the quality control for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) measurement using radioligand assay. METHODS: The quality control of GAD-Ab determined with radioligand assay in 83 batches was analyzed. RESULTS: The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 4.3% to approximately 8.3% and the inter-assay CV was 7.1% to approximately 10.8%. A ratio of signal to noise (S/N) with 15 or more was defined as a valid measurement. Of the 83 batches, 67 batches (80.7%) met with the standard and the other 16 (19.3%) were not qualified. When the results were analyzed according to the season, the failure rate in summer was significantly higher than that in winter (38.5% vs 4.8%, P < 0.05). In addition, the mean value of S/N in summer was significantly lower than that in winter ( 14.1 +/- 7. 3 vs. 21.5 +/- 5.2, P < 0.01). Among the failed batches, 68.8% (11/16) was caused by TBST buffer and 50% (8/16) due to the increased temperature of TBST buffer. Other causes for the failure included the invalidation of reagents for in vitro transcription and translation. CONCLUSION: TBST buffer and other influential factors of radioligand assay in determining GAD-Ab, should be controlled strictly to ensure a reliable and repeatable result.

Autoantibodies↗

PubMed2002

[Age related changes of serum sex hormone levels and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in healthy women].

OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of serum sex hormone levels and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) activity in healthy women of different ages, and to provide parameters for basic and clinical research of osteoporosis. METHODS: Serum sex hormone (FSH, LH, E2, P) levels and TRACP activity were measured in 236 premenopausal healthy women aged 23-53 years and divided into 3 groups, and in 91 postmenopausal healthy women aged 48-71 years. RESULTS: Except serum FSH levels which were significantly higher in the third group than those of the other groups in premenopausal healthy women (P < 0.05), no significant difference in sex hormone levels and TRACP activity was found among the 3 groups; the postmenopausal group showed a significant increase in serum FSH, LH levels and TRACP activity and a significant decrease in serum E2, P levels, compared with the premenopausal groups (P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between E2, P levels and TRACP activity in the postmenopausal women (r = -0.41 and -0.37, respectively, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal diminution of E2, P results in an increase of serum FSH and LH levels, and may bring about an increase of bone resorption, which results in the increase of TRACP activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed2002

Age-related bone mineral density, accumulated bone loss rate and prevalence of osteoporosis at multiple skeletal sites in chinese women.

We investigated the age-related bone mineral density (BMD), accumulated bone loss rate (ABLR) and the prevalence of osteoporosis at different skeletal sites in Chinese women. BMD was measured at the anteroposterior (AP) spine, supine lateral spine (areal BMD at the midarea [mLat] and the whole region [Lat], volumetric BMD at the middle region [MVD] and total region [TVD]), hip (femoral neck [FN], trochanter [Troc] and Ward's triangle [Ward's]) and forearm (radius + ulna ultradistal [RUUD], 1/3 region [RU1/3] and total region [RUT]) using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) fan-beam bone densitometer (Hologic QDR 4500A) in 2702 females aged from 5 to 96 years old. Data were analyzed by eight different regression models. We found that the cubic regression model was the best for describing age-related changes in BMD. The coefficients of determination ( R(2)) of the fitting curve were 0.398 to 0.612 ( p = 0.000). The data were then analyzed by 5-year age groups. This showed that the earliest peak BMD was at the age of 20-24 years at Troc and Ward's, and the latest at the age of 40-44 years at RU1/3 and RUT of the distal forearm. Compared with BMD, the ABLRs were highest at Ward's (-66.2%) and the lowest at RU1/3 of the distal forearm (-31.3%) in subjects over 80 years old. The prevalence of osteoporosis at at least one site in these women was 0.5 +/- 0.4% in those 30-39, 4.6 +/- 4.4% in those 40-49, 23.9 +/- 13.3% in those 50-59, 56.3 +/- 20.3% in those 60-69, 71.8 +/- 16.7% in those 70-79 and 83.2 +/- 12.1% those over 80 years of age, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis in these women was 8.6-11.1% at the age of 40-49 and 36.5-40.6% at the age of 50-59 at the lateral spine regions (mLat, Lat, MVD and TVD), and 0.5-3.7% at the age of 40-49 and and 3.9-21.7% at the age of 50-59 years at the other skeletal sites (AP, FN, Troc, Ward's, RUUD, RU1/3 and RUT). Significant differences were found in the prevalence of osteoporosis between the lateral spine regions and other skeletal sites ( p<0.001) at the age of 40-59 years. In summary, we demonstrated significant age-related differences in peak BMD, ABLR and osteoporosis prevalence among various skeletal sites. Our data suggest that the supine lateral spine is the most sensitive site for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, especially in the early menopausal period, although the prevalence of osteoporosis varied with age and with different sites measured.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rosiglitazone combined with insulin preserves islet beta cell function in adult-onset latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA).

BACKGROUND: LADA is thought to result from the chronic autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. In addition to antidiabetic effects, the newly developed insulin sensitizer-thiazolidinediones have the potential to increase the insulin content of islet cells by downregulating local inflammation and autoimmune response. Therefore, we hypothesized that LADA patients might benefit from thiazolidinediones treatment. METHODS: LADA patients, with a fasting C-peptide (FCP) of 0.3 nmol/L or more, were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous insulin alone (insulin group, n = 12) or rosiglitazone plus insulin (insulin + RSG group, n = 11) to compare the impacts on islet beta cell function. Plasma glucose, HbA 1c, fasting C-peptide (FCP) and C-peptide after 2 h 75-g glucose load (PCP) were determined every 6 months. GAD-Ab and C-peptide were measured with radioimmune assays. Islet beta cell function was evaluated by PCP and DeltaCP(DeltaCP = PCP-FCP). RESULTS: All of the 23 patients have been followed up for 6 months, 17 cases for 12 months and 14 for 18 months. (1) During 6 months' follow-up, there were no significant changes for DeltaCP and PCP levels in both groups. (2) PCP and DeltaCP levels in insulin + RSG group patients stayed steady during the 12 months' observation (P = 0.161 for both PCP and DeltaCP), while in the insulin alone group, both FCP (P = 0.021) and PCP (P = 0.028) levels decreased significantly. Furthermore, PCP (P = 0.004) and DeltaCP(P = 0.015) differences between 12th month and baseline were higher in insulin + RSG group than those in the insulin group. (3) When observed up to 18 months, PCP and DeltaCP levels in insulin + RSG group patients still stayed steady, while PCP and DeltaCP levels decreased more in the insulin alone group. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests that rosiglitazone combined with insulin may preserve islet beta cell function in LADA patients.

Age of Onset↗