Biomedical subjects

H Ahlström

Publications and source records attributed to H Ahlström.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

Infantile periarteritis nodosa or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. A report on four cases and diagnostic considerations.

Coronary artery aneurysm in childhood is a rare disease and has in most cases been ascribed to infantile periarteritis nodosa (IPN). In recent years a mucocutaneous lymph node syndrom (MLNS) has been found almost exclusively in Japan first described by Kawasaki 1967; this disease frequently involves the coronary arteries and myocardium. Four cases with coronary aneurysms are presented from Sweden and seem to be first described from Scandinavia. Three of these patients died a sudden death with cardiac arrest. Since MLNS and IPN have identical clinical and pathological features, we suggest that MLNS and IPN constitute a pathologic entity and that to separate them on a clinical or histological basis is nonsensical. The risk of coronary aneurysm and possible sudden death must be considered in patients with uncharacteristic symptoms including prolonged fever, conjunctivitis, exanthema, lesions in the oral mucosa, elevated sedimintation rate, and leukocytosis.

Cardiomegaly↗

PubMed1976

Continuous postive airways pressure treatment by a face chamber in idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

Continuous positive airways pressure treatment by a face chamber in idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. During a 3-year period 45 infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) requiring ventilatory support were treated in the neonatal unit. Continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) via the face chamber was applied as initial therapy in 39 infants and during weaning from initial intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) treatment in 5 infants, whereas 1 infant received IPPV only. Among the 39 infants initially treated with CPAP 9 required IPPV as well. The overall survival rate was 37/45 or 82%. Incapacity to hyperoxygenate while breathing 100% oxygen was the indication for CPAP while occurrence of apnoeic attacks was the indication for IPPV. Pao2 during the hyperoxia test before ventilatory support was less than 50 mmHg in 10 infants and between 50 and 105 mmHg in 35 infants. Surviving infants were followed up with neurological and developmental control examinations as well as chest x-ray, and in several infants pulmonary function tests. 3/37 infants had moderate neurological sequelae and only 1/37 infants developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia. No deleterious effects of the face chamber were seen. As the face chamber is a noninvasive and easily applied technique for CPAP therapy without hazards, it is proposed that it should be used at a still earlier stage of IRDS in order to lesson the need for IPPV treatment and to increase the neurological and lung functional quality of survival.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗

PubMed1975

Pulmonary mechanics in infants surviving severe neonatal respiratory insufficiency.

Pulmonary mechanics was studied in 24 survivors of severe neonatal ventilatory insufficiency, 15 infants had idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), 6 recurrent severe apnoeic spells, and 3 postasphyxia syndrome. Of the infants with IRDS, 5 were treated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), 3 with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) via an endotracheal tube and 7 with CPAP applied via a face chamber. The other infants were all treated with IPPV. IPPV-treated infants generally had lower than expected values of dynamic compliance and pulmonary conductance, particularly after prolonged treatment. All infants treated with CPAP via a face chamber had normal mechanics, but a trend towards obstruction of the airways after varying periods of time was observed in most infants, irrespective of diagnosis or treatment. One infant treated with CPAP via an endotracheal tube and given pure oxygen for a long time had gross abnormalities suggesting bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Measurement of pulmonary conductance appears to be a reliable prognostic tool as concerns pulmonary symptoms later in infancy.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗

PubMed1974