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Guang-Huan Sun

Publications and source records attributed to Guang-Huan Sun.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Monoclonal anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies cross-react with phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and inhibit the expression and production of IL-2 in activated Jurkat T cell line.

Anti-double strand DNA antibodies (anti-dsDNA) involve in lupus nephritis. However, their role in tissue damage mechanism remains unclear. In this study, a 45-kDa cognate antigen of anti-dsDNA monoclonal antibodies 9D7 was identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and determined to be human phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK-1) by MALDI-TOF analysis. The binding of 9D7 to PGK-1 was not affected by DNase I but was inhibited by thymus dsDNA. Human SLE sera with high anti-dsDNA titers had a high affinity with PGK. In activated Jurkat T cells, 9D7 decreased the PGK-1 mRNA production and IL-2 promoter activity. Reduction in IL-2 gene expression and protein production were observed in the 9D7-treated cells. Because PGK-1 deficiency may cause mental tardy and hemolytic anemia, interaction between anti-dsDNA and PGK-1 may be important in lupus pathogenesis. Moreover, reduction in IL-2 production by anti-dsDNA suggests their role in increasing infection rate and decreasing proper generation of activation-induced cell death.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed2006

Limited Wegener's granulomatosis of the epididymis and testis.

A case is presented of Wegener's granulomatosis limited to the testis and epididymis, simultaneously, in a 69-year-old man. Orchiectomy was carried out through an inguinal incision under the presumptive diagnosis of a right testicular tumor. A hard, irregular mass occupied the upper testicle and a portion of the epididymal head was visualized. Histopathologic examination of the specimen showed granulomatous inflammation of the testis and epididymis with prominent angiocentric granulomata in the walls of arteries, veins and foci of fibrinoid necrosis, surrounded by palisading inflammatory cells with a few giant cells. The diagnosis of limited Wegener's granulomatosis was considered, although antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) test was negative 2 weeks after orchiectomy. The patient showed an excellent response after local complete excision. He remains free of disease 18 months after orchiectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Reduced acetylated histone H4 is associated with promoter methylation of the fragile histidine triad gene in resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Promoter methylation inactivates expression of some important tumor suppressor genes and may be associated with histone modification. The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene is considered a tumor suppressor gene in different human epithelial cancers. We investigated whether FHIT methylation is associated with aberrant expression of Fhit protein and acetylated histone, and whether aberrant expression of Fhit protein and acetylated histone are related to prognosis after resection for esophageal squamous cell cancer. METHODS: We analyzed FHIT methylation using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and Fhit protein and acetylated histone H4 using immunohistochemistry in 60 resected tumor specimens. Concordance analysis was performed between FHIT methylation and expression of Fhit as well as H4. RESULTS: The FHIT methylation was observed in 33(55%) specimens, and the aberrant expression of Fhit and acetylated H4 was found in 42 (70%) and 40 (67%) specimens, respectively. Expression of aberrant Fhit correlated positively with tumor staging (p < 0.017) and nodal involvement (p = 0.004). Aberrant expression of acetylated H4 correlated positively with tumor staging (p < 0.001), nodal involvement (p < 0.001), and metastasis (p = 0.004). Concordance rates of 75% and 81.7% were present between promoter methylation of FHIT and expression of Fhit (p = 0.035) and acetylated H4 (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant expression of Fhit and acetylated histone H4 are frequently associated with the presence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and they are potential prognostic predictors for patients after resection of the tumor.

Acetylation↗
PubMed2006

Primary retroperitoneal abscess complicated with septic arthritis of the hip.

Primary retroperitoneal abscess complicated with septic arthritis of the hip is an unusual disease. The insidious and occult nature of abscess coexistent with arthritis causes diagnostic delays, prolonged sepsis, and considerably higher morbidity and mortality. We herein present a case of gouty arthritis and avascular necrosis of the femoral head in a 41-year-old woman who complained of fever, right flank pain, body weight loss, swelling over her right lower limb, and 2 weeks of pain in the right hip. The computed tomographic scan showed a huge abscess (about 32 x 10 x 8 cm) over the right posterior pararenal space, with swelling of the right psoas, iliac, and obturator muscles. During surgery, the abscess was drained and sequestrectomy of the right hip was performed. Cultures of pus from the retroperitoneum and right hip showed Escherichia coil and Staphylococcus aureus. We review the literature and discuss possible causes.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Synchronous primary carcinomas of the bladder and prostate.

AIM: To determine the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the prostate for patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer in Taiwan. METHODS: A total of 248 patients in Taiwan who were histologically confirmed for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder underwent cystoprostatectomy. Histopathologic evaluation of the prostate specimens sectioned at 5 mm intervals was performed. RESULTS: Of the 248 patients, 10 (4.03%) were found to have prostate cancer. Of the 10 cases of unsuspected prostate cancer, eight proved to be at stage T1 or T2, and two at T3 and T4, respectively. This rate of incidentally found prostate cancer amongst our bladder cancer patients appeared to be lower than that found in bladder cancer patients in similar studies in USA. CONCLUSION: Although the incidence of incidental prostate cancer in patients in Taiwan with bladder cancer is not high compared with that in Western countries, we suggest that digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are important screening tools for men with bladder cancer, especially for those aged 60 years and older in Taiwan.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed2005

Promoter methylation of the hMLH1 gene and protein expression of human mutL homolog 1 and human mutS homolog 2 in resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Aberrant expression of mismatch repair genes, such as human mutL homolog 1 (hMLH1) and human mutS homolog 2 (hMSH2), are common in some human cancers, and promoter methylation is believed to inactivate expression of hMLH1. We investigated whether promoter methylation is involved in loss of hMLH1 protein and whether aberrant expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein is related to prognosis after resection for esophageal squamous cell cancer. METHODS: We analyzed promoter methylation of hMLH1 using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein by using immunohistochemistry in 60 resected tumor specimens. The Pearson chi2 test was used to compare expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein among patients with different clinicopathologic parameters. Concordance analysis was performed between hMLH1 methylation and its protein expression. RESULTS: Loss of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein was found in 43 (72%) and 39 (65%, P = .06) of 60 resected specimens, respectively. hMLH1 protein correlated well with tumor staging (P < .0001), depth of tumor invasion (P = .008), and nodal involvement (P < .0001) but not with distant metastasis, whereas hMSH2 did not show correlation with any of these parameters. A concordance rate of 83.3% was present between expression of hMLH1 protein and its promoter methylation (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein is frequently associated with the presence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and expression of hMLH1 protein is a better prognostic predictor than is expression of hMSH2 protein. Promoter methylation is one of the mechanisms responsible for loss of hMLH1 protein in esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2005

Monoclonal ribosomal P autoantibody inhibits the expression and release of IL-12, TNF-alpha and iNOS in activated RAW macrophage cell line.

Monoclonal ribosomal P protein antibody (anti-P mAb) may bind to the cell surface, penetrate into cells, and induce apoptosis of Jurkat T cells. Recently, modulation of cytokines has been considered to be important in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). In this study, effects of anti-P mAbs (9B6) on gene expression of cytokines, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 were analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA and those on IL-12 promoter activity was determined in an IL-12p40 promoter-reporter gene transfected cell line RAW (IL-12p40-SEAP). After treating LPS-activated RAW 264.7 with 9B6 for 6 or 24 h, the levels of mRNA and protein expression of IL-12, TNF-alpha, and iNOS were significantly inhibited by 25%, 16%, and 13%, respectively. The IL-12 promoter activity of RAW (IL-12p40-SEAP) was also inhibited by 13-22%. However, inhibitory effects were not observed in cells pre-treated with IgG1 for 1 h. The productions of IL-10 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 and human macrophages were potentiated by 9B6 up to 65% and 51%, respectively. Since anti-P Abs inhibit productions of IL-12 and TNF-alpha and enhance IL-10 production in macrophages, these autoantibodies may augment Th2 responses and amplify lupus manifestations by causing immunological polarity and lymphocyte dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Ureteral obstruction caused by a duplicated anomaly of inferior vena cava.

Developmental anomalies of inferior vena cava are a rare cause of ureteral obstruction. We report a case that presented with right upper ureteral obstruction that radiologically simulated a retrocaval ureter. An aberrant vessel, which caused obstruction of the right ureter was identified at operation and surgical relief of ureteral obstruction was performed. Inferior venocavography was performed postoperatively and disclosed an unusual incomplete duplication of inferior vena cava. Our findings suggested that ureteral obstruction by incompletely duplicated anomaly of the inferior vena cava should be included in the differential diagnosis of extrinsic ureteral obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Malignant phyllodes tumor of the prostate.

We report the case of a 47-year-old male patient who suffered from a malignant phyllodes tumor of the prostate with invasion to the rectum and urinary bladder. The local recurrence at the left scrotum was identified 6 years after radical cystoprostatectomy. Another 2 years after radical orchiectomy showed no evidence of secondary local recurrence or distant metastasis. Histopathologically, both primary and recurrent tumors showed an admixture of stromal and glandular components. However, while extensive squamous metaplasia was identified in the primary tumor, the recurrent tumor had only focal and mild squamous metaplasia. No dependable prognostic factor has been found to date. Here, we describe the morphological features and immunohistochemical presentations of malignant phyllodes tumor of the prostate and review the literature.

Cystectomy↗
PubMed2005

Tuberculous epididymitis: a case report and literature review.

Tuberculous epididymitis is a rare urological disease difficult to diagnose. The conventional methods for diagnosis are often time-consuming and invasive. The combined use of scrotal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and urinary polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for mycobacterial DNA (the latter because of its high sensitivity and specificity to demonstrate mycobacterial DNA) is a valuable method for rapid diagnosis of tuberculous epididymitis. We report a 79-year-old man who was admitted with the chief complaints of bilateral scrotal swelling and pain. The combined use of scrotal MRI and urinary PCR allowed prompt diagnosis of tuberculous epididymitis and adequate antituberculous therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Ischemic glans penis after circumcision.

A 33-year-old male receiving dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) for circumcision exhibited a postoperative ischemic change over the glans penis. The event occurred nearly 24 hours after the procedure. The patient was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation. Total reverse of the ischemia was observed. The complications associated with circumcision and DPNB were reviewed and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

A transformation system for the nonuniversal CUG(Ser) codon usage species Candida rugosa.

Since Candida rugosa utilizes a nonuniversal serine codon CUG rather than leucine, no vectors have been constructed to transform this organism. Moreover, it is difficult to design a new transformation system because no selection markers and promoters are available. In this study, Zeocin (400 microg/ml) was demonstrated to inhibit the growth of C. rugosa. The dominant selectable marker bleomycin-resistant determinant (ble) gene containing five CUG codons in an open-reading frame of 375 bp was synthesized by replacing its CUG codons into leucine codons (zeo-n). This marker conferred resistance to Zeocin. GAL1 promoter, transcription elongation factor 1 (TEF1) promoter from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and LIP3 promoter from C. rugosa were then used to drive zeo-n and to examine the function of promoter in C. rugosa. The resulting vectors enabled selection of Zeocin-resistant clones after transformation by LiCl method and electroporation. These results demonstrate that transformation into C. rugosa is feasible under the operation of GAL1, TEF1, and LIP3 promoters. The development of the transformation system for C. rugosa is essential to the genetic analysis of gene regulation and biochemical features of this fungal species and the expression of recombinant proteins in C. rugosa.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Novel intracorporeal vascular knot applier for large vessel ligation in laparoscopic surgery: experience in pigs and preliminary clinical use.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We designed an intracorporeal knot applier for the ligation of large vessels laparoscopically. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and efficiency of this method to control large vessels in pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six pigs with mean body weight of 28 kg (range 26-30 kg) were enrolled. The standard transperitoneal laparoscopic set-up was established with 15 mm Hg of pneumoperionteum. The right renal hilum was mobilized, and the renal artery and renal vein were separated. A 5-cm segment of inferior vena cava with the right renal vein was skeletonized laparoscopically. Assisted by the novel knot applier, 3-0 silk was used to ligate the renal artery, renal vein, and inferior vena cava. The time required to accomplish these ligatures was recorded. Two intracorporeal knots were applied 5 mm apart, and the vessels were divided between the knots. The knot strength was assessed by measuring the maximal intraluminal pressure required to blast out the knot using gas insufflation. RESULTS: The diameters (mean +/- SD) of the porcine inferior vena cava, renal artery, and renal vein were 11.1 +/- 0.7, 2.9 +/- 0.3, and 4.9 +/- 0.3 mm, respectively. The knotting time was 58.9 +/- 8.6, 57.5 +/- 6.6, and 59.1 +/- 6.3 seconds for these vessels, respectively. No bleeding occurred when the vessels were divided. The average pressure needed to withstand the blast out of the ligature on the inferior vena cava, renal artery, and renal vein was 213.3 +/- 32.7 (range 165-250), 227.5 +/- 14.7 (range 210-250), and 210.8 +/- 21.5 (range 180-240) mm Hg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The novel intracorporeal knot applier was easy to use when making a ligature on vessels of different sizes and different wall thicknesses. The time required for making a ligature was short, and the knot was secure enough to withstand a vascular pressure higher than ordinary blood pressure. The laparoscopic device is inexpensive with great potential of being used as a secure vascular ligature provider.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Correlation of CD44v5 expression with invasiveness and prognosis in renal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The expression of specific CD44 isoforms is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in human malignant tumors. We retrospectively investigated the expression of the CD44 variant isoform v5 (CD44v5) in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) specimens by immunohistochemistry. METHODS: We studied the expression of CD44v5 immunohistochemistry in archival tissue specimens from 72 RCC patients (47 men and 25 women) with a mean age of 60.1 years (range, 30 to 83 years) who underwent resection in our hospital from 1986 to 1996. The patients were divided into non-invasive (pT1, pT2, and pT3a; n = 49) and invasive groups (pT3b, pT3c, and any T with N+; n = 23). Among the 72 patients, 67 were followed for at least 60 months (up to 190 months) after radical nephrectomy. Twenty nine renal specimens, including 15 of normal renal parenchyma and 14 of inflammatory or immune renal diseases, were used as controls. RESULTS: All control group tissues expressed CD44v5. CD44v5 expression was detected in 66 of 72 RCC specimens (91.7%). In general, the expression of CD44v5 was higher in the non-invasive group [47/49 (95.9%) vs 19/23 (82.6%), p < 0.05]. Five cases were lost to follow-up. Thirty three of 67 patients (49.3%) died of RCC-related causes during the follow-up period. The CD44v5 non-expression group had a higher mortality rate than the expression group [4/5 (80%) vs 29/62 (46.8%), p < 0.001]. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were significantly higher in patients with CD44v5 expression than in those without (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study found that CD44v5 expression was greater in early stage than in advanced stage RCC and was associated with tumor progression and long-term survival. Although the survival analysis showed both tumor stage and CD44v5 expression were significant prognostic factors in RCC, only tumor stage remained an independent factor.

Adult↗