Biomedical subjects
George Russell
Publications and source records attributed to George Russell.
Plating of rat femoral shaft osteotomies: report of a technique and preliminary results.
Development of a small animal model to study fracture healing has been challenging in the past. Stabilization of osteotomy in small animals has mainly been accomplished using Krishner wires. Krisheners offer stabilization, but can result in a significant increase in fracture callus. An alternative approach using a modified twenty-five hole 1.5 mm stainless steel plate was used to stabilize a 5 mm femoral osteotomy, and fracture stabilization was followed for a period of 15 weeks in adult male rats. Fifty four of fifty-six animals (96%) were followed 15 weeks post operatively. Within the first few days post operatively, two animals showed evidence of fixation failure due to technical error, and the animals were humanely sacrificed. Otherwise, after two days post-operatively the remaining 54 animals were weight bearing. At 15 weeks post-operatively, the fracture was stable with little bone formation evident. Therefore, this technique can effectively be used to evaluate compounds which will enhance bone formation. The technique allows for stable fixation of the control with little callus formation and bone ingrowth. This model will allow for x-ray analysis to follow bone growth in relation to bone enhancing compounds.
Decline in surgical training.
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Abdominal migraine: evidence for existence and treatment options.
There is evidence to suggest that, in children, episodic abdominal pain occurring in the absence of headache may be a migrainous phenomenon. There are four separate strands of evidence for this: the common co-existence of abdominal pain and migraine headaches; the similarity between children with episodic abdominal pain and children with migraine headaches, with respect to social and demographic factors, precipitating and relieving factors, and accompanying gastrointestinal, neurological and vasomotor features; the effectiveness of nonanalgesic migraine therapy (such as pizotifen, propanolol, cyproheptadine and the triptans) in abdominal migraine; and the finding of similar neurophysiological features in both migraine headache and abdominal migraine. Abdominal migraine is rare, but not unknown, in adults. Many families are content with a diagnosis and reassurance that the episodes, though distressing, are not the result of serious pathology. Some patients respond to simple dietary and other prophylactic measures. There is scant evidence on which to base recommendations for the drug management of abdominal migraine. What little literature exists suggests that the antimigraine drugs pizotifen, propanolol and cyproheptadine are effective prophylactics. Nasal sumatriptan (although not licensed for pediatric use) may be effective in relieving abdominal migraine attacks.