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Biomedical subjects

H A Shah

Publications and source records attributed to H A Shah.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Pill-induced esophageal injury: endoscopic features and clinical outcomes.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Pill-induced esophageal injury is a common but under-reported problem. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical and endoscopic features, and the outcome of pill-related esophageal injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Endoscopy records for the period from January 1997 to June 2003 were searched for reports of esophageal pathology. The records of patients with pill-induced esophageal injury were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 92 patients with pill-induced esophageal injury were identified (33 men, 59 women; mean age 59, range 25-87). Common symptoms were odynophagia (n = 69, 75 %), chest pain (n = 55, 60 %), vomiting (n = 53, 58 %), dysphagia (n = 31, 33 %), and hematemesis (n = 14, 15 %). The endoscopic findings in the esophagus were: erythema in 76 patients (83 %), erosions in 53 patients (58 %), ulcers in 24 patients (26 %), seven of which were "kissing" ulcers, esophageal ulcer with bleeding in 17 patients (18 %), and esophageal strictures in seven patients (8 %). The causative pills were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 38 patients (41 %), tetracyclines in 20 patients (22 %), potassium chloride tablets in nine patients (10 %), alendronate in eight patients (9 %), and other drugs in 17 patients (18 %). Underlying diseases included diabetes in 60 patients (65 %), ischemic heart disease in 39 patients (42 %), and hypothyroidism in four patients (4 %). The mean hospital stay was 1.94 days; 14 patients (15 %) required injection of epinephrine 1 : 10,000 to control bleeding; and two patients died. CONCLUSIONS: Pill-induced injury may present as erosions, kissing ulcers, and multiple small areas of ulceration with bleeding, mainly in the middle third of the esophagus. Advanced age, female gender, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease were common associations. The majority of patients made an uneventful recovery.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Longitudinal oscillations and linear Landau damping in quark-gluon plasma.

On the basis of the semiclassical kinetic Vlasov equation for quark-gluon plasma and the Yang-Mills equation in covariant gauge, linear Landau damping for electrostatic perturbations such as Langmuir waves is investigated for the extreme-relativistic and strongly relativistic cases. It has been observed that for the extreme-relativistic case, wherein the thermal speed of the particles exceeds the phase velocity of the perturbations, the linear Landau damping is absent as has been reported in the literature. However, a departure from extreme-relativistic case generates an imaginary component of the frequency giving rise to linear Landau damping effect. The relevant integral for the conductivity tensor has been evaluated and the dispersion relation for the longitudinal part of the oscillation was obtained. Further, it is also noted that both the real part of the oscillation frequency and the damping rate are sensitive to the choice of the wave number k and the Debye length lambda(D) associated with quark-gluon plasma.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Irritable bowel syndrome in health care professionals in Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the symptomatology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among health care professionals attending an IBS symposium in a tertiary care university hospital. METHOD: A questionnaire designed to incorporate Manning and Rome II criteria was distributed among participants of an IBS symposium, most of them were health care professionals. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed, 41 had symptoms fulfilling criteria of IBS. In these patients male: female ratio was 28:13 with age range 18-68. RESULTS: The predominant symptom was abdominal pain 87.8 % (36/41) which was aggravated post-prandially 72.2% (29/41), relieved following defecation in 87% (35/41) with a sense of incomplete evacuation 85.3% (35/41) and distention after defecation in 80.4% (33/41). Anxiety and depression was present in 80% (33/41) as an extraintestinal symptom. CONCLUSION: Irritable bowel syndrome is common in health care workers with intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations being equally common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Immuno-histochemical analysis of estrogen receptors on the malignant gallbladder tissue.

Sex steroids play an important part in the functioning of normal gallbladder, formation of gallstones and possibly in the pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer. Steroids receptors have been previously demonstrated on normal and malignant gall bladder tissues. To study this phenomenon further, we correlated clinicopathological features and survival with estrogen receptor (ER) status of the tumour in 30 patients with histologically-proven adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Estrogen receptor assay was performed immuno-histochemically utilizing Universal Immunoperoxidase Staining Kit. Tumor tissue was obtained either surgically or with fine needle aspiration of the gallbladder mass. There were 27 females and 3 males. Eighteen patients had estrogen receptors expressed on the malignant tissue, 12 were negative. Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics and survival between the two groups demonstrated no significant difference in gender, mean age, marital status and parity. Similarly, presence of gallstones, histologic grade or survival did not correlate with the estrogen receptor status. There is, however, a trend in favour of poorly differentiated tumors being more often receptor negative. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the biologic significance of these receptors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and chronic liver disease in Pakistan.

UNLABELLED: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is classified into different types depending on nucleotide sequence variability. Detailed information on the distribution of various HCV genotypes in some geographical areas is available but little is known about Pakistan. In this study, a 5' non-coding region (NCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping assay was used to investigate the genotype distribution in a large series of HCV-infected patients in Karachi, Pakistan. Serum samples from 74 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic liver disease (60 patients) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (14 patients) were assayed for anti-HCV antibody by second generation enzyme immunoassay and 48 were confirmed anti-HCV-positive (33 males, 15 females). Other causes of chronic liver disease (e.g. haemochromatosis, Wilson's disease and immune-mediated injury) were ruled out. Liver biopsy was done in 27/48 anti-HCV-positive patients and in all HCC patients. Genotypes were determined for 45/48 anti-HCV-positive study patients; 39/45 (87%) were type 3; four (9%) were type 1; one was type 2; and one was type 5. Past blood transfusion was the main identifiable risk factor found in 10 patients, all type 3. Seven of the 14 HCC patients were anti-HCV positive, (six were type 3). Most patients with hepatitis C presented with established cirrhosis and complications of portal hypertension and liver failure. IN CONCLUSION: (i) genotype 3 is the most common isolate in HCV-associated chronic liver disease in Pakistan; (ii) a significant proportion of HBsAg-negative cirrhotics are non-B, non-C in aetiology; and (iii) half of the patients with HCC have serological evidence of HCV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of liver histology in chronic active hepatitis C and chronic active hepatitis B.

OBJECTIVE: To study the histological features of chronic active hepatitis C (CAH-C) and to compare these with those of chronic active hepatitis B (CAH-B). METHODS: Thirty-two liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic active hepatitis and presence of antibodies to hepatitis C on second generation enzyme immunoassay were studied and compared with those in 34 patients with CAH-B. Seventeen of the 32 CAH-C patients had fully developed or developing cirrhosis of liver whereas the remainder had only chronic active hepatitis. RESULTS: Among 32 patients with CAH-C, fatty change (20), Kupffer cell hyperplasia (30), sinusoidal lymphocytosis (27) lymphoid follicles aggregates in portal tracts (26) and bridging necrosis (16) were regular features. Focal necrosis, bile duct necrosis, cholestasis and ground glass cells were however seen much less often. On the other hand, in patients with CAH-B, fatty change (no patient), sinusoidal lymphocytosis (one patient) and lymphoid follicles/aggregates in portal tracts (one patient) were rare. Also, Kupffer cell hyperplasia (22 patients) was seen less commonly in patients with CAH-B as compared to CAH-C. Focal necrosis (34 patients), bile ductular proliferation (9 patients), cholestasis (17 patients) and ground glass cells (15 patients) were more prominent in CAH-B. CONCLUSION: Presence of certain histological features can help in distinguishing between CAH-C and CAH-B.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Primary pulmonary hypertension developing 11 years after a splenorenal shunt for portal hypertension in hepatic cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient with pulmonary and portal hypertension and to review the pathogenesis and management of this condition. PATIENT: A 22-year-old woman with portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis who later developed pulmonary hypertension. INTERVENTIONS: The patient received antibiotic therapy and underwent a splenectomy and proximal splenorenal shunt for portal hypertension. She later received hydralazine, digoxin and warfarin for pulmonary hypertension. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After undergoing a splenorenal shunt the patient made a good recovery. However, she later developed pulmonary hypertension and died after undergoing a hysterectomy and a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The concomitant development of portal and pulmonary hypertension in the same patient has a poor prognosis. The treatment available for patients with these conditions is unsatisfactory and most patients eventually die as a result of cardiovascular disease. Cardiopulmonary and liver transplantation should be considered in suitable patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Neonatal cholestasis. New approaches to diagnostic evaluation and therapy.

Neonatal cholestasis remains a major diagnostic challenge despite increasing knowledge regarding its pathogenesis. The time constraint and urgency in the investigational process is underscored by the age-dependent success rate of the surgical corrective procedures for EHBA. Appropriate interpretation of imaging and pathologic studies requires a pediatric center familiar with the entities causing neonatal cholestasis. When liver failure or progressive hepatic dysfunction is likely to occur, early referral to a liver transplant center is recommended. Despite the increasing experience and excellent results of pediatric liver transplantation, at this point, surgical corrective procedures such as the Kasai procedure remain the first line of treatment for most patients with EHBA.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1991

Yet another cause of chronic viral hepatitis?

The clinical features, course and histology of liver in 20 patients; mostly middle aged to elderly females, closely resembling chronic Non A Non B hepatitis is presented. They presented quite late in their disease and therefore, complications such as variceal bleeds, ascites and encephalopathy were frequent. Our patients were negative for hepatitis B and C virus serology. Metabolic and immune causes of chronic liver disease were also ruled out. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind elaborating the clinical features, course and histology of liver in chronic Non B Non C hepatitis and raises a number of questions as to the nature of the infecting virus and the epidemiology of disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental myiasis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗