Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H A Ajagbe.
A 45-year-old Nigerian housewife with chronic osteomyelitis associated with osteopetrosis is described and discussed. Haematological and radiographical investigations on routine admission led to the secondary diagnosis of osteopetrosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of osteomyelitis of jaws associated with osteopetrosis reported in an African.
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Ten cases of fibromyxoma of the jawbones are presented. The literature is reviewed and the age and sex incidences, clinical presentation, difficulty of diagnosis and management of this tumour are discussed.
In a study of occurrence of tumors of the jaw seen in the University College Hospital over a 24-year period, 199 cases of histologically diagnosed ameloblastoma were found. Notable features of these lesions were extreme size at presentation and high frequency of recurrence. Ameloblastoma ranks next in frequency to fibroosseous lesions and salivary gland tumors in this community. The incidence in men exceeds that of women. The mandible was the location in over 85 percent of the cases. Six cases were suspected to have turned malignant following multiple surgical operations.
Twenty-one patients with osteogenic sarcoma were treated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, during the period from 1960 to 1984. Six of the 21 patients were younger than 20 years of age, and there was a predominance of male patients in the series. The maxilla was involved more frequently than the mandible. Surgery was the only treatment available. All of the patients are presumed to be dead.
The records of the Cancer Registry of University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria, were reviewed for the incidence of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor from 1961-1982. Thirteen cases of the tumor were found. Clinical, histologic, and radiologic features of the 13 cases are reported. Many features were similar to previous reports of this tumor, but an increased ratio of males to females and preference for the mandible was observed. It is suggested that these factors may be peculiar to Nigerians. A few cases showed an unusual posterior location of tumor.
From 1960 to 1983 a total of 14 cases of chondrosarcoma of the jaws were treated at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 55 years (average age, 35 years), and nine of the patients were male. Six of the lesions were located in the maxilla and eight in the mandible. Most of the patients presented too late in the course of the disease to benefit from treatment; only one is known to be still alive.
An account is given of an unusual presentation of solitary Histoplasmosis duboisii of the jaw simulating a malignant neoplasm. This report is of interest for two reasons; firstly, the rarity of such a presentation and secondly, the extensive search of the literature which has failed to produce another case. The rationale for our treatment is also briefly discussed.
Four cases of chondrosarcoma of the jaws seen in our clinics within a period of 15 years are described. In all, the lesions were initially benign-looking making early diagnosis difficult. The histogenesis of chondrosarcoma of the jaws is briefly discussed. In our environment, the prognosis of this disease is very poor.
The pattern of oral cancer in a Nigerian population is described. Unlike the benign tumours of the jaws, this disease is relatively rare. It is, however, invariably lethal, mostly as a result of late presentation by the patients. At the present time, no aetiological factor can be identified amongst the population.
A case of ameloblastic sarcoma of the mandible in a 19-year-old man is presented. Pain, paresthesia, and rapidity of growth were features of the lesion. Successful excision was followed by death from secondary hemorrhage.
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Giant-cell tumor of the jaw presents difficulty in diagnosis. It is rare in the head and neck regions and may resemble, clinically and histologically, other types of jaw lesion. However, histologic study may distinguish this lesion from a giant-cell granuloma, an osteogenic sarcoma, and most epulides. Adequate surgical excision with a long-term follow-up is the recommended treatment of choice.
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The clinical features and treatment of 39 cases of fibrous epulis are described. Many of the epulides attained giant sizes before patients sought treatment. A few large or recurrent fibrous epulides were mistaken for malignant lesions, such as fibrosarcoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, or squamous cell carcinoma. Adequate excision and histological examination of all tissues excised were found to be the best management procedure for fibrous epulis.
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