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George Henry

Publications and source records attributed to George Henry.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

SNOMAD (Standardization and NOrmalization of MicroArray Data): web-accessible gene expression data analysis.

SNOMAD is a collection of algorithms for the normalization and standardization of gene expression datasets derived from diverse biological and technological sources. In addition to conventional transformations and visualization tools, SNOMAD includes two non-linear transformations which correct for bias and variance which are non-uniformly distributed across the range of microarray element signal intensities: (1). Local mean normalization; and (2). Local variance correction (Z-score generation using a locally calculated standard deviation).

Algorithms↗
PubMed2002

Local mean normalization of microarray element signal intensities across an array surface: quality control and correction of spatially systematic artifacts.

Here we present a methodology for the normalization of element signal intensities to a mean intensity calculated locally across the surface of a DNA microarray. These methods allow the detection and/or correction of spatially systematic artifacts in microarray data. These include artifacts that can be introduced during the robotic printing, hybridization, washing, or imaging of microarrays. Using array element signal intensities alone, this local mean normalization process can correct for such artifacts because they vary across the surface of the array. The local mean normalization can be usedfor quality control and data correction purposes in the analysis of microarray data. These algorithms assume that array elements are not spatially ordered with regard to sequence or biological function and require that this spatial mapping is identical between the two sets of intensities to be compared. The tool described in this report was developed in the R statistical language and is freely available on the Internet as part of a larger gene expression analysis package. This Web implementation is interactive and user-friendly and allows the easy use of the local mean normalization tool described here, without programming expertise or downloading of additional software.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meniscal ossicles in large non-domestic cats.

Radiographs of the stifles of 6 species of 34 large, non-domestic cats were reviewed foremost for the presence of meniscal ossicles and then for the presence of the other potential four sesamoids. The animals in the review included 12 lions, 7 tigers, 7 cougars, 3 leopards, 3 bobcats, and 2 jaguars. Fluoroscopy, arthrography, computed tomography, necropsy, and histology were also used to evaluate the stifles of one tiger after euthanasia. Ossicles were found in the region of the cranial horn of the medial meniscus in most of the lions, tigers, leopards, and jaguars. These ossicles were found in half of the cougars but in none of the bobcats. Among the large, non-domestic cats, meniscal ossicles had been reported previously only in Bengal tigers. The lions, tigers, and leopards having meniscal ossicles appeared to have a lateral but often not a medial fabella of the gastrocnemius muscle, an observation previously unreported. Popliteal sesamoids and patellas were present in all the skeletally mature cats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthopaedic manifestations of Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome.

Two patients with Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome had striking orthopaedic abnormalities that seemed to arise from multiple areas of physeal growth arrest. Major involvement was seen in the distal femora, where bilateral hypoplasia of the lateral condyles resulted in progressive valgus, patellar dislocation, and quadriceps dysfunction. Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome seems to arise from an error in lysosomal handling of lipids. Timely orthopaedic intervention may be helpful in prolonging ambulation in these patients.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗