Biomedical subjects

Gunne Grankvist

Publications and source records attributed to Gunne Grankvist.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Health-related quality of life in women and men one year after acute myocardial infarction.

The purpose of the present study was, first, to detect possible changes in health-related quality of life (HRQL) over time and, second, to predict HRQL at 1 year based on measures made 1 week and 5 months after a first-time acute myocardial infarction. There was an improvement in HRQL at 1 year, as measured by the questionnaire 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form (SF-36), for both men and women as compared with the assessment 5 months after the acute myocardial infarction. However, the pattern was somewhat different for women and men. Women mainly reported increased scores on scales reflecting better mental health, whereas men, on the whole, demonstrated higher scores in the physical health domain. Depression (HAD) and fatigue were identified as early predictors of lower HRQL at the 1-year follow-up. Our conclusion is that early assessment of fatigue and depression is worthwhile, as they may indicate decreased HRQL in men and women 1 year after first-time myocardial infarction.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2005

Habitual and value-guided purchase behavior.

Society increasingly requests that individuals adopt environmentally benign behavior. Information campaigns purported to change people's attitudes are often regarded as prerequisites to installing such changes. While such information may be a necessary step, it is not sufficient by itself. We argue that many everyday behaviors with environmental consequences are habitual, and that little attention is given to information directed toward changing these habitual behaviors. In other instances, behavior is guided by values in a more reflective process. However, other information besides environmental consequences may draw a person's attention and affect behavioral choice. Using surveys and experimental studies targeting consumer behavior, we studied under what conditions different kinds of information is likely to influence people with varying levels of environmental concern. Based on results from these studies, implications for behavioral change are discussed.

Choice Behavior↗

PubMed2002

Impact of decision goal on escalation.

This research investigates the sunk-cost effect or escalation defined as the irrational tendency to choose to continue to invest money, time, or effort following unsuccessful investments. Building on previous research demonstrating a loss-sensitivity principle in sequential decision making, the hypothesis was proposed that a loss-minimization goal would lead to stronger effects of sunk outcomes (prior gains and losses) than would a gain-maximizing goal. The hypothesis was investigated in three experiments with undergraduates responding to investment decision scenarios. Although the tendency to continue investments was always larger for gain-maximizing than for loss-minimizing goal instructions, the sunk-outcome effect was stronger in the former case. However, when the decisions were personal and concerned lower stakes rather than business investments involving large amounts of money, the expected stronger effect of sunk outcomes was found for loss-minimizing goal instructions. Another finding was that the expected value was never ignored, thus suggesting that future research should focus on the joint effects of the expected value and sunk outcomes.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Associations between depression, fatigue, and life orientation in myocardial infarction patients.

BACKGROUND: The possible preventive and treatment measures for post-myocardial infarction fatigue may rely on gaining insight into the psychosocial factors associated with fatigue. One such factor may be life orientation, that is, having an optimistic versus pessimistic view of life. Optimists expect things to turn out for the good, whereas pessimists generally expect that bad things will happen to them. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the relations among life orientation (optimism-pessimism), depression, and fatigue after a first-time myocardial infarction. METHODS: The sample included 98 patients in total, 33 women and 65 men, who had suffered a first-time myocardial infarction 1 year before the testing. Linear and curvilinear regression analysis models were used to describe and explore the associations between the variables. RESULTS: A nonlinear relationship between postmyocardial fatigue and life orientation was found. The interpretation was that a pessimistic view of life could have more negative consequences for postmyocardial fatigue than an optimistic view of life could have positive consequences. The association between depression and fatigue was weak, supporting the notion that fatigue may be experienced by myocardial infarction patients without coexisting depression. CONCLUSION: Post-myocardial infarction fatigue must be investigated further and explicitly focused upon. One way to decrease postmyocardial fatigue could be to focus on steps that cause the most pessimistic individuals to feel less pessimistic.

Aged↗