Biomedical subjects

Giovanni Buccoliero

Publications and source records attributed to Giovanni Buccoliero.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[No floroquinolone resistance in non typhoidal salmonellas from hospitalized persons in an endemic area of Apulia, Italy].

Non typhi-salmonella is the most common cause of hospitalization or death associated with acute diarrhea. It is usually a self limiting disease and antibiotic therapy is not required, but in immunocompromised people it is essential. Increasing antimicrobial resistance in salmonella, in future, would limit the therapeutic options. During 2002, 198 persons were hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis. The 55% of cases were female, the age ranged between 4 and 94 years and the 25% of them were > 60 years old. The 58.5% of hospitalizations occurred between June and October. Non-typhi salmonella was isolated in the stool of 49 persons, with a rate of hospitalization of 24.7% respect to other causes of gastroenteritis. The incidence of resistance that was defined as resistance to one or more drugs was 14.3%. Only one non-typhi salmonella showed a multiple resistance (> four drugs). Among all antibiotics tested, only the fluorquinolones showed a susceptibility in vitro in all strains. Non typhoidal Salmonellosis is a public healt problem in the world and it will be important to restrict the use of antibiotics in medicine and veterinary to reduce the spread of multiresistant strains.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

Comparison between rules-based human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genotype interpretations and real or virtual phenotype: concordance analysis and correlation with clinical outcome in heavily treated patients.

We compared 2 rules-based genotype interpretation systems and real or virtual phenotype through a retrospective analysis of a prospective trial. Genotypes were determined with VircoGEN II (VIRCO) and were interpreted with either RetroGram 1.4 or TRUGENE HIV-1 (guidelines 3.0) or original virtual phenotype (Virtual Phenotype; VIRCO), as available in the year 2000. Among 188 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 isolates, overall concordance (kappa agreement) was observed for the 2 rules-based systems, whereas striking discordances were noted between them and real and virtual phenotype interpretations for stavudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, abacavir, and amprenavir (kappa<0.4). Clinical evaluation of a subset of 173 patients showed that both rules-based sensitivity scores were independently associated with HIV RNA loads <400 copies/mL at week 16 of during-treatment analysis (TRUGENE: odds ratio [OR], 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.52-5.52; P=.001; RetroGram: OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.21-4.55; P=.012), whereas, in contrast to real or virtual phenotype, interpretations according to biological cut-offs were not (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 0.77-4.76; P=.162).

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Myocardial infarction in the course of antiretroviral therapy with protease inhibitor].

The use of protease inhibitors (PIs) in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV-1 infection has reduced the rate of morbidity and mortality; but, unfortunately, this therapy has several side effects and a long term toxicity. Unexpected lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular complications are observed. We report a case of myocardial infarction in a young man HIV-1 positive patient without a history of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular pathologies undergoing PI treatment. The new ART without PI was not suppressive, while hypertriglyceridemia value improved by omega 3 fatty acids use. Our opinion is to continue ART with PI and to correct lipid abnormalities with the use of antidislipidemic drugs instead to change a demonstrated suppressive ART.

HIV Infections↗

PubMed1997

Chlamydia pneumoniae: a new opportunistic infectious agent in AIDS?

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae respiratory tract infection in HIV-positive or AIDS patients. METHODS: Serum samples from 82 HIV-positive patients with fever and respiratory symptoms were evaluated using microimmunofluorescence assay to detect C. pneumoniae-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. RESULTS: Twenty patients were found to have IgG antibodies to C. pneumoniae at titers ranging between 1:16 and 1:1024. Seven of the patients had evidence of acute C. pneumoniae infection (a fourfold rise in the titer of IgG antibody, or a single IgG titer of greater-than-or-equal1:512, or a single IgM titer greater-than-or-equal1:16). Five were diagnosed as having pneumonia and two bronchitis. No co-infection with other respiratory tract pathogens was found. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study indicate that C. pneumoniae may play a role in the etiology of respiratory tract infections in HIV-positive patients; this fact should affect empirical antibiotic prescription.

Journal Article↗