PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Giggi Udén

Publications and source records attributed to Giggi Udén.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Health education to prevent anemia among women of reproductive age in southern India.

In this study, we used a narrow, but easily measured, indicator of how communication proceeded among health workers and women in Southern India. Anemia prevention during pregnancy was studied using a semistructured questionnaire. Participants included 5 nurses, 10 health aides, and 10 (traditional birth attendants) TBAs working with maternal health care and education, as well as 32 women seeking maternal health care. Those women who received health education where they lived, from health workers they knew, and together with participants familiar to them learned more about anemia prevention than others.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Burn injuries in small children, a population-based study in Sweden.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe characteristics in burn injuries in children (zero to six years old), consulting primary care and hospital-based care in Malmö, Sweden. Burn-injured children consulting the University Hospital or the 21 Health Centres, during year 1998 and year 2002, were included. BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies of burns in children have mostly been hospital-based and the cases that never reached the hospital have been excluded. DESIGN: The study had a retroperspective design with data collected from medical records. METHODS: Chi-squared test was used to analyse differences in nominal data and cross tables were used to analyse the proportions between the characteristics of the injuries and sex, age and nationality. RESULTS: The burn-injured children were 148 and 80% of those were scalds, caused by hot liquid (71%) or hot food (29%). The greatest number was boys between one and two years old. Children to foreign born parents were more frequently affected and the extent of the injuries often larger. Almost all the accidents (96%) occurred in home environment, while a family member was next to the child. The Health Centres received more often children affected on hand/arm and by causes like hot food than the University Hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the importance of developing a programme for the prevention of paediatric scalds with education of family members to be aware of the danger. With present study the knowledge about the occurrence of injuries in scald accidents in children has become deeper. This knowledge may contribute to more individual adept child accident prevention programme, to use in the child health care.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed2006

The meaning of being supportive for family caregivers as narrated by registered nurses working in palliative homecare.

The aim of this study was to illuminate the meaning of being supportive to family caregivers who care for a relative at home as narrated by registered nurses. The context used to allow for the meaning of being supportive to be illuminated was palliative home care. The study uses a phenomenological-hermeneutical method inspired by the philosophy of Ricoeur. Data consisted of narrative interviews, which were analyzed in three recurring phases: naive reading, structural analyses and interpreted whole. Twenty nurses from the hospitals in Sweden participated in the study. Two core themes were found: forming a relationship and keeping caregiving at home.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The meaning of support as narrated by family carers who care for a senior relative at home.

The authors' aim in this study is to illuminate the meaning of support as narrated by family members who care for a senior relative at home. This study originates from a context of advanced in-home palliative care in Sweden. Twenty individuals who cared for a senior relative at home participated. Narrative interviews resulted in a text, which the authors analyzed in three recurring phases, naive understanding, structural analyses, and comprehensive understanding, using a phenomenological hermeneutical method. They formulated two themes from the analysis: Experiencing a togetherness with others in caring and Sensing togetherness with oneself in caring. The meaning of support was understood here as Sensing togetherness. In the comprehensive understanding, the authors further illuminate this meaning using literature on the concepts of friendship, inner strength, and manageability through the sense of coherence theory. They provide suggestions for relevance to practice and further research.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Compliance with child accident precautions by child health nurses.

The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which parents follow advice from child health nurses about child accident prevention. The study was performed in one of the 10 districts in the city of Malmö, Sweden. Parents to 90, 10-month old children in southern Sweden participated. These parents completed a questionnaire that prompted responses related to parents' background and socio-economic factors as well as questions about any precautions they have taken to decrease hazards to children in their home. Odds ratios, confidence intervals and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. The results indicated that lower educated parents (i.e. those with 12 years' education or less) and foreign-born parents complied with a significantly lower level. These results support the need to increase efforts in child accident prevention work. It is important for child health nurses to concentrate their efforts on foreign parents and on less educated parents. Information should be relayed regularly to these parents in a motivational way, in order to decrease risks of child accidents at home.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed2005

Sympathetic responsibility in ethically difficult situations.

BACKGROUND: Ethical issues arise in many obstetric situations and demand constant consideration by obstetricians. The aim of this study was to highlight the meaning of being in an ethically difficult situation as narrated by obstetricians. METHODS: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach using a hermeneutic phenomenological method for analysis. Interviews were performed with 14 obstetricians working in a Swedish hospital setting. RESULTS: The overriding theme was Sympathetic responsibility in the decisions of critical importance for the mother and her infant. Five related themes were to: (i) proceed with a moral reasoning that leads to the choice of a possible solution; (ii) balance one's own medical knowledge and moral insight with the needs and requests of the parents; (iii) be aware of one's medical and moral responsibility in relation to the decision made; (iv) experience the ability to take action and to make and carry out difficult and important decisions relating to the health of the mother and infant; and (v) reflect on a given situation in a manner leading to a rational acceptance of one's own conduct. CONCLUSIONS: Sympathetic responsibility is the structure of the meaning of the obstetricians' lived experience, which means that the obstetricians with the help of their medical knowledge and their desire to support the mother's autonomy do what is best for the mother and her infant. Implications include that an exchange of ethical thoughts and moral reasoning should lead to a higher degree of mutual understanding between colleagues and between the different professionals. Co-operation is important to achieve the best outcome for the mother and her infant.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Better knowledge improves adherence to lifestyle changes and medication in patients with coronary heart disease.

BACKGROUND: Many patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are not managed adequately, and we often fail to reach treatment targets. AIM: To investigate if knowledge of risk factors for CHD, measured by a questionnaire, would show any relation to advice to compliance to lifestyle changes to attain treatment goals and adherence to drug therapy. METHOD: Men and women <71 years who had had a cardiac event were screened consecutively (509) from the medical records. Responders (392) were interviewed, examined and received a questionnaire. Three hundred and forty-seven patients answered the questionnaire regarding their general knowledge of risk factors for CHD, compliance to lifestyle changes to attain treatment goals and adherence to drug therapy. RESULTS: There were statistically significant correlations between general knowledge about risk factors for CHD and compliance to certain lifestyle changes: weight, physical activity, stress management, diet, attainment of lipid level goals and the likelihood of taking prescribed blood pressure-lowering drugs. General knowledge of risk factors had no correlation to blood glucose or blood pressure levels nor on smoking habits or treatment patterns for prescribed lipid- and blood glucose-lowering drugs. CONCLUSION: Knowledge correlates to patient behaviour with respect to some risk factors, which should be recognised in preventive programs.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed2004

Outcomes of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate whether evidence-based clinical practice in health care improves outcomes for patients, personnel, and/or organizations. METHODS: A systematic review of studies was conducted with various quantitative and qualitative methods up to the Spring of 2002. Protocols were used in quality assessment. Data synthesis is descriptive in a narrative form. RESULTS: Of 305 assessed articles, eight studies were included. The outcomes in the included studies were related to the experiences of patients and personnel and to organization concerning changed patient care and resource utilization. Because the included studies are heterogeneous in design, focus of research area, and scientific quality, the scientific foundation for the findings is weak. There is some support that evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, when put to use, improve outcomes (i) for patients--less likelihood of showing worsening of skin condition and disruption of skin condition improves more rapidly for infants; (ii) for personnel--support in daily work situation; and (iii) for organizations--decreased admission rates and length of stay, less resource utilization and reduced costs. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for further research as the findings are based on a rather limited number of studies. There is a tendency toward support for the idea that outcomes improve for patients, personnel, or organizations if clinical practice in health care is evidence-based, that is, if evidence-based clinical practice guidelines are used, although these findings could be specific to the settings and context of the studies reported in this systematic review.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Midwifery care: development of an instrument to measure quality based on the World Health Organization's classification of care in normal birth.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to develop an instrument to measure midwifery care in relation to World Health Organization's classification of care in normal birth and to test the instrument for content validity and inter-rater reliability. METHODS: The Delphi method was used for development of the instrument and to elicit evidence of content validity. Six experts from three different geographical regions in Sweden, representing clinically working midwives, lecturers in midwifery and obstetricians, participated in the first part of the study. The instrument was tested for inter-rater reliability in an exploratory study by two midwives and one of the authors. Data were analysed using percentage of agreement level and the Kappa coefficient. RESULTS: Five expert rounds were needed to reach consensus for content validity. The inter-rater reliability test showed high agreement levels (95.9, 94.2 and 95.7%) and good to very good Kappa coefficients (0.74-1.0). The final instrument consisted of 78 items divided into five sections: background (five items); practices which are demonstrably useful and should be encouraged (55 items); practices which are clearly harmful or ineffective and should be eliminated (five items); practices for which insufficient evidence exists to support a clear recommendation and which should be used with caution while further research clarifies the issue (four items); and finally practices which are frequently used inappropriately (nine items). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The instrument can be used at a labour ward to measure documented care and quality of midwifery care. The results can be used to identify areas for improvements, to develop guidelines towards evidence-based care and to improve documentation. However, the present study should be regarded as an exploratory study and the feasibility of the instrument remains to be tested in empirical studies.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Physicians as clinical directors: working conditions, psychosocial resources and self-rated health.

BACKGROUND: Physicians in clinical directors' positions fulfil their commitments in demanding work environments characterized by organizational changes and economic cutbacks. Little is known about the self-rated health of this group. AIM: To investigate whether self-rated health was associated with psychosocial working conditions, professional networks, job support, social networks and social support, sick leave and salary in Swedish physicians working as clinical directors. METHODS: A self-reported questionnaire was sent to 373 clinical directors. Odds ratios (ORs) were used for estimating the bivariate association between self-rated health and psychosocial resources. RESULTS: A total of 274 clinical directors agreed to participate in the study. The response rate was 73%. The clinical directors exposed to high job demands had a significantly higher probability of low self-rated health [OR = 3.4 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.6-7.0] than those who were not in this situation. Furthermore, participants who were exposed to high job demands had an increased risk of low self-rated health (OR = 3.8 and 95% CI = 1.8-8.1) irrespective of available social support inside or outside work. High average working hours more than doubled the risk of low self-rated health (OR = 2.2 and 95% CI = 1.1-4.4). CONCLUSION: The job demands on physicians in clinical directors' positions may exceed ordinary means of support with consequent adverse effects on self-rated health. More research is needed to investigate the interaction between job demands and support systems in this group of health care workers.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Support for family carers who care for an elderly person at home - a systematic literature review.

Family carers are a major source of help and assistance to the persons they provide care for. They are also major contributors to the welfare system, balancing the national health care expenditure. Increasing attention, in research as well as government policy, is being paid to their role as informal caregivers. Support to family carers seems to be a new 'buzzword' in Swedish Government policy. However, supporting family carers may prove to be a more complex endeavour than one initially might be led to believe. Support could here be understood as any services, assistances, education, information, attitudes, and lay or professional person's provision for the benefit of the family carer. The aim of this systematic review was to identify modes of, and scientific evidence on, support for family carers of cohabiting elderly persons. The method followed a seven-step model: a focused research question was formulated creating a base for deriving search words and inclusion and exclusion criteria for studies. Systematic database searches identified several studies some of which were retrieved, critically appraised and classified by two independent reviewers. A total of 26 articles were finally included, revealing that family carers fear social isolation and wish to network in groups with peers, either for social or for learning needs purposes. Family carers also desire respite care. However, it is unclear whether they actually benefit from any of the above or how service provision should be attempted.

Aged↗