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Guri Rortveit

Publications and source records attributed to Guri Rortveit.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Urinary incontinence and age at the first and last delivery: the Norwegian HUNT/EPINCONT study.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to investigate the association between maternal age at the first and last delivery, and urinary incontinence later in life. STUDY DESIGN: In the Norwegian EPINCONT study (a substudy of HUNT 2), cross-sectional data on incontinence from 11,397 women aged 20 to 64 years was linked with prospectively obtained data on exposures from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Bivariate and multivariate methods were applied. RESULTS: Women 25 years or younger at their first delivery had a lower risk of incontinence than their older counterparts (23% vs 28%, P < .01). No significant effect of maternal age at the first delivery was found in women with actual age 50 to 64 years. Adjusting for confounders did not change any results. Age at the last delivery was less associated with incontinence. CONCLUSION: Being older than 25 years at the first delivery was associated with incontinence. The effect attenuated with actual age.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Risk of stress urinary incontinence twelve years after the first pregnancy and delivery.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the impact of onset of stress urinary incontinence in first pregnancy or postpartum period, for the risk of symptoms 12 years after the first delivery. METHODS: In a longitudinal cohort study, 241 women answered validated questions about stress urinary incontinence after first delivery and 12 years later. RESULTS: Twelve years after first delivery the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence was 42% (102 of 241). The 12-year incidence was 30% (44 of 146). The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence 12 years after first pregnancy and delivery was significantly higher (P<.01) in women with onset during first pregnancy (56%, 37 of 66) and in women with onset shortly after delivery (78%, 14 of 18) compared with those without initial symptoms (30%, 44 of 146). In 70 women who had onset of symptoms during first pregnancy or shortly after the delivery but remission 3 months postpartum, a total of 40 (57%) had stress urinary incontinence 12 years later. In 11 women with onset of symptoms during the first pregnancy or shortly after delivery but no remission 3 months postpartum, a total of 10 (91%) had stress urinary incontinence 12 years later. Cesarean during first delivery was significantly associated with a lower risk of incontinence. Other obstetric factors were not significantly associated with the risk of incontinence 12 years later. Patients who were overweight before their first pregnancy were at increased risk. CONCLUSION: Onset of stress urinary incontinence during first pregnancy or puerperal period carries an increased risk of long-lasting symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Familial risk of urinary incontinence in women: population based cross sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an increased risk of urinary incontinence in daughters and sisters of incontinent women. DESIGN: Population based cross sectional study. SETTING: EPINCONT (the epidemiology of incontinence in the county of Nord-Trøndelag study), a substudy of HUNT 2 (the Norwegian Nord-Trøndelag health survey 2), 1995-7. PARTICIPANTS: 6021 mothers, 7629 daughters, 332 granddaughters, and 2104 older sisters of 2426 sisters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adjusted relative risks for urinary incontinence. RESULTS: The daughters of mothers with urinary incontinence had an increased risk for urinary incontinence (1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 1.4; absolute risk 23.3%), stress incontinence (1.5, 1.3 to 1.8; 14.6%), mixed incontinence (1.6, 1.2 to 2.0; 8.3%), and urge incontinence (1.8, 0.8 to 3.9; 2.6%). If mothers had severe symptoms then their daughters were likely to have such symptoms (1.9, 1.3 to 3.0; 4.0%). The younger sisters of female siblings with urinary incontinence, stress incontinence, or mixed incontinence had increased relative risks of, respectively, 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9; absolute risk 29.6%), 1.8 (1.3 to 2.3; 18.3%), and 1.7 (1.1 to 2.8; 10.8%). CONCLUSION: Women are more likely to develop urinary incontinence if their mother or older sisters are incontinent.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Should general practitioners screen smokers for COPD?

OBJECTIVE: To discuss whether screening for early chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is justifiable. BACKGROUND: The COPD diagnosis can usually be made by means of spirometry before symptoms appear. General practitioners are these days encouraged, from several quarters, to screen their smoking patients for early COPD. Smoking cessation is still the only available treatment that indisputably improves the long-term prognosis of this disease. The argument for screening is that people will be more easily motivated to stop smoking if they know their lung function results. There is, however, no documentation that this is the case. DATA SOURCES: Pub Med using the search terms "mass screening", "COPD" and "spirometry". RESULTS: There is no evidence today that spirometry screening aids smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: A large randomized study is needed, in which the independent effect of spirometry as part of a smoking cessation programme is studied. Until such a study has shown convincing results, and has been followed by a cost-benefit analysis in favour of screening, screening for pre-clinical COPD in general practice should not be recommended. However, it is important to diagnose people who may benefit from symptom-relieving treatment, and therefore patients with smoking-related symptoms should be offered spirometry. Finally, the general practitioner should strive to offer smoking cessation counselling to all smokers, regardless of their lung function.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2003

Urinary incontinence after vaginal delivery or cesarean section.

BACKGROUND: It is uncertain whether women who deliver by cesarean section have an increased risk of urinary incontinence as compared with nulliparous women and whether women who deliver vaginally have an even higher risk. METHODS: We studied 15,307 women enrolled in the Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag (EPINCONT) study, which involved a community-based cohort. The data base for this study was linked to data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We included women who answered questions related to urinary incontinence, were younger than 65 years of age, and had had no deliveries, cesarean sections only, or vaginal deliveries only. RESULTS: The prevalence of any incontinence was 10.1 percent in the nulliparous group; age-standardized prevalences were 15.9 percent in the cesarean-section group and 21.0 percent in the vaginal-delivery group. Corresponding figures for moderate or severe incontinence were 3.7 percent, 6.2 percent, and 8.7 percent, respectively; figures for stress incontinence were 4.7 percent, 6.9 percent, and 12.2 percent, respectively; figures for urge incontinence were 1.6 percent, 2.2 percent, and 1.8 percent, respectively; and figures for mixed-type incontinence were 3.1 percent, 5.3 percent, and 6.1 percent, respectively. As compared with nulliparous women, women who had cesarean sections had an adjusted odds ratio for any incontinence of 1.5 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 1.9) and an adjusted odds ratio for moderate or severe incontinence of 1.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.1). Only stress and mixed-type incontinence were significantly associated with cesarean sections. The adjusted odds ratio for any incontinence associated with vaginal deliveries as compared with cesarean sections was 1.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 2.1), and the adjusted odds ratio for moderate or severe incontinence was 2.2 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 3.1). Only stress incontinence (adjusted odds ratio, 2.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 3.2) was associated with the mode of delivery. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of urinary incontinence is higher among women who have had cesarean sections than among nulliparous women and is even higher among women who have had vaginal deliveries. However, these findings should not be used to justify an increase in the use of cesarean sections.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Vaginal delivery parameters and urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT study.

OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of nine delivery parameters on urinary incontinence in later life. STUDY DESIGN: Incontinence data from the EPINCONT study were linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Effects of birth weight, gestational age, head circumference, breech delivery, injuries in the delivery channel, functional delivery disorders, forceps delivery, vacuum delivery, and epidural anesthesia were investigated. The study covered women younger than 65 years, who had had vaginal deliveries only (n=11,397). RESULTS: Statistically significant associations were observed between any incontinence and birth weight 4000 g or greater (odds ratio [OR] 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2); moderate or severe incontinence and functional delivery disorders (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6); stress incontinence and high birth weight (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.3) and epidural anesthesia (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.5); and urge incontinence and head circumference 38 cm or larger (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-3.3). CONCLUSION: The effects were too weak to explain a substantial part of the association between vaginal delivery and urinary incontinence, and statistically significant results may have incurred by chance.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Are smoking and other lifestyle factors associated with female urinary incontinence? The Norwegian EPINCONT Study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, physical activity and intake of alcohol or caffeinated drinks were associated with urinary incontinence in women. DESIGN: Cross sectional population-based study. SETTING: The Norwegian Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag (EPINCONT) Study is part of a large survey performed in a county in Norway during 1995-1997. POPULATION: Women >/=20 years (n = 34,755, 75% of the invited) attended the first part of the survey and received the questionnaire. There were 27,936 (80% of source population) women who completed the incontinence part of the questionnaire. METHODS: Questionnaire covering several health topics including urinary incontinence was received at a screening station. Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding and to establish associations with the different outcomes under investigation: any incontinence, severe incontinence and stress, urge and mixed subtypes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effect measure were odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Former and current smoking was associated with incontinence, but only for those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Severe incontinence was weakly associated with smoking regardless of number of cigarettes. The association between increasing body mass index and incontinence was strong and present for all subtypes. Increasing levels of low intensity physical activity had a weak and negative association with incontinence. Tea drinkers were at slightly higher risk for all types of incontinence. We found no important effects of high intensity physical activity, intake of alcohol or coffee. CONCLUSIONS: Several potentially modifiable lifestyle factors are associated with urinary incontinence. Highest odds ratios were found for body mass index, heavy smoking and tea drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Help-seeking and associated factors in female urinary incontinence. The Norwegian EPINCONT Study. Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the proportion of women who visit their doctor because of urinary incontinence and investigate factors associated with help-seeking. DESIGN: Postal invitation, questionnaire covering many health topics including urinary incontinence, received at a screening station. SETTING: The Norwegian EPINCONT Study is part of a large cross-sectional population-based survey performed in the county of Nord-Trøndelag during the period 1995-97. SUBJECTS: 6625 women (out of 27,936 participating women), 20 years or older, categorised as incontinent according to their answers to the questionnaire. RESULTS: 26% of the incontinent women had seen a doctor for their incontinence. Increasing age, impact, severity and duration were all significantly associated with consultation rate, as were urge and mixed types compared with stress incontinence, and having visited any doctor during the previous 12 months. Fifty percent of the women with significant incontinence (moderate/severe incontinence perceived as troublesome) had seen a doctor because of their incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: Only a fourth of the women with any incontinence, and half of the women with significant incontinence had consulted a doctor. Older age and high impact of the symptoms were the factors most strongly associated with help-seeking.

Adult↗