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Biomedical subjects

H A Klein

Publications and source records attributed to H A Klein.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparative studies of esophageal function in systemic sclerosis.

Three modalities for assessing esophageal dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis were prospectively compared. Seventeen patients underwent (a) esophageal manometry with measurement of distal esophageal peak contraction pressure amplitude, percentage of peristaltic waves, and lower esophageal sphincter pressure; (b) cine-esophagography with scoring based on residual contrast and the character of visualized waves; and (c) esophageal transit scintigraphy with quantification of residual swallowed tracer. Highly significant correlations were found between scintigraphic residual and cine-esophagography score, between scintigraphic residual and manometric amplitude, and indeed between all pairs of measured esophageal function parameters except those involving lower esophageal sphincter pressure. In addition, scintigraphy and cine-esophagography showed comparable ability to discriminate between patients with abnormal and normal esophageal motor function. Symptoms did not significantly correlate with quantitative parameters, nor did they have diagnostic discriminating ability. Induction of Raynaud's phenomenon in a subgroup of patients had no detectable effect on esophageal function. It was concluded that these three diagnostic modalities are approximately equivalent in their ability to detect esophageal dysmotility in systemic sclerosis and measure its severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Temperament and self-esteem in late adolescence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between temperament and self-esteem (or social competence) among late adolescents. The Dimensions of Temperament Scale and the Short Form of the Texas Social Behavior Inventory were administered to 186 students. It was found that Adaptability, Attention/Distractibility, and Reactivity all showed significant correlations with self-esteem. An interactive framework suggested that temperament may mediate how each individual perceives and experiences social demands and constraints, thereby influencing the level of positive regard and success during development.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

The relationship of temperament and adjustment in Japanese schools.

We hypothesized that children whose temperaments match the features, demands, and values of their environment will demonstrate a better fit or adjustment to that environment. Culture is one factor that influences the environment. This study examined the temperament ideal held by Japanese teachers (N = 18) as well as the relationship between judged temperament and the adjustment of children (N = 108) in kindergarten, first-, and second-grade Japanese classrooms. A questionnaire assessed a range of temperament for both ideal and actual judgments. Temperament ideals were consistent with previous sociological research. Good adjustment was significantly related to high task orientation, persistence, and flexibility, as well as to an approaching (as opposed to a withdrawing) style and a positive mood. The child who fit the cultural ideal of a "good child" was also perceived as better adjusted to the programs, and to the adults and peers in Japanese schools.

Achievement↗
PubMed1990

The effect of projection in esophageal transit scintigraphy.

Data from esophageal transit scintigraphy with swallowing of Tc-99m sulfur colloid in water in the supine position were studied to determine the effect of posterior as compared with anterior imaging. Net attenuation was less with the anterior projection. Nonetheless, the posterior projection is favored because of more uniform attenuation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Colorectal carcinoma metastases: detection with In-111-labeled monoclonal antibody CCR 086.

A phase I/II clinical trial with indium-111-labeled antimucin murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CCR 086 was conducted. Seventeen patients with histologically proved colorectal carcinoma and known metastatic disease underwent external scintigraphy after administration of 5.5 mCi (203.5 MBq) of In-111 CCR 086 at doses of 5 and 20 mg. Of 25 known lesions, 17 were detected (sensitivity, 68%). The smallest detected lesion in the lung was 1 cm and in the liver was 1.5 cm. The serum half-life of In-111-labeled CCR 086 MoAb was approximately 64 hours. The formation of human antimouse antibody (HAMA) was detected in the serum of four of five patients who received 20 mg of MoAb. No HAMAs were detected in four patients receiving 5 mg of MoAb. No side effects were encountered. Because of effective detection of liver and lung metastases with lower doses (5-20 mg) of CCR 086 conjugated with In-111, further investigations are warranted to assess clinical and therapeutic potentials of CCR 086 in the management of colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Correlates of life satisfaction among military wives.

Military life includes constant change. This study explored the relationship of life satisfaction among military wives with the individual attitudinal and personality variables of perceived social support, locus of control, and temperament. Sixty wives of noncommissioned military personnel were selected as participants. Life satisfaction was found to be related to high levels of perceived social support from family and from friends, to an internal locus of control, and to low levels of emotionality-stress and emotionality-fear. The results supported the role of individual resources for mediating adjustment and enhancing life satisfaction during the changes inherent in military life. Implications for identifying and helping high-risk women emerged.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

The scope of false-positive iodine-131 images for thyroid carcinoma.

Iodine-131 is used to detect and treat functioning lesions of papillary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid. False-positive images although rare, do occur, with major categories being 1) body secretions, 2) pathologic transudates and inflammation, 3) nonspecific mediastinal uptake, and 4) neoplasms of nonthyroidal origin. The authors present eight cases that fall into the first three categories, including three types not previously reported--a lymphoepithelial cyst, a scrotal hydrocele, and a skin burn. The classification of mediastinal uptake as false positive is tentative. High-dose images and those exploiting therapeutic doses have an increased detection rate for both true and spurious lesions. Appropriate caution is advised in the interpretation of I-131 images.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Radioxenon ventilation studies with disposable apparatus: technique and application.

Modification of commercially supplied disposable apparatus for radioxenon ventilation imaging solved several problems: occasional poor inhalation of the initial bolus of gas, awkward initiation of the wash-out phase, and building up of pressure against which the patient must exhale in the wash-out phase. Two cases illustrate results of ventilation and perfusion imaging in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary embolism. A third case illustrates results before and after bullectomy, including quantitative data analysis of the wash-out phase. Although long-range economy is possible with permanent equipment, the use of the modified disposable apparatus may be preferable in certain circumstances.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Transformation of stimulus information from very short-term memory.

Observers were shown a simple stimulus pattern, a mask pattern, and a test pattern on each trial. Different types of test patterns were used to assess transformations of material from very short-term memory. The durations of the initial stimulus pattern and the mask pattern were also varied. Significant differences in average response data were found between types of test pattern over exposure durations; however, sensitivity measures showed minimal differences between types of test pattern. This suggested some distinctions between input processing and response selection in the paradigm. Selective feature analysis seems to be a characteristic of response selection.

Discrimination, Psychological↗