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Biomedical subjects

H A Paul

Publications and source records attributed to H A Paul.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Using a database to analyze core basic science content in a problem-based curriculum.

As medical schools critically reevaluate their methods of instruction and as the number of innovative programs increases, the content delivered across disciplines must be carefully reviewed. However, few methods of content analysis have been applied to problem-based programs. In 1989-90 and 1990-91, the authors analyzed the distribution of basic science content in the 53 cases in the problem-based curriculum of Rush Medical College of Rush University. They developed a content vocabulary and created a database using a widely available computer software program. The content areas specific to each case were identified by faculty using the content vocabulary. To determine whether these content areas were actually identified by the students participating in the problem-solving sessions, the authors surveyed the 36 student participants in the classes of 1993 and 1994 and also interviewed the 15 faculty facilitators of the sessions. The surveys and interviews demonstrated that over 90% of the content areas identified by the faculty were actually covered by the students. The authors conclude that the database assists in their review of the curriculum for omission and redundancy. Other uses and limitations of this method are also discussed.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed1992

Development of a surgical robot for cementless total hip arthroplasty.

The long-term success of cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) may depend on bone ingrowth into the porous-fixation surfaces of the implant. The ingrowth process is facilitated when the surgeon achieves a satisfactory fit for the prosthesis. Clinically or roentgenographically visible failure and persistent thigh pain after cementless THA remain significant problems, both of which may be alleviated by more precise preparation of the femoral canal and selection of an appropriately sized prosthesis. The objective of this study was to obtain an exact fit for the prosthesis through the use of an image-directed surgical robot for femoral canal preparation.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed1991

An experiment in medical education. A critical analysis using traditional criteria.

In 1984, in addition to its standard traditional curriculum, Rush Medical College (Chicago, Ill) developed a Socratic problem-based method of teaching basic science material called the alternative curriculum. As part of an evaluation of this new curriculum, students in the two curricula were compared using three traditional measurements: (1) test scores from the National Board of Medical Examiners, Part I; (2) test scores from the National Board of Medical Examiners, Part II; and (3) performance on an oral examination. Alternative curriculum students did not differ significantly from their traditional curriculum classmates on National Board of Medical Examiners, Part I and Part II total scores, although their subset scores on Part I did tend to be lower, reaching significance in one subset area. Differences in performance favoring the traditional curriculum were primarily seen in the early years of the program. Alternative curriculum students in the class matriculated in 1987 scored significantly higher in three of five categories on the oral examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ecological aspects concerning the rehabilitation of handicapped persons.

When drawing up demand-oriented plans and establishing a network of rehabilitation facilities covering all areas, it is advisable to make an ecological analysis of the area to be served. Such an analysis should take into account the natural physical and socio-geographical conditions as well as basic data relating to the population living in a particular area and its movement. A further step is the topographical determination of available data on chronic diseases and handicaps in the individual discernable areas; besides the various statistical data, one should investigate also the degree of severity and the care required by the individual forms of diseases or handicaps. These factors largely influence the needs in the fields of medical, educational, vocational and social rehabilitation for in-patient or out-patient facilities and the personnel requirements in the form of specialist staff. When performing such calculations, it is often necessary to find a compromise between the various alternatives in accordance with the corresponding, existing socio-political and national health system. On the basis of such data, it is possible to formulate a concrete single plan together with already functioning institutions; such a plan could take its lead from a model concept. Of assistance, in this case, would be an epidemiological assessment which , in a longitudinal section of time, can transform itself into interventionist research and improvement of the deficiencies thereby ascertained. Consideration should also be paid to allowing future actions to be accompanied by scientific measures.

Demography↗
PubMed1978

[Trends in modern international gerontological research. Epidemiological aspects].

Using the methods of comparing statistical data from the population in different countries on should have in mind that the age distribution could differ very much according to her biological and social structure. As example serves the system of social indicators applied by several supranational bodies in order to develop an instrument for measure the "quality of life". Life expectancy and and disability rates in different age groups are among those methods. National statistics do not use only mortability rates and to some extend also morbidity rates but also scaled values about the amount of activities in daily living. Sociomedical figures like the number of restricted-activity, bed-disability, school-loss, and workloss days per person per year seem to give more appropriate data for this purpose than the biomedical counts of the past. On would recognize--at least in the angloamerican countries--that there is a newer trend to find indicators for epidemiological studies and statistics applicable by non-medical personnel as disability components for an index of health in age.

Aged↗