Biomedical subjects

Ghenwa K Dakdouki

Publications and source records attributed to Ghenwa K Dakdouki.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Surgical site infections following spinal surgery at a tertiary care center in Lebanon: incidence, microbiology, and risk factors.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) following spinal surgery are associated with significant morbidity and long-term complications. The epidemiology of these infections has not been previously studied in Lebanon. This nested case-control study was conducted between 2001 and 2003 at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. Cases were defined as patients who developed surgical site infection within 30 d of surgery. Controls were patients with no evidence of infection. There were 27 cases of surgical site infections among 997 surgeries with an incidence of 2.7%. Compared to controls, cases were older (mean age 59 vs 47 y, p=0.001), and were more likely to have diabetes (OR = 4.0; 95% CI 1.2-12.8) and foreign body implantation (OR = 3.4; 95% CI 1.3-9.3). Antibiotic prophylaxis was given for a range of 0-6 d in cases and 0-7 d in controls. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly isolated organisms. Hospital stay was significantly longer in cases than controls. The rates of surgical site infections following spinal surgery at our center are comparable to worldwide rates. There is unjustified overuse of prophylactic antibiotics in our patients that has the potential of inducing emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Intracerebral bleeding in a patient with neurosarcoidosis while on corticosteroid therapy.

Neurosarcoidosis can have variable clinical manifestations. Intracerebral bleeding is very rare in the setting of neurosarcoidosis and has been reported only twice. In this report, we describe a patient with neurosarcoidosis who had intracerebral bleeding while on corticosteroid therapy, despite apparent clinical improvement.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Cefepime-induced encephalopathy.

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed2004

Streptococcus pyogenes bacteremia in the setting of cholangitis.

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Bacteremia↗

PubMed2004

Different growth hormone sensitivity of target tissues and growth hormone response to glucose in HIV-infected patients with and without lipodystrophy.

Growth hormone (GH)-secretion in HIV-lipodystrophy is impaired; however, GH-sensitivity of GH-target tissues remains to be evaluated. We measured overnight fasting concentrations of GH-sensitive insulin-like growth-factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) including GH binding protein (GHBP), a marker of GH-receptor sensitivity, in antiretroviral treated HIV-infected patients with (LIPO) and without lipodystrophy (NONLIPO) and antiretroviral naive HIV-infected patients (NAIVE). Three h GH-suppression tests using oral glucose were undertaken to determine dynamics of GH-secretion. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were increased in LIPO compared with NONLIPO (p <0.05), but did not differ significantly between NONLIPO and NAIVE. Area under the curve of GH (AUC-GH) during the GH-suppression test was decreased in LIPO compared with NONLIPO (p <0.05). Ratio of limb to trunk fat, which was decreased in LIPO compared to NONLIPO and NAIVE (p <0.001), correlated positively with AUC-GH and rebound-GH (p <0.05). All groups displayed suppression of GH during the suppression test (p <0.05) and all groups, except LIPO, displayed a rebound of GH (p <0.05), which probably is explained by persistently increased plasma glucose in LIPO compared with NONLIPO and NAIVE (p <0.01). GHBP was inversely correlated with AUC-GH (p <0.01). Our data suggest that GH-target tissues in LIPO are at least as GH-sensitive as in HIV-infected patients without lipodystrophy.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2004

Clinical and microbiological profile of urinary tract infection at a tertiary-care center in Lebanon.

We compared community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) with hospital-acquired UTI at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism. Hospital-acquired E. coli isolates were often multidrug resistant. These results can be used to improve empiric treatment of UTI.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Azithromycin-induced rash in infectious mononucleosis.

Antibiotic-induced skin eruption in the setting of infectious mononucleosis is a common and well-documented clinical scenario. The skin lesions are non-specific and the mechanisms causing them are unclear. Several reports have described this entity with different antibiotic classes, mainly penicillins. Only 1 case of azithromycin-induced skin eruption has previously been described in this setting. Herein, we report the second case.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rhabdomyolysis and Salmonella typhi infection: case report and review of the literature.

Typhoid fever is endemic in Lebanon. Usual presentation includes fever, headache, abdominal pain and constipation or diarrhea. Extra-intestinal manifestations are not uncommon and involve variety of organ systems. Rhabdomyolysis is rare and has been reported in various Salmonella infections. We present a case of rhabdomyolysis and renal failure that was successfully treated with imipenem/cilastatin and hemodialysis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗