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Geoffrey E Rose

Publications and source records attributed to Geoffrey E Rose.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dacryocystorhinostomy in patients lacking an ipsilateral nasal cavity.

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) remains the surgery of choice for the treatment of epiphora secondary to nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction. It involves creating a direct soft-tissue anastomosis between the lacrimal sac and the ipsilateral nasal cavity, via an osteotomy created by removal of the floor of the lacrimal fossa and surrounding bone. Successful surgery clearly requires the presence of a nasal space and absence of this poses a surgical challenge. We describe three patients with absent nasal cavity on the side of lacrimal obstruction, where DCR was performed by the creation of an anastomosis between the lacrimal sac and the contralateral nasal space.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Orbital carcinoid metastases.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a series of patients with metastatic orbital carcinoid tumors. DESIGN: Retrospective case series and literature review. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Patients were identified from the orbital database and pathology records at Moorfields Eye Hospital. Records were evaluated for age at presentation, race, gender, laterality, visual function and clinical features, site of orbital metastasis, treatment, and outcome. The site of the primary tumor, presence of systemic symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the primary tumor, and current survival status were also noted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time from tumor to death. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (9 male) had an average age at biopsy-proven diagnosis of 65.3 years. The primary tumor was ileal in 7, colonic in 4, and from bronchus and breast (1 each); in 9 patients, the primary tumor was already known. Eleven of the 13 patients had noted a mass, 8 had diplopia, 3 had reduced vision, and only 2 had orbital pain. One patient presented with visual hallucinations. Imaging showed single muscle enlargement in 7 patients, a discrete mass in 5, and diffuse fat infiltration in 1 patient. Six patients underwent a meta-iodobenzyl guanidine/octreotide scan and metastatic disease was found in 4. Four patients underwent exenteration, 5 had radiotherapy after tumor debulking, 2 had radiotherapy alone, and 2 patients had local radiotherapy with receptor-targeted chemotherapy. Seven patients died from metastatic tumor. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 5-year survival rate of 72% and a 10-year survival rate of 38%. Comparison of the current series with other published series shows a significant difference (improvement) in survival at 5 years (P = 0.027) but not at 10 years (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The largest published series of orbital carcinoid tumors is presented, there being a recent trend towards less aggressive surgical management and probably a greater survival rate.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Outcome of external dacryocystorhinostomy combined with membranectomy of a distal canalicular obstruction.

PURPOSE: To investigate the accuracy of the preoperative evaluation in identifying a membranous obstruction of the distal canaliculus and the success rate of an external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) when membranectomy of the canalicular obstruction is also performed. DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series. METHODS: The surgical records of the lacrimal cases operated at Moorfields Eye Hospital between January 1997 and December 1999 were reviewed. All the patients with evidence of a membranous block of the canalicular opening into the sac identified and excised during the course of a standard DCR procedure with silastic intubation and a minimum follow-up period of 12 months were selected for this study. The records were analyzed for preoperative evaluation with syringing and probing, surgical details, outcome, and complications. RESULTS: In 59 (85%) cases a functional anastomosis was established after tube removal. Additionally, 5 cases (7%) had patent system but required later ectropion repair and considered successful. Only 4 (6%) patients needed further lacrimal surgery, and one was referred to the ENT department for nasal polyps. The silastic tube was removed at a mean period of 6 weeks (SD = 4; range, 2-24 weeks), and the mean follow-up period was 13 months (SD = 3; range, 12-29 months). The preoperative evaluation failed to identify the membranous obstruction in 30 (43%) cases, which were correctly diagnosed intraoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: In our series the anatomic success rate of 92% after DCR with membranectomy is comparable to the outcome of the DCR procedure. The distal canalicular membranous obstruction is an anatomic factor that may lead to surgical failure if not identified and excised.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Renal cell carcinoma metastasis masquerading as recurrent orbital haematoma.

A 70 year old man developed orbital haemorrhage after retrobulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery and biopsy of a persistent lateral rectus mass suggested organising haematoma. Subsequent progression of the mass was shown, on repeated biopsy, to be due to metastatic renal cell carcinoma--a tumour recognised for its angiogenic and haemorrhagic potential.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Lacrimal gland orbital lobe cysts associated with MALT lymphoma and primary Sjögren's syndrome.

PURPOSE: To describe, for the first time, the occurrence of a large cyst in the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland in association with marginal zone B-cell MALT lymphoma in three female patients, two of whom also had primary Sjögren's syndrome. METHODS: Retrospective case note review. RESULTS: Three female patients, aged 35, 41 and 47 years, presented with progressive proptosis caused by an enlarging cyst within the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland. Two of the patients had primary Sjögren's syndrome. Excision of the cyst and part of the lacrimal gland revealed marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type within the gland or wall of the cyst in all cases. The cysts were partially lined by ductular epithelium. One patient had systemic lymphoma, was treated with chemotherapy and remains in remission one year later; the other two had disease apparently confined to the lacrimal gland and are disease-free at 9 months and at three years after local irradiation, respectively. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of cysts affecting the orbital lobe of the lacrimal gland in patients with B-cell MALT lymphoma of the gland. Although cystic changes have been described in other exocrine glands, lung and thymus in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, this association has also not been described in the lacrimal gland before.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Orbital varices, cranial defects, and encephaloceles: an unrecognized association.

PURPOSE: To highlight an apparently unreported association between orbital varices and malformations of the cranial skeleton with or without abnormalities of the underlying cerebral parenchyma. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative review of case notes and radiologic imaging. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred ten patients attending the Orbital Clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, with a diagnosis of low-pressure, low-flow orbital venous anomalies. METHODS: All available orbital imaging for patients with orbital venous anomalies was examined. For those with defects of the cranial base, the radiologic characteristics were noted and the clinical details were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The presence and type of orbital roof or medial wall defects and associated nasal or other cranial anomalies. RESULTS: Imaging was adequate for review in 222 of 310 patients (72%), and anomalies of the neighboring cranium or cerebral structure were found in 10 of 222 patients (4.5%). In the group with cranial anomalies, the proportion of men (7/10; 70%) did not significantly differ from that in the group with varices but without cranial anomalies (93/212; 44%; P = 0.19, Fisher exact test). Orbital varices were associated with 3 types of cranial anomaly: major midline encephaloceles (type I anomaly; 4 cases), large superomedial defects of the orbital wall (type II; 3 cases), or defects of the greater wing of the sphenoid (type III; 3 cases). CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of significant cranio-orbital or cranionasal anomalies in patients with orbital venous anomalies; these anomalies can vary from minor defects in the cranial base to large encephalomeningoceles. This rare association should not be overlooked when orbital varices become markedly inflamed, because intranasal encephaloceles are a known predisposition to recurrent meningitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The giant fornix syndrome: an unrecognized cause of chronic, relapsing, grossly purulent conjunctivitis.

AIM: To describe a group of elderly patients presenting with chronic, relapsing, copiously purulent conjunctivitis, in which the condition was often perpetuated by the sequestration of a large number of bacteria on a protein coagulum lodged in the recesses of a large upper conjunctival fornix. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of a noncomparative case series, drawn from patients attending the lacrimal clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital. OUTCOME MEASURES: Characterization of this unrecognized syndrome and its response to treatment. RESULTS: Twelve patients (10 female) presented between the ages of 77 and 93 years (mean, 85; median, 86) with a history of chronic relapsing bacterial conjunctivitis affecting, with 2 exceptions, just one eye. All had experienced multiple episodes of markedly purulent conjunctivitis and chronic ocular discharge for between 8 and 48 months (mean, 23.5; median, 24) before referral, and the patients had received multiple courses of treatment. Three had successful external dacryocystorhinostomy (for nasolacrimal duct occlusion) before the final diagnosis of giant fornix syndrome was made, 9 had developed corneal vascularization and scarring before referral, and 5 had suffered prior spontaneous corneal perforation or thinning. All patients had deep upper conjunctival fornices in association with the changes of age-related dehiscence of the levator muscle aponeurosis. Copious amounts of thick, purulent debris and a yellow coagulum were lodged in the depths of the upper fornix-this debris universally culturing Staphylococcus aureus. The condition settled rapidly on appropriate systemic antibiotics (ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin), intensive topical antibiotics, and high-dose, high-potency steroids; some patients required repeated treatment or needed to continue the use of a single drop of a combined steroid-antibiotic to prevent relapse. CONCLUSION: The capacious upper fornix of the elderly may harbor a coagulum colonized by S. aureus, leading to chronic conjunctivitis that may lead to severe sight impairment due to toxic keratopathy and secondary corneal vascularization.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Pyoderma gangrenosum of the ocular adnexa: a rare condition with characteristic clinical appearances.

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical characteristics of periocular pyoderma gangrenosum and to highlight features that may encourage early diagnosis of this extremely rare condition. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Four patients with periocular pyoderma gangrenosum were treated in the Orbital Unit at Moorfields Eye Hospital over the course of a decade. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presenting clinical features, therapy, and outcome. RESULTS: Four patients (female) between the ages of 56 and 75 years (mean, 65 years; median, 64 years) sought treatment for slowly evolving, painful, unilateral blue-gray swellings of the pretarsal tissues of the lower (1 case), upper (1 case), or both eyelids (2 cases). The swelling progressed to frank tissue necrosis and loss of full-thickness eyelid, with patchy sparing of the lid margin or lashes; in some cases, there was a very distinctive preservation of the pretarsal marginal artery across full-thickness eyelid defects. The lid loss characteristically involved the lateral one third of the lower eyelid (3 of 4 lids), the central part of the upper eyelid (3 of 4 lids) and, in one case, extending into the postseptal tissues in the inferotemporal quadrant of the orbit. In 3 patients, the pyoderma, often associated with a positive serum rheumatoid factor (three of three cases where measured), responded well to systemic immunosuppression and eyelid repair was undertaken during the quiescent phase. In a single patient, relapsing disease led to loss of the eye as a result of involvement of the globe and deep orbital tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Although an extremely rare condition, periocular pyoderma gangrenosum has a typical clinical appearance, and early recognition and immunosuppression will reduce the ocular morbidity.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Clinical and radiologic characteristics of the imploding antrum, or "silent sinus," syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: To present the clinical and radiologic details of a series of patients with the imploding antrum, or silent sinus, syndrome, together with examples of the surgical findings and management. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen patients assessed in the Orbital Service at Moorfields Eye Hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of clinical signs, symptoms, and radiologic signs. RESULTS: Seven men and seven women, between the ages of 25 and 78 years (mean, 41.3 years), had unilateral enophthalmos, their having noted the anomaly for an average of 8 months (range, 1-36 months). All patients were nonsmokers. There was no evidence of progression of the condition in eight cases followed up for up to 63 months. On the affected side, there was 1 to 4 mm enophthalmos and up to 4 mm hypoglobus, with secondary narrowing of the vertical palpebral aperture in some cases, but no effect on visual function, and there was significant disturbance of ocular motility in only one case. The condition is characterized radiologically by a smooth inward bowing of the walls of the maxillary antrum on the affected side, with secondary enophthalmos and hypoglobus. In all 14 cases, the maxillary roof (orbital floor) was drawn downwards, and the medial and posterolateral walls of the maxilla were concave in 13 cases where it could be assessed. In one patient, there was associated inward collapse of the ipsilateral ethmoid complex. There was a patchy loss of mineral from the maxillary roof in 9 of 13 cases and, where the posterolateral maxillary wall was affected, there was a concomitant increase in the radiolucency (fat) of the pterygopalatine fossa. Some soft-tissue changes were present in the affected antrum in all 14 patients, and there was an air-fluid level in three patients. In 12 patients where septal deviation was present, this was to the affected side in 10 (83%), and an abnormally directed middle turbinate was also frequently observed (10 of 14 cases). CONCLUSIONS: The silent sinus syndrome mainly presents as unilateral enophthalmos in younger people and has very characteristic clinical and radiologic signs with, in many cases, abnormal intranasal anatomic characteristics on the affected side. The condition may be exclusive to nonsmokers. The acute onset and long-term stability of the condition suggests that, although chronic and largely asymptomatic sinus disease may be the underlying cause, an acute event precipitates collapse of the orbital floor or (in fact) a widespread "implosion" of all antral walls resulting from maxillary atelectasis. Therefore, we prefer the term imploding antrum syndrome-describing the relatively acute, symptomatic, event-rather than the name silent sinus syndrome, which relates to a putative underlying mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Clinical features and treatment of late enophthalmos after orbital decompression: a condition suggesting cause for idiopathic "imploding antrum" (silent sinus) syndrome.

PURPOSE: To review the clinical and radiologic characteristics of a group of patients who experienced late enophthalmos after bone-removing orbital decompression. The surgical management of these patients is presented and a hypothesis proposed to explain the idiopathic "imploding antrum" ("silent sinus") syndrome. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Six patients experienced relative enophthalmos, hypoglobus, and upper eyelid sulcus deformity at between 3 and 6 months after bone-removing orbital decompression for thyroid orbitopathy. Five left orbits and one right orbit were affected. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent middle meatal antrostomy, together with mobilization and elevation of the collapsed orbital contents by firm packing of the affected maxillary antrum through a buccal antrostomy, the pack being removed about 3 weeks after placement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Symptomatic improvement and reduction in the degree of relative enophthalmos, hypoglobus, and upper eyelid sulcus deformity. RESULTS: Late-onset enophthalmos after orbital decompression was associated with clinical and radiologic features that resemble the idiopathic imploding antrum syndrome. In all patients, the ethmoidal infundibulum was obstructed by prolapsed orbital fat with secondary antral consolidation, and inward bowing of the maxillary walls was present in five of six patients. After antral drainage and packing, there was an improvement in enophthalmos (mean, 2.7 mm; range, 0-4 mm) and all but one globe returned to within 2 mm of exophthalmometry of the contralateral eye. For recurrent enophthalmos in two patients (minor in one patient and marked in the other), later repair of the orbital floor was undertaken through a lower eyelid swinging flap, using porous polythene sheet, with good cosmetic outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Late-onset enophthalmos after bone-removing orbital decompression seems to be the result of obstruction of maxillary antral aeration, with secondary fluid retention and a subatmospheric pressure in the sinus. This iatrogenic condition, associated in most cases with inward collapse of the maxillary walls, provides a guide to a hypothetical mechanism for the idiopathic imploding antrum (silent sinus) syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Downgaze "hang-up" of the upper eyelid in patients with adult-onset ptosis: an important sign of possible orbital malignancy.

PURPOSE: To highlight, in patients with adult-onset ptosis, the importance of upper eyelid hang-up during downgaze as a clinical sign of serious orbital disease. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational case series. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of the presenting clinical symptoms and signs for a series of seven patients, some referred for treatment of adult-onset ptosis, with hang-up of the upper eyelid on down-gaze. RESULTS: All patients had symptoms of upper eyelid ptosis at presentation, starting at ages ranging from 29 to 81 years (mean, 64 years; median, 70 years). All patients displayed marked hang-up of the affected upper lid on downgaze, and the levator excursion was reduced (range, 2-13 mm; mean, 9 mm) compared with the asymptomatic side. All patients with downgaze hang-up had associated orbital malignancy, but they otherwise had only minimal or no underlying orbital disease. Exophthalmometry varied between subtle (1 mm) relative enophthalmos in two cases, to mild relative proptosis (3/7 cases; range, 2-3 mm). Ipsilateral up gaze was reduced in 4 of 7 patients (57%). CONCLUSION: In contrast to patients with adult-onset blepharoptosis (resulting from dehiscence of the levator muscle aponeurosis), adults presenting with ptosis resulting from malignant infiltration of the upper orbital tissues may display hang-up of the upper eyelid in downgaze. This important sign should alert the clinician to the possibility of serious underlying orbital disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Clinical presentation of patients with dacryolithiasis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the demographic characteristics and presentation of patients having dacryolithiasis with those who are free of stones at the time of dacryocystorhinostomy. DESIGN: Retrospective, comparative case series. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: Patients undergoing treatment in the Lacrimal Service at Moorfields Eye Hospital between 1989 and 1999. Group 1 patients, with lacrimal sac stones found at lacrimal surgery, were compared with three other groups undergoing open lacrimal surgery: a stone-free group with epiphora only (group 2), a stone-free group with dacryocystitis (group 3), and a consecutive cohort of unselected patients operated on over a 5-week period (group 4). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient demographic characteristics, duration of epiphora, or a history of preceding dacryocystitis were related to the presence or absence of dacryoliths. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients (22 female; 61%) between the ages of 19 and 85 years (mean, 53.8 years; median, 52.5 years) had either single (22 cases; 61%) or multiple dacryoliths. Half of these patients had previous attacks of dacryocystitis. Group 1 patients (with stones) sought treatment earlier than all of the other groups: 13.5 months compared with 36.5 months (group 2; P = 0.01), 48.7 months (group 3; P = 0.05), and 52.2 months (group 4; P = 0.02). Group 1 patients are much more likely to have prior attacks of dacryocystitis than patients without stones (18/36 in group 1, 10/45 in stone-free patients; P = 0.009). In all groups, there was a slight preponderance of females, but there was no difference in gender or age at presentation. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with dacryolithiasis are likely to have a shorter history of epiphora and previous attacks of dacryocystitis at presentation. There is no gender or age difference between the lacrimal stone and stone-free patients undergoing open lacrimal surgery.

Adult↗