Biomedical subjects

Guneet Makkar

Publications and source records attributed to Guneet Makkar.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Reduced expression of interleukin-11 and interleukin-6 in the periimplantation endometrium of excessive ovarian responders during in vitro fertilization treatment.

CONTEXT: Impaired implantation in assisted reproduction cycles with high serum estradiol (E2) concentrations may be related to abnormal endometrial functions. OBJECTIVE: The in vivo expression of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines in the periimplantation endometrium of infertile patients was compared between natural and stimulated cycles. INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uterine flushings and endometrial biopsies were collected 7 d after the LH surge in natural cycles or after human chorionic gonadotropin injection in stimulated cycles. Th2 cytokines were determined by immunolocalization and by ELISA. Natural cycles were in group A, whereas stimulated cycles with peak serum E2 of no more than 20,000 pmol/liter (moderate responders) and more than 20,000 pmol/liter (excessive responders) were classified as group B and group C, respectively. RESULTS: Higher E2 had a negative effect on IL-11 and IL-6 expression in the endometrium and IL-11 concentration in the uterine flushing. In endometrial biopsies, a significantly lower immunostaining of stromal IL-11 (P < 0.001) and glandular IL-6 (P < 0.05) was detected in group C compared with that of groups A and B. IL-11 concentration by ELISA was significantly lower in group C (P < 0.05). Endometrial leukemia inhibitory factor and IL-4 expression was similar in the three groups. In uterine flushings, a significantly higher percentage of women in group C had undetectable IL-11 and a lower IL-11 concentration (P < 0.01) compared with group A, whereas no difference in IL-6 concentration was noted in the three groups. CONCLUSION: Reduced expression of IL-11 and IL-6 in periimplantation endometrium may account for lower implantation in excessive responders.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

The significance of the ionophore-challenged acrosome reaction in the prediction of successful outcome of controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination.

BACKGROUND: This prospective study compared the acrosome reaction following ionophore challenge (ARIC) versus conventional sperm parameters and sperm velocities in predicting successful outcome following ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination. METHODS: All patients were offered a maximum of three treatment cycles. Conventional semen analysis was performed and sperm velocities were measured using computer-aided sperm analysis. Acrosome-reacted sperm were stained using chlortetracycline after ionophore challenge. Multiple logistic regression analysis and the receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis were applied to determine the best predictive variables and their cut-off values. RESULTS: ARIC score was the most significant variable in predicting pregnancy, followed by the percentage of induced acrosome-reacted sperm, serum estradiol levels on the day of hCG and sperm morphology by strict criteria. Higher spontaneous acrosome reaction had a negative relationship with pregnancy. ARIC score of 10% had a sensitivity of 85.3% and a specificity of 85.5%. The positive and negative predictive values were 64.2 and 96.6% respectively and the false positive and negative rates were 14.7 and 14.5% respectively. CONCLUSION: ARIC score was a better predictor of pregnancy than conventional sperm parameters and sperm velocities.

Acrosome Reaction↗

PubMed2003

A randomized comparison of three insemination methods in an artificial insemination program using husbands' semen.

OBJECTIVE: To compare pregnancy rates with single intrauterine insemination (SIUI), double intrauterine insemination (DIUI) and fallopian tube sperm perfusion (FSP). STUDY DESIGN: Ninety patients undergoing a standard ovarian stimulation regimen were randomized to receive SIUI, DIUI or FSP. The end point was either pregnancy or completion of 3 treatment cycles without pregnancy. RESULTS: There were no differences in demographic data or ovarian responses. The total number of motile spermatozoa inseminated in the FSP group was significantly lower than in the SIUI group. No significant differences were found in pregnancy rate per cycle or patient, multiple pregnancy rate and outcome of pregnancy between the 3 groups. CONCLUSION: Similar pregnancy rates were achieved after SIUI, DIUI and FSP during stimulated cycles.

Adult↗