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Biomedical subjects

H A Shenkin

Publications and source records attributed to H A Shenkin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Levamisole in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.

Twenty-five patients with malignant glioma were randomized to receive radiation therapy only or radiation therapy and oral Levamisole. There were no differences in survival between the two groups and therefore no advantage in the use of Levamisole in glioblastoma could be demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cerebellar strokes: mortality, surgical indications, and results of ventricular drainage.

A series of 15 patients with cerebellar haemorrhages and 55 with cerebellar infarcts diagnosed by computerised tomography were studied. 9 haemorrhage patients and 49 infarct patients did not have hydrocephalus; 7 and 44, respectively, survived. All 12 patients with hydrocephalus deteriorated and were subjected to ventricular drainage, 4 of the 6 haemorrhage patients with hydrocephalus survived, 2 in a functional neurological state. All 6 infarct patients with hydrocephalus survived in good condition after ventricular drainage. Hydrocephalus developed in patients with cerebellar haemorrhage more frequently and sooner after the stroke than in patients with cerebellar infarct. Once hydrocephalus had developed, deterioration was more rapid in haemorrhage patients. The most important determining factor in the survival of patients with cerebellar stroke is whether hydrocephalus develops. Consequently, the indication for surgical intervention is the presence of hydrocephalus. Ventricular drainage was effective in the treatment of patients with hydrocephalus accompanying cerebellar stroke, and it is likely that direct surgical attack is unnecessary.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Is "cerebral hyponatraemia" iatrogenic?

Hyponatraemia and hypoosmolality in patients with central nervous system (CNS) disease or trauma are often ascribed to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. A "cerebral" aetiology has been postulated. A review of published reports and data from the present study indicate that the increase in antidiuretic activity in these conditions is generally to be expected and is therefore appropriate. It is suggested that the hyponatraemia observed is the result of excessive administration of fluids. In patients with CNS disease or injured brains intravenous fluid intake should be limited to about 1 litre (of 2.5% glucose in 0.45% saline for a 70 kg adult) per day during the acute stress.

Arginine Vasopressin↗
PubMed1982

Acute subdural hematoma. Review of 39 consecutive cases with high incidence of cortical artery rupture.

In a consecutive series of 39 cases of acute subdural hematoma (SDH), encountered since computerized tomography diagnosis became available, 61.5% were found to be the result of bleeding from a small cortical artery, 25.6% were of venous origin, 7.7% resulted from cerebral contusions, and 5% were acute bleeds into chronic subdural hematomas. Craniotomy was performed promptly on admission, but there was no difference in survival (overall 51.3%) between patients with arterial and venous bleeds. The only apparent factor affecting survival in this series was the preoperative neurological status: 67% of patients who were decerebrate and had fixed pupils prior to operation died. Of patients with less severe neurological dysfunction, only 20% failed to survive.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Ventricle to sagittal sinus shunt for hydrocephalus.

A technique of shunting the lateral ventricle to the superior sagittal sinus is described. It has been used in 36 adult patients; infection occured in 2 patients (5.6%), and 2 patients required shunt revision (5.6%). The outcome of 18 patients with high pressure hydrocephalus could be validly evaluated, and successful control was achieved in 15 (83%). One of the 3 failures could have been avoided because shunting was undertaken before the ventricular fluid had cleared of blood. Four patients with normal or low pressure hydrocephalus were treated; only 1 had a successful result. This technique is suitable for patients with high pressure hydrocephalus and is of particular value in very ill or debilitated patients because of the rapidity with which it can be performed under local analgesia. Its use in normal or low pressure hydrocephalus must still be evaluated. In any event, the sagittal sinus is certainly a feasible alternate receptor site for ventricular shunting.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus-- a report of 73 patients.

In 1973 we reported results of ventricular shunting in 28 patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. The present report consists of a three year follow-up of the latter (series 1), and an additional 45 patients (series 2) are presented for further insight into the conclusions drawn from the original experiences.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A new approach to the surgical treatment of lumbar spondylosis.

The authors discuss routine removal of inferior articular processes and their facets during laminectomy, with wide visualization of the lumbar nerve roots, which has proven to be most successful in relief of the symptoms of lumbar spondylosis. No instance of postoperative vertebral instability has been found. In a consecutive series of 70 patients averaging 58.3 years of age, 91% of patients adequately followed did well. Of six patients who did poorly, three had apparent explanations and, presumably, such errors are avoidable. Despite the generally advanced age of this series (12 patients aged over 70 years) there was no mortality or undue morbidity. Patients previously operated on for disc herniation, as a group, were somewhat younger and the spondylosis tended to be more localized (to the area of previous surgery) than in patients operated on for the first time.

Adult↗