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Biomedical subjects

George Moll

Publications and source records attributed to George Moll.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Child routines and youths' adherence to treatment for type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic life-threatening disease that requires strict adherence to daily treatment tasks. Although necessary for survival, children who present with behavior problems tend to show problems complying with the treatment regimen, thereby increasing their risk for morbidity and premature mortality. The risk of poor treatment adherence is hypothesized to be lower for these children, however, if they engage in more routine behaviors. Given the potential clinical implications, this hypothesis and two theoretical models proposed to elucidate the underlying psychological process for the role of child routines in treatment adherence were evaluated empirically. The first model hypothesized that child routines protect (moderator variable) behaviorally problematic children from poor treatment adherence, whereas the alternative model hypothesized that child routines mediate the relation between childhood behavior problems and poor treatment adherence. METHODS: Parents of T1DM patients (N = 111) ranging from 6 to 16 years of age (M = 12 years) reported on their child's behavior problems, routine behaviors, and adherence to treatment for T1DM using standardized measures. Baron and Kenny's statistical procedures for testing moderation and mediation hypotheses were used to evaluate the proposed models. RESULTS: Regression analyses did not support the moderation hypothesis but did support the hypothesis that engaging in child routines mediates the relation between childhood behavior problems and poor treatment adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Parents of behaviorally problematic children diagnosed with T1DM might be advised to instill routines in their child's daily activities to increase the likelihood of treatment adherence, and thereby reduce the risk of morbidity and early mortality. Implications for clinical interventions are discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2005

Factor analysis of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist with a chronically ill pediatric population.

The psychometric properties and factor structure of a widely used screening measure for behavioral and emotional dysfunction, the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), was extended to a population of chronically ill children. Parents of 404 children ranging from 6 to 17 years of age and diagnosed with either insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or sickle cell disease (SCD) completed the PSC while waiting for a routine medical appointment. The measure's internal consistency was found to be high, Cronbach's alpha = .89, and test-retest reliability across 4 months was observed to be acceptable, r = .77. A principal components analysis with an oblique (promax) rotation yielded a four-factor solution with factors that included items representative of internalizing, externalizing, attention, and chronic illness-related problems, respectively. Cronbach alpha estimates ranged from .78 to .83 for the first three factors but was lower for the chronic illness-related problems factor (Cronbach's alpha = .60). A three-factor solution and reliability estimates were recomputed without the chronic illness items that yielded the same reliability estimates for each of the three factors and for the full scale. The three-factor solution was also found to be similar to a published factor structure obtained with a primary care sample, r(c) = .90-.91. The findings lend support to extending the PSC's clinical utility to tertiary care pediatric settings. Further research is recommended with a broader range of chronic illness groups to increase generalizability.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed2002

Assessing cardiovascular risk in children: the Jackson, Mississippi CRRIC Study.

According to the NHANES III study, obesity, a cardiovascular risk factor, is now an epidemic in the United States. An estimated 97 million adults and one in five children between 6 and 17 are overweight. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among a group of 3rd, 4th, and 5th graders at two randomly chosen elementary schools in Jackson, Mississippi. The sample consisted of 246 ethnic minority children. Results revealed that 16% of the boys had systolic blood pressures at or above the 90th percentile for sex and age and 13% had abnormally high diastolic blood pressures. For girls, 8% exhibited systolic blood pressures and 21% had diastolic blood pressures at or above the 90th percentile. Body mass index (BMI) levels revealed that 39% of the boys and 49% of the girls had BMIs at or above the 85th percentile for age and sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood obesity reduction by school based programs.

Childhood obesity has become one of the most common health problems facing children in America. Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reveal that ethnic minority children in the United States are at particular risk for development of cardiovascular disease due to their disproportionate levels of obesity. In treating childhood obesity among ethnic minorities, practitioners need to be mindful of the cultural norms surrounding body size. Additional concerns that must be addressed include the effects of target marketing of unhealthy foods toward ethnic minorities and environmental deterrents to outside physical activities, to name a few. Strategies given to address the problem of childhood obesity among ethnic minorities include, increasing the child's physical activity, reducing television viewing and the adoption and maintenance of healthy lifestyle practices for the entire family.

Child↗