Biomedical subjects

George Em Karniadakis

Publications and source records attributed to George Em Karniadakis.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Schmidt number effects in dissipative particle dynamics simulation of polymers.

Simulation studies for dilute polymeric systems are presented using the dissipative particle dynamics method. By employing two different thermostats, the velocity-Verlet and Lowe's scheme, we show that the Schmidt number (S(c)) of the solvent strongly affects nonequilibrium polymeric quantities. The fractional extension of wormlike chains subjected to steady shear is obtained as a function of S(c). Poiseuille flow in microchannels for fixed polymer concentration and varying number of repeated units within a chain is simulated. The nonuniform concentration profiles and their dependence on S(c) are computed. We show the effect of the bounce-forward wall boundary condition on the depletion layer thickness. A power law fit of the velocity profile in stratified Poiseuille flow in a microchannel yields wall viscosities different from bulk values derived from uniform, steady plane Couette flow. The form of the velocity profiles indicates that the slip flow model is not useful for the conditions of these calculations.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2006

Controlling density fluctuations in wall-bounded dissipative particle dynamics systems.

Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulations of wall-bounded flows exhibit density fluctuations that depend strongly on the no-slip boundary condition and increase with the level of coarse graining. We develop an adaptive model for wall-particle interactions that eliminates such oscillations and can target prescribed density profiles. Comparisons are made with ideal no-slip boundary conditions and molecular dynamics simulations. The new model is general and can be used in other coarse-grained particle methods.

DNA↗

PubMed2006

Evidence of holes in the Arnold tongues of flow past two oscillating cylinders.

The wake of two oscillating cylinders in a tandem arrangement is a nonlinear system that displays Arnold tongues. We show by numerical simulations that their geometry depends on the phase difference theta between the two oscillating cylinders. At theta = 0 there may be holes inside these intraresonance regions unlike the solid Arnold tongues encountered in single-cylinder oscillations. This implies that, surprisingly, self-excitation of the system may be suppressed inside these holes, at conditions close to its natural frequency.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

A comparative study between dissipative particle dynamics and molecular dynamics for simple- and complex-geometry flows.

The purpose of this study is to compare the results from molecular-dynamics and dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations of Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluid and determine the quantitative effects of DPD coarse graining on flow parameters. We illustrate how to select the conservative force coefficient, the cut-off radius, and the DPD time scale in order to simulate a LJ fluid. To show the effects of coarse graining and establish accuracy in the DPD simulations, we conduct equilibrium simulations, Couette flow simulations, Poiseuille flow simulations, and simulations of flow around a periodic array of square cylinders. For the last flow problem, additional comparisons are performed against continuum simulations based on the spectral/hp element method.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Dissipative particle dynamics simulations of polymer chains: scaling laws and shearing response compared to DNA experiments.

Dissipative particle dynamics simulations of several bead-spring representations of polymer chains in dilute solution are used to demonstrate the correct static scaling laws for the radius of gyration. Shear flow results for the wormlike chain simulating single DNA molecules compare well with average extensions from experiments, irrespective of the number of beads. However, coarse graining with more than a few beads degrades the agreement of the autocorrelation of the extension.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMed2004

Noisy inflows cause a shedding-mode switching in flow past an oscillating cylinder.

Vortex streets formed behind oscillating bluff bodies consist of arrays of groups of two, three, or four vortices classified as 2S, P+S, and 2P shedding modes, respectively. The prevailing dominant mode depends primarily on the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillation and on the Reynolds number. We investigate the effect of noise at the inflow on the stability of these vortex modes in laminar flow past a circular cylinder. We employ stochastic simulations based on a new polynomial chaos method to study the shedding-mode switching from a P+S pattern to a 2S mode in the presence of noise.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2004

Dynamics of self-assembled chaining in magnetorheological fluids.

The aggregation dynamics of paramagnetic spherical particles embedded in a viscous fluid is investigated via numerical simulations using a fully coupled three-dimensional model. Particles experience simultaneously Brownian motion, dipolar magnetic attraction, and multibody hydrodynamic interactions. When the dipole strength characterizing the ratio of magnetic attraction to random diffusion exceeds a critical value, particles join together forming supraparticle structures. As time evolves, particle/chain and chain/ chain interactions lead to a continuous increase of the cluster size. The mean length of particle chains has a power-law dependence with respect to time, as predicted by the theory of diffusion-limited aggregation. Both the exponent and the characteristic time scale agree very well with the experimental results of Promislow et al.

Journal Article↗