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Biomedical subjects

Giovanni Corrado

Publications and source records attributed to Giovanni Corrado.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction with PMP22 duplication-based Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A.

A 50-year-old women with Charcot-Marie-Tooth hereditary neuropathy type 1A due to the PMP22 duplication on chromosome 17p11.2-12 developed a left bundle branch block and progressive dilatation of the left ventricle since age 40 years and recurrent heart failure since age 44 years. At age 50 years left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction was first recognized on transthoracic echocardiography. A possible causal relation between the cardiac abnormalities and the PMP22 duplication is discussed.

Bundle-Branch Block↗
PubMed2006

A medical therapy for aortic valve sclerosis and aortic valve stenosis? Rationale of the ASSIST study (Asymptomatic aortic Sclerosis/Stenosis: Influence of STatins): a large, observational, prospective, multicenter study of the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Echography.

Progression of sclerosis and stenosis is substantially unpredictable in the individual patient: in some cases it is very slow, in others it is accelerated. In addition, different patterns of progression (linear and non-linear) are possible. It has been suggested that the aortic valve lesion can be considered a form within the spectrum of the same atherosclerotic disease. In this context it seemed reasonable to hypothesize that targeted medical therapy could retard the progression of the disease. In particular HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been tested. The first experimental and clinical studies are now available, even though they are not conclusive to date. Large, prospective, randomized trials are ideally needed, but they are quite difficult, if not even impossible, to realize in practice. The ASSIST study (Asymptomatic aortic Sclerosis/Stenosis: Influence of STatins) of the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Echography aims to create a large, prospective, observational investigation, involving many centers of echocardiography and thousands of patients, in order to provide from the real clinical world at least some of the answers to this unsolved question.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed2006

Echocardiography in atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation is the most commonly encountered sustained arrhythmia. Echocardiography has augmented the knowledge about etiology and complications of atrial fibrillation. Transthoracic echocardiography allows rapid, safe and comprehensive assessment of cardiac structure and function, and is recommended for all subjects with atrial fibrillation. The use of transesophageal echocardiography has contributed to a better understanding of the thromboembolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation, especially in the setting of electrical cardioversion. Several investigators have demonstrated the feasibility and safety profile of early cardioversion with short-term anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation and a transesophageal echocardiography negative for atrial thrombi. More recently, transesophageal and intracardiac echocardiography have been employed in patients with atrial fibrillation to monitor percutaneous procedures such as pulmonary veins radiofrequency ablation or left atrial appendage obliteration. In this review the available echocardiographic imaging modalities and their specific role in the evaluation and management in atrial fibrillation are described.

Atrial Fibrillation↗
PubMed2006

[Patent foramen ovale, stroke, and echocardiography: diagnostic methodology and appropriateness of indications].

A patent foramen ovale is a frequent remnant of embryological development with clinical importance in stroke, decompression sickness, and migraine headache. The proposed mechanisms of stroke include paradoxical embolization, in situ thrombosis within the canal of the foramen, associated atrial arrhythmias. Cardiac right-to-left shunts can be identified by echocardiography and by transcranial Doppler ultrasound with the use of contrast agents and a Valsalva maneuver as provocation procedure. Relative value of different diagnostic tests, appropriate timing of the Valsalva maneuver, use of a diagnostic time window, and threshold in contrast agent microbubbles detection are thoroughly discussed. The value of echocardiography or of other diagnostic tests does not elucidate the effect of test results on patient management. The appropriate use of imaging requires an understanding of both the capabilities of the imaging technique and the value of therapy used to treat the identified condition. New information that does not improve outcome has no value. In patients with a cryptogenic stroke and an atrial septal abnormality the evidence is insufficient to determine whether warfarin or aspirin is superior in preventing recurrent stroke or death, but minor bleeding is more frequent with warfarin. There is insufficient evidence to evaluate the efficacy of surgical or endovascular closure.

Echocardiography, Transesophageal↗
PubMed2002

Prognostic value of electrocardiograms, ventricular late potentials, ventricular arrhythmias, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Myocardial involvement is a common finding in patients with Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy (DMD). Nevertheless, the prognostic values of standard electrocardiogram (ECG), ventricular arrhythmias, ventricular late potentials (LPs), and left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction have not been extensively investigated. Eighty-four patients with DMD (aged 18.6 +/- 4.8 years) underwent standard and signal-averaged electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring, and echocardiography. The prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities, frequent ventricular premature complexes, LPs, and LV systolic dysfunction was 71%, 32%, 28%, and 35%, respectively. Median follow-up was 76 months (range 5 to 106). The mortality rate in the follow-up period was 27%. The typical DMD electrocardiographic alterations, ventricular arrhythmic pattern, and LPs were not predictors of mortality. In contrast, the presence of LV systolic dysfunction detected on echocardiography was a powerful predictor of mortality in the follow-up period (p = 0.013, hazard ratio 3.14, 95% confidence interval 1.27 to 7.79). Thus, echocardiographic assessment of LV systolic dysfunction provides prognostic information in patients with DMD. Electrocardiographic alterations, ventricular arrhythmias, and LPs have no prognostic value in predicting mortality in these patients.

Adolescent↗