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H Abdel-Dayem

Publications and source records attributed to H Abdel-Dayem.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Diffuse Tl-201 uptake in the lungs. Etiologic classification and pattern recognition.

Diffuse Tl-201 uptake in the lungs could be because of cardiac, neoplastic, inflammatory, or interstitial lung disease. Examples from the different categories, differential diagnosis, and different patterns are presented. The authors discuss the different mechanisms of increased Tl-201 uptake in the lungs which vary according to the underlying pathology.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Detection of a 2.1 cm hepatocellular carcinoma in an 11-year-old boy by Tl-201 chloride. Case presentation and correlative imaging findings.

Abnormal uptake of Tl-201 chloride in the liver along with correlative radiologic imaging is presented in an unusual case of an 11-year-old boy with a small 2.1 cm hepatocellular carcinoma. Although planar Tl-201 images were normal, triple-headed SPECT Tl-201 images showed a focal area of increased liver activity at the site of the tumor which corresponded to a photopenic area on Tc-99m SC SPECT images. The patient successfully underwent partial liver resection of a pathologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1995

Viral infections of the brain.

Brain infections are generally well visualized by contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. However, these modalities are often unrevealing in the encephalopathy produced by the human immunodeficiency virus and in the early stages of herpes simplex encephalitis. Several studies have documented the greater sensitivity of perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy. In herpes simplex encephalitis, a few case reports have documented that SPECT may depict increased perfusion in the characteristically involved temporal and other limbic structures when computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are normal.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1995

Head trauma: use of SPECT.

Brain damage inflicted by head trauma may not be visible on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. This is true not only for mild head trauma, but also for moderate and severe head trauma. Perfusion imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography has proved in several controlled studies to be more sensitive than either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in detecting brain abnormalities in patients with head trauma.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1995

201T1-chloride uptake ratios in differentiating benign from malignant lesions: recommendations for ratio calculations and interpretation.

Thallium-201 (201T1) chloride ratios have been used to differentiate benign from malignant lesions in bones and soft tissues, brain, breast, lungs and thyroid. Different values of these ratios have been reported by various authors. The need to standardize the methods for calculating thallium ratios is discussed in this paper. The difference between calculating the ratios using planar and single photon emission tomography (SPET) images is presented in two patients who had metastatic bone lesions to the lower femoral condyle from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and to the iliac bone from breast carcinoma. In our experience, it is more reliable to calculate the thallium ratios from SPET images whenever possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Phosphorus-32-chromic phosphate for ovarian cancer: I. Fractionated low-dose intraperitoneal treatments in conjunction with platinum analog chemotherapy.

UNLABELLED: For many years, 32P-chromic phosphate (32P-CP) intraperitoneal instillations and platinum analogue chemotherapy have been used to treat disseminated ovarian cancer. To investigate possible enhancement of 32P-CP irradiation due to the concomitant administration of chemotherapy, in vitro studies were undertaken. Based on those laboratory investigations, a clinical regimen of combined 32P-CP and platinum analogue chemotherapy was developed. METHODS: In vitro enhancement of 32P-CP cytotoxicity by cisplatin was studied in cultured human ovarian adenocarcinoma (CHOA) cell lines and in a fibroblast cell strain. In addition, ovarian cancer cells obtained from the malignant abdominal ascites and pleural effusions of 10 individual patients were also studied ex vivo. As part of routine clinical care, 30 patients with disseminated ovarian adenocarcinoma underwent up to eight monthly cycles of platinum analogue chemotherapy with concomitant intraperitoneal instillation of 5 mCi of 32P-CP at each monthly chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: There was an enhanced and possibly supra-additive effect of cisplatin on the cytotoxicity from 32P-CP irradiation. For the 30 patients, the survival rate at 3 yr was 63%. CONCLUSION: Phosphorus-32 CP low-dose intraperitoneal treatments in conjunction with platinum analogue chemotherapy is a promising approach for the treatment of disseminated intraperitoneal ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Simultaneous gallium-67 citrate and technetium-99m sestamibi SPET in a case of myocardial lymphoma: comparison with echocardiography before and after chemotherapy.

A patient with diffuse large cell lymphoma involving the interventricular septum and the inferior ventricular wall was imaged with a simultaneous dual-isotope single-photon emission tomography (SPET) acquisition technique, using the radiotracers technetium-99m hexakis 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (sestamibi) and gallium-67 citrate, in conjunction with echocardiography, prior to and following the first course of chemotherapy. Simultaneous acquisition--with the advantage of displaying corresponding sets of SPET slices without any need for position correction--, supplemented by echocardiography, increased the accuracy of evaluation of the extent of disease and response to treatment.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Gallbladder activity appearing 6 minutes after the intravenous injection of Tc99m MAG3 simulating a picture of obstructive uropathy of the right kidney.

Two cases of Tc-99m MAG3 renograms performed on the same day are presented. Both of them show considerable liver activity, which is a known drawback for MAG3 by distribution. In the first case, gallbladder activity appeared after 6 minutes, at the same time when tubular drainage and caliceal activity started to show in both kidneys. The gallbladder activity was superimposed over the upper calyces of the right kidney and simulated an obstructive pattern in the time-activity curves. This early gallbladder activity after intravenous injection of Tc-99m MAG3 has not been previously reported. The second case is presented for the purpose of confirming that nothing in the preparation of the kit contributed to this phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

New technique for assessing muscle damage after trauma.

We report a new technique which is a useful objective method for assessing the extent and severity of traumatic muscle damage using scintigraphic imaging. Radionuclide indium-111 antimyosin was used in 13 patients with trauma. The increased uptake was confined to the injured muscles and the intensity was related to the severity of damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The use of 99mTc-DTPA for detection and localization of site of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

Intravenously injected 99mTc-DTPA was evaluated in 64 patients for its efficiency in detecting and localizing sites of acute upper and lower gastrointestinal (G.I.) bleeding. These studies were correlated with endoscopic and surgical findings. There were 34 bleeders and 30 non bleeders giving a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 82% and accuracy of 86%. Of these, 49 were upper G.I. studies (stomach 21 and duodenum 28) and 15 were lower G.I. studies (small intestine 8, large bowel 7). Of the 49 upper G.I. studies, 27 showed active bleeding while 22 showed no bleeding at the time of the study resulting in a sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 76% and accuracy of 82%. Of the 15 lower G.I. studies, 7 were bleeders while 8 were non bleeders. All the lower G.I. bleeding sites were accurately localized with the 99mTc-DTPA. An incidental finding of these studies was the localization of 99mTc-DTPA in the site of inflammatory and malignant lesions of the G.I. tract. Of the 64 studies, 18 inflammatory and malignant lesions were detected with the IV injected 99mTc-DTPA; 10 were bleeders while 8 were non bleeders. Image subtraction of early from delayed images was helpful to differentiate bleeding from non bleeding cases in this last group of studies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

The optimum time for tumour imaging with thallium-201.

Following the intravenous injection of 75 MBq 201Tl-chloride we have assessed the uptake kinetics in the myocardium and in the primary tumour in 56 patients with lung cancer, 26 with breast cancer and 13 with mediastinal lymphoma. The time of maximal tumour uptake ranged from 8-20 min post-injection and did not differ significantly between lung cancer (mean +/- SD = 11.9 +/- 3.34 min), breast cancer (11.21 +/- 1.88 min) and lymphoma (11.76 +/- 3.25 min). The time of maximum cardiac uptake of 201Tl was 11.61 +/- 3.25 min. There was no significant washout of 201Tl from the tumours in the first hour after injection in the various malignant lesions studied. The time of maximal tumour to background activity was 18.3 +/- 0.59 min for lung cancer, 13.0 +/- 1.16 min for breast cancer and 16.7 +/- 1.04 min for lymphoma. The time course of 201Tl uptake in the tumours suggests that the mechanism of uptake is similar to that in the myocardium. The optimal time of 201Tl tumour imaging is from 20-60 min following injection and did not differ in various tumours studied.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Radionuclide imaging of the spleen with heat denatured technetium-99m RBC when the splenic reticuloendothelial system seems impaired.

Imaging of the spleen of 10 patients who had been hematologically diagnosed with sickle-cell anemia (SCA) was studied with [99mTc]tin colloid and heat denatured [99mTc]RBCs. In all ten patients, there was faint or nonvisualization of the spleen with [99mTc]tin colloid. However, with heat denatured [99mTc]RBCs, nine spleens were well visualized, and the uptake was homogenous. One spleen had two patchy areas of uptake. The results indicate that when splenic phagocytic function is impaired as reflected by nonvisualization of the spleen with [99mTc]tin colloid, it is still possible to image such a spleen with heat denatured [99mTc]RBCs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Congenital absence of the mammary gland.

Tc-99m pertechnetate is known for its uptake and excretion by the mammary gland. Generally, lactating women are not advised to have any radioisotopic studies. If it is necessary to have one, it is recommended that they do not breast-feed their children for at least 24 hours. Congenital absence of the mammary gland is a rare condition. This case was accidently discovered. Nuclear medicine physicians should be aware of the value of clinical examination of patients, and that not every absent or asymmetric breast shadow is due to surgical resection.

Adult↗