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Biomedical subjects

H A Rotbart

Publications and source records attributed to H A Rotbart.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Kingella kingae osteomyelitis of the clavicle.

Kingella kingae is the most recent addition to the list of etiologic agents causing osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in previously well children. A case is presented of a child with K. kingae osteomyelitis of the clavicle--an uncommon site of infection due to any organism. In the hope of facilitating the detection and treatment of this increasingly recognized pathogen, a brief discussion of its microbiologic characteristics and a summary of the patients reported to date with bone and joint infections due to this organism are included. To our knowledge, this is the first discussion of K. kingae in the orthopedic literature.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1984

Use of subgenomic poliovirus DNA hybridization probes to detect the major subgroups of enteroviruses.

Three nucleic acid hybridization probes were derived from DNA clones of the poliovirus type 1 genome. Used in dot hybridization experiments, the probes successfully detected members of each of the major enteroviral subgroups. The hybridization patterns obtained with the three probes suggested that a highly conserved nucleotide sequence existed among the enteroviruses tested, mapping between bases 220 and 1809 in the poliovirus genome. Two new antiviral agents capable of inhibiting enterovirus replication in tissue culture were used to demonstrate the specificity of the probes for viral RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

An outbreak of rotavirus-associated neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

An outbreak of necrotizing enterocolitis and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis occurred in two nurseries during 25 days in August 1982. Eleven of the 40 patients in these nurseries during that time developed disease (attack rate 27.5%). In seven of the 10 patients with gastrointestinal disease, stool samples tested for human rotavirus were positive by ELISA, whereas in 20 unaffected infants, no stools tested demonstrated HRV (P = 0.0001). Eleven staff members had serologic evidence of recent HRV infection. Comparison of risk factors traditionally associated with the development of NEC between the affected and unaffected infants revealed no significant differences. Rotavirus infection was the only finding that was highly correlated with this epidemic.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Picornavirus infections: a primer for the practitioner.

Picornaviruses, including the rhinoviruses and enteroviruses, are common causes of infections in the developed world and the most common reason for prescribing antibiotics. These ubiquitous pathogens are increasingly being recognized in more serious illnesses, such as sinusitis, exacerbations of asthma, exacerbations of cystic fibrosis, myocarditis, meningitis, and severe neonatal sepsislike disease. Recent advances have improved our ability to diagnosis and treat these infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increased risk of illness among nursery staff caring for neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis.

In 1983 an outbreak of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis occurred in our newborn nurseries. Eleven children were ill and three required bowel resections. During the outbreak many of the medical and nursing staff in the nurseries also were ill, prompting a microbiologic and epidemiologic investigation. Bacterial and viral cultures, Clostridium difficile toxin assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for viral antigens and immunoelectron microscopy of stools identified no associated pathogen. However, using a method of calculating relative risk as an incidence density ratio, we found that nurses who had cared for ill infants were at higher risk for sick call within the 9 days following exposure than nurses who had cared for babies without NEC (relative risk, 1.96; P = 0.05). These results provide additional evidence that a transmissible agent may be responsible for some cases of NEC and support the recommendation for infection control measures during outbreaks. The epidemiologic methods used in this study may be useful in prospective studies of NEC and may help to provide further clues to the cause of this disease.

Cross Infection↗