Biomedical subjects

Gongyin Ye

Publications and source records attributed to Gongyin Ye.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2025

Large-scale Genome Analyses Provide Insights into Hymenoptera Evolution.

The order Hymenoptera includes a large number of species with diverse lifestyles and is known for its significant contributions to natural ecosystems. To better understand the evolution of this diverse order, we performed large-scale comparative genomics on 131 species from 13 superfamilies, covering most representative groups. We used these genomes to reveal an overall pattern of genomic change in terms of gene content and evolutionary rate throughout hymenopteran history. We identified genes that possibly contributed to the evolution of several key innovations, such as parasitoidism, wasp-waist, stinger, and secondary phytophagy. We also discovered the distinct genomic trajectories between the clade containing major parasitoid wasps (Parasitoida) and stinging species (Aculeata) since their divergence, which are involved in many aspects of genomic change, such as rapidly evolving gene families, gene gain and loss, and metabolic pathway evolution. In addition, we explored the genomic features accompanying the three independent evolution of secondary phytophagy. Our work provides insights for understanding genome evolution and the genomic basis of diversification in Hymenoptera.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Differences in induced volatile emissions among rice varieties result in differential attraction and parasitism of Nilaparvata lugens eggs by the parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae in the field.

We compared the volatiles of JA-treated plants of six rice varieties and then determined, in the laboratory and field, if they differed in attractiveness to Anagrus nilaparavate Pand et Wang, an egg parasitoid of rice planthoppers. Analyses of volatiles revealed significant differences among varieties, both in total quantity and quality of the blends emitted. On the basis of these differences, the six varieties could be roughly divided into three groups. In a Y-tube olfactometer, female wasps preferred odors from two groups. These preferences corresponded to observed parasitism rates in a field experiment. A comparison of the volatiles with results from behavioral assays and field experiments indicates that the quality (composition) of the blends is more important for attraction than the total amount emitted. The results imply that the foraging success of natural enemies of pests can be enhanced by breeding for crop varieties that release specific volatiles.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

The rice dwarf virus P2 protein interacts with ent-kaurene oxidases in vivo, leading to reduced biosynthesis of gibberellins and rice dwarf symptoms.

The mechanisms of viral diseases are a major focus of biology. Despite intensive investigations, how a plant virus interacts with host factors to cause diseases remains poorly understood. The Rice dwarf virus (RDV), a member of the genus Phytoreovirus, causes dwarfed growth phenotypes in infected rice (Oryza sativa) plants. The outer capsid protein P2 is essential during RDV infection of insects and thus influences transmission of RDV by the insect vector. However, its role during RDV infection within the rice host is unknown. By yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we report that P2 of RDV interacts with ent-kaurene oxidases, which play a key role in the biosynthesis of plant growth hormones gibberellins, in infected plants. Furthermore, the expression of ent-kaurene oxidases was reduced in the infected plants. The level of endogenous GA1 (a major active gibberellin in rice vegetative tissues) in the RDV-infected plants was lower than that in healthy plants. Exogenous application of GA3 to RDV-infected rice plants restored the normal growth phenotypes. These results provide evidence that the P2 protein of RDV interferes with the function of a cellular factor, through direct physical interactions, that is important for the biosynthesis of a growth hormone leading to symptom expression. In addition, the interaction between P2 and rice ent-kaurene oxidase-like proteins may decrease phytoalexin biosynthesis and make plants more competent for virus replication. Moreover, P2 may provide a novel tool to investigate the regulation of GA metabolism for plant growth and development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2004

[Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic rice and chemical insecticides on arthropod communities in paddy-fields].

This paper assessed the effects of cry1Abl/cry1Ac-carrying transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis rice (Bt rice) and chemical insecticides on the arthropod communities under paddy-field conditions in terms of arthropod guild dominance, family composition and dominance distribution of each guild, individuals of each guild, some common indices of arthropod communities, and community dissimilarity. In most cases, no significant differences were found between the Bt and control rice plots without any chemical insecticide spray in such arthropod community specific parameters as guild dominance, family composition and dominance distribution, temporal dynamics of the individuals of each guild or all arthropod, as well as some common community indices (including species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness index and dominant index) and their temporal dynamics. The similarity of arthropod community between the Bt and control rice plots were apparently higher. It was clear that Bt rice generally showed no marked negative effect on the arthropod community in paddy field. In contrast, some arthropod community specific parameters such as guild dominances in the control plot with chemical insecticide spray were in some cases markedly and even significantly different from those in the control plot without any chemical insecticide spray. The similarity of arthropod community between the control plots with and without chemical insecticide spray was relatively lower. It could be concluded that the effect of Bt rice on the arthropod community was apparently lower than that of chemical insecticides.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Insecticide resistance of different populations of white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Homoptera:Delphacidae)].

Resistance to some insecticides used commonly in different populations of the white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera collected from Zhejiang, Guangxi, Yunnan and Hainan Province in China was measured. The specific activities of some resistance-associated enzymes, i.e. esterase, carboxylesterase, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase from these populations were also measured. The resistant levels to malathion, methamidophos, isoprocarb and buprofezin were markedly higher in Yunnan and Hainan populations than in other populations, but considerably more heterogeneity in response to insecticides was found in Zhejiang and Guangxi populations. The specific activities of the enzymes were obviously higher in Zhejiang and Guangxi populations than in Yunnan and Hainan populations, and the distribution range of the enzyme activity was the widest in Zhejiang population, and the narrowest in Guangxi population. Finally, The relationship between the long-distance migration and the territorial difference in insecticide resistant level and activities of the enzymes in the populations of this planthopper was discussed.

Acetylcholinesterase↗