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Biomedical subjects

H Anke

Publications and source records attributed to H Anke.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Mycenon, a new metabolite from a Mycena species TA 87202 (basidiomycetes) as an inhibitor of isocitrate lyase.

Mycenon (C11H5Cl3O3), a new inhibitor of isocitrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.1) was isolated from the culture broth of a basidiomycete, Mycena sp. Mycenon is a novel chlorinated benzoquinone derivative which is also active against bacteria and fungi. Malate synthase (EC 4.1.3.2) the second key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle was not affected by mycenon. Isocitrate lyase preparations from plants, bacteria and fungi were sensitive. The following Ki-values for mycenon have been determined: Ricinus communis, 5.2 microM; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, 11 microM; Neurospora crassa, 7.4 microM. The structure of mycenon has been determined by a single crystal X-ray analysis.

Agaricales↗
PubMed1990

Asperfuran, a novel antifungal metabolite from Aspergillus oryzae.

Asperfuran is a novel antifungal dihydrobenzofuran derivative produced by a strain of Aspergillus oryzae. Asperfuran weakly inhibited chitin synthase from Coprinus cinereus. This inhibition could be abolished by the addition of egg lecithin. In the agar diffusion assay asperfuran induced morphological changes in Mucor miehei at very low concentrations (20 ng/disc) while growth was only partly inhibited. In HeLa S3 and L1210 cells it showed weak cytotoxicity, the IC50 was 25 micrograms/ml.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

Assays of the biological activities of guaiane sesquiterpenoids isolated from the fruit bodies of edible lactarius species.

Three sesquiterpenoids that are found in the edible mushrooms Lactarius deliciosus, L. deterrimus and L. sanguifluus, have been assayed for biological activity. The compounds tested were a stearic acid ester of a sesquiterpene (I) and a sesquiterpene aldehyde (lactaroviolin, II) and alcohol (deterrol, III). The assays used were for mutagenic activity in the Ames Salmonella assay, for antimicrobial activity against bacterial fungi and algae, for cytotoxicity against Ehrlich ascitic tumour cells and L 1210 cells, and for phytotoxic activity against Lepidium sativum and Seteria italica. All three compounds showed weak mutagenic activity in the Ames assay. Two compounds (II and III) were found to have moderate cytotoxic activity and one (III) exhibited weak antibacterial activity. No compound revealed phytotoxic, algicidal or antifungal activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Structure-activity relationships for unsaturated dialdehydes. 3. Mutagenic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and phytotoxic activities of merulidial derivatives.

The mutagenic activity in the Ames' Salmonella assay, the antimicrobial activities against bacteria, fungi, and algae, the cytotoxic activities against Ehrlich ascitic tumor cells and L1210 cells, and the phytotoxic activities against Lepidium sativum and Setaria italica, of the unsaturated dialdehyde merulidial and six acetylated, hydroxylated, and cyclopropane ring isomerized derivatives of merulidial, are compared. Some possible structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1987

Antibiotics from basidiomycetes. 26. Phlebiakauranol aldehyde an antifungal and cytotoxic metabolite from Punctularia atropurpurascens.

Phlebiakauranol aldehyde and the corresponding alcohol were isolated from cultures of Punctularia atropurpurascens. The aldehyde but not the alcohol exhibited strong antifungal activity against several phytopathogens as well as antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Two acetylated derivatives prepared from the aldehyde showed only very weak antifungal and antibacterial and moderate cytotoxic activities. We therefore assume, that the aldehyde group together with the high number of hydroxyl groups are responsible for the biological activity of the compound.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

8006-I, an antibiotic from Amblyosporium spongiosum (Pers.) Hughes sensu Pirozynski. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and physico-chemical properties.

A strain of Amblyosporium spongiosum (Pers.) Hughes sensu Pirozynski, HA 8006 isolated from an infected Lactarius deliciosus was found to produce two antibiotics, 8006-I and 8006-II. The same compounds could be isolated from cultures of several strains of the genus Amblyosporium obtained from the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures. The highest yields of 8006-I (80 mg/liter culture) were obtained from the mycelium of strain HA 8006. Antibiotic 8006-I is unstable in the presence of light or oxygen and has a carotenoid structure.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

8006-I, an antibiotic from Amblyosporium spongiosum (Pers.) Hughes sensu Pirozynski. II. Biological properties.

8006-I is an antibacterial antibiotic with a rather broad spectrum of activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for the most sensitive bacteria are in the range of one to ten micrograms/ml. Yeasts are not affected by concentrations up to 100 micrograms/ml. Some filamentous fungi like Fusarium oxysporum and Mucor miehei are inhibited at 100 micrograms/ml. In Ehrlich carcinoma ascitic cells the incorporation of uridine and leucine and to a lesser extent that of thymidine is reduced. In isolated nuclei of these cells the incorporation of UTP into RNA is inhibited. At low concentrations, the incorporation of uracil into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material is almost completely inhibited in cells of Bacillus subtilis; at higher concentrations all macromolecular syntheses are affected. No reduction of respiration of the cells is observed. The antibiotic exhibits weak hemolytic activity and lytic activity towards bacteria. In vitro an inhibition of both DNA- and RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli is observed. Poly(U)-directed poly(Phe) synthesis is not affected.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Deflectins, new antimicrobial azaphilones from Aspergillus deflectus.

Five structurally related, angular azaphilones, the deflectins, were isolated from the mycelia of Aspergillus deflectus. The structures of all compounds have been established. Besides the inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria and fungi, these compounds showed lytic activity towards bacteria and erythrocytes and cytotoxic activity towards cells of the ascitic form of Ehrlich carcinoma of mice. The inhibitory effects of the deflectins could be reversed by the addition of serum or serum albumin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 185. The anthraquinones of the Aspergillus glaucus group. I. Occurrence, isolation, identification and antimicrobial activity.

The occurrence of emodin, erythroglaucin, physcion, physcion-9-anthrone, questin, catenarin, and catenarin-8-methyl ether in different species of the Aspergillus glaucus group (genus Eurotium) was investigated. So far catenarin-8-methyl ether (1, 4, 6-trihydroxy-8-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone) has not been described as a natural product; it was therefore given the name rubrocristin. The chemical and physical properties of rubrocristin are reported. In addition a new violet pigment (C16H12O5) was isolated and characterized by its MS-, IR- and UV-spectra. The antimicrobial properties of all substances were examined in the agar diffusion assay. Gram-positive bacteria were the most sensitive organisms and catenarin was the most active naturally occurring substance. Synthetically obtained 1, 4, 6, 8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone was slightly more active than catenarin, whereas rubrocristin showed no antibacterial activity.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed1980

Tetronic acid derivatives from Aspergillus panamensis. Production, isolation, characterization and biological activity.

When Aspergillus panamensis, CBS 120.45, was grown on a medium with high carbon and low nitrogen content, it was found to produce six antibiotically active metabolites. All compounds were identified as tetronic acid derivatives; three of them were found to be identical with gregatins A, B, and D, previously reported as metabolites of Cephalosporium gregatum. The other three compounds are new. All six compounds show antibacterial activity towards Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Five of the antibiotics exhibit inhibitory effects on the macromolecular syntheses in cells of the ascitic form of EHRLICH carcinoma (ECA) of mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 184. On the mode of action of cladosporin.

Cladosporin, a fungal isocoumarin derivative, strongly inhibits the uptake and thereby the incorporation of uracil and leucine into cells of Bacillus brevis and the incorporation of uridine but not leucine into cells of the ascitic form of Ehrlich carcinoma (ECA) of mice. Normal uptake was not restored by removal of the antibiotic. In cells of Escherichia coli A 19-15 (met-) the inhibition of methionine uptake is associated with the cessation of growth. In a methionine-prototrophic revertant from this organism, the uptake of methionine is still inhibited; growth, however, is hardly affected by cladosporin. In vitro no effect on the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from E. coli and on the RNA polymerase II from wheat germ could be detected. The poly(U)-directed poly(Phe) synthesis was also not inhibited by cladosporin. It is concluded that cladosporin inhibits uptake processes which, for the case of essential nutrients, leads to loss of viability.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Chronic osteomylitis in the standard animal model on the tibia head of rabbits].

The making of a standardized model of a chronic osteomyelitis is represented. The standardized cavity in the tibia head of 7 x 12 x 5 mm is attainable by trepanation. A plastic body was inserted in the cavity. The cavity was inoculated with staphylococcus aureus after 4 weeks. The model is suitable for the assessment of different therapy methods and for the clarification of other questions, because of the control possibility of healing by exact methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Metabolic products of microorganisms. 170. On the antibiotic activity of cladosporin.

Cladosporin was isolated from the cultures of three species of the genus Eurotium. Cladosporin inhibited the growth of several fungi and at very low concentrations the growth of Bacillus brevis and Clostridium pasteurianum. Bacillus subtilis and most other Gram-positive bacteria were not sensitive. Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts were not affected by concentrations up to 100 microgram/ml. Dimethyl cladosporin showed only week activity against Bacillus brevis with the minimal inhibitory concentrations being a 100 times higher than of cladosporin. The incorporation of leucine and uracil into acid insoluble material in Bacillus brevis cells was completely inhibited by concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml cladosporin. The incorporation of thymidine was not affected at this concentration.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Experimental studies on the domestic pig about reconstruction of the injured organ of continence].

In 12 domestic pigs, body weight ranging between 30 and 40 kg at operation, under general anesthesia the continence organ was paracoccygeally dissected on one side, and in 6 other animals bilaterally, and immediately thereafter reconstructed. The reconstruction was done paying regard to the fascial skeleton. In all cases the wounds healed primarily. The functional results were good, incontinence was not observed.

Animals↗