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Biomedical subjects

H A Williams

Publications and source records attributed to H A Williams.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparing the perception of support by parents of children with cancer and by health professionals.

Childhood cancer is considered one of the greatest challenges a family can face. Some families cope well with it; others do not. The presence of social support, both perceived and actual, as well as the individuals with whom parents interact, may determine how well a family copes. The purpose of this pilot study was to describe how parents of children with cancer perceive support and the types of things parents found supportive while their child was hospitalized. Parents' perceptions of support were compared with those of the health professionals involved in the care of these children. The primary way the parents perceived support was any activity that met their affective needs. Health professionals faltered when asked to define support, but most said that it meant "being available." Caring and educational activities were the two ways the professionals could offer support to the families, yet parents rarely mentioned teaching as a supportive activity. Parents and health professionals defined aspects of support similarly, but there was minimal congruity between them in listing which people were considered supportive to the parents. In conclusion, health professionals and parents have similar ideas about what support is, but at best, the professionals' predictions concerning who is supportive in a given case appear random and may be biased. This study suggests that new ways of assessing support needs for these families are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Bleaching the natural dentition to match the color of existing restorations: case reports.

Vital tooth bleaching has become a popular and successful treatment. This treatment may be performed under controlled conditions in the dental office or it may be used under monitored, prescribed conditions with a 10% or 15% carbamide peroxide solution, applied by the patient at home. This paper presents the use of both types of systems in a unique application to modify the color of the natural dentition to match that of existing restorations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Retention strengths of three cements using full crown preparations restored with amalgam.

The tensile bond strength of noble and non-noble castings luted with adhesive resin cements and zinc phosphate cement to prepared extracted teeth having received MOD amalgam restorations were compared. The crown preparations were standardized on the extracted teeth to produce axial wall length and taper consistent with that seen clinically. Results indicated the resin luting agents were significantly more retentive than the zinc phosphate cement and for each cement there was no difference in the casting alloy used.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Spatial realignment using the hybrid resin-bonded bridge.

As an alternative to a conventional fixed partial denture, a modification of the hybrid resin-bonded bridge was used to compensate for a spatial discrepancy accentuated by a missing tooth. The proximal margins of the restoration were extended onto the facial surfaces of the abutment teeth to create a partially veneered surface. The abutment teeth were widened by shifting the embrasure into the edentulous space, thus creating more esthetic proportions.

Cementation↗
PubMed1990

Definitions of normal alcohol consumption held by male University of Zimbabwe senior year medical students.

A structured questionnaire designed to assess the definition of the normal, non-problem use of Western type alcohol for the average male and the average female was administered to 40 Black male University of Zimbabwe 4th- and 5th-year medical students. The students' definition of the normal, non-problem use of alcohol was established for the average male and the average female. The students defined it as normal for males to drink significantly more alcohol than females.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sexuality in children and adolescents with cancer: pediatric oncology nurses' attitudes and behaviors.

It is essential that health professionals openly discuss how cancer may affect the developing sexuality of childhood cancer patients. This study was conducted to explore nurses' attitudes and behaviors regarding sexuality in cancer patients. Results are reported for a subset of a larger study (N = 937) from subjects who indicated that their practice included children and/or adolescents (N = 156). The Williams-Wilson Sexuality Survey was used to measure attitudes towards sexuality in cancer patients, behavior in nursing care related to the sexuality of a cancer patient, and attitudes towards sexuality in the child and/or adolescent with cancer. The majority of subjects agreed that sexuality should be a routine component of nursing care, yet less than half had actually discussed an alternation in sexuality with an adolescent patient. More than one third said they were not comfortable in initiating such discussions. However, they were comfortable in discussing sexuality concerns when these discussions were initiated by the patient and/or family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Surface characteristics of resin-coated composite restorations.

Twenty-four maxillary anterior composite restorations from a clinical study of resin coating were examined at the time of baseline evaluation and at 23 months; electroplated positive replicas, impression negative replicas, and SEMs were used for evaluation. Coated restorations had smooth surfaces after 23 months, in comparison with rough surfaces of uncoated restorations. Defects in some of the resin coatings were found at the time of baseline evaluation; these included isolated areas of the composite or etched enamel that were not covered by the resin. Later examinations showed cracking of part of the edges of resin coating, development of bare areas, thinning of the coating edges, or generalized loss of the protective coating. The defects seen immediately after placement of the coatings were probably caused by errors in technique that include: application of the resin in a layer that was too thin; surface contaminants in the area of application; moisture on the surface of the composite or enamel; and areas of inadequate enamel etching were adjacent to the cavosurface margin of the composite. The appearance of bare spots or total loss or thinning of the resin coating edges during the later examinations is caused by wearing or abrading of the resin coatings from natural or mechanical causes. This seems to be a function of the initial coating thickness and its location on the tooth.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of glazing materials for composite restorations.

Composite restorations containing quartz fillers have shown persistent roughness after finishing which contributes to marginal discoloration and staining. Resin finish coatings have been used to attempt to overcome this problem. This study was designed to compare the durability of two resin coating materials used on two brands of composite restorative materials. Results showed that composites glazed with resin coating finishes at placement maintained their luster, color match, and surface smoothness significantly better after one year than composites that were not coated. After a year it was concluded that composites on which the resin coating is intact maintain their color match, luster, and smoothness significantly better than uncoated composite restorations.

Acid Etching, Dental↗