Biomedical subjects
H Armstrong
Publications and source records attributed to H Armstrong.
Allele frequencies of the third component of complement (C3) in MS patients.
No difference was found in the allele frequency of C3 (third component of complement) in 129 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared with both 69 controls or with similar reported controls from the published literature. An association cannot be confirmed between C3 and MS.
Yoga: one physician's experience.
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Prevention of experimental allergic encephalitis in Lewis rats by rat and bovine spinal cord proteins.
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Prevention of experimental allergic encephalitis in guinea-pigs with spinal cord protein: optimum pretreatment schedules and appraisal of plausible mechanisms.
Pretreatment of Hartley guinea-pigs with three injections of 100 microgram of the purified bovine spinal cord protein, (SCP), protected tham from clinical experimental allergic encephalitis (EAE) when they were subsequently challenged with 50 microgram of purified bovine myelin basic protein (MyBP) in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). The length of the optimum pretreated schedule was found to be 1 week and the animals were fully protected for 2 weeks. Protection declined thereafter so that by 4 weeks following pretreatment only 40% of the animals were protected. The protected state could be restored several weeks after it had lapsed by repeating the treatment with SCP. Immature animals did not respond well to pretreatment with SCP. Evidence was presented to indicate that specific, non-specific immune suppression or anti-SCP IgG were not involved to a significant extent in protection. SCP-treated guinea-pigs regularly displayed delayed skin hypersensitivity to MyBP after sensitization but there was no correlation between the degree of cutaneous reactivity and protection from disease. Because SCP is localized in the nerve axon, the speculation was advanced that anti-SCP blocking factors might be responsible for preserving axonal function in SCP-treated animals sensitized with MyBP.
Letter: Rupture of plantaris tendon.
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Further characterization of the anti-encephalitogenic protein (SCP): isolation from bovine spinal cord and spinal roots.
The three molecular forms of the anti-encephalitogenic protein, beta-SCP, gamma-SCP, and SCP-peptide were isolated in higher yield by a shortened procedure, which involved 1) extraction of bovine spinal cord (BSC) or bovine spinal roots (BSR) with 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 4.5, 2) batch absorption on CM-52 cellulose, 3) stepwise elution with sodium acetate buffers, pH 5.8, containing increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and finally, 4) removal of trace contaminants by gel-exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-50 superfine. The m.w. of the purified proteins determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was 13,200 daltons. The same value for the molecular sizes was obtained by gel-exclusion chromatography by using 0.1% SDS in 0.05M sodium chloride as eluant. In the absence of SDS the molecular sizes estimated by gel exclusion chromatography ranged from 14,000 to 18,500. The amino acid compositions of the beta-SCP and gamma-SCP from BSC and BSR were similar except that beta-SCP from BSR lacked half-cystine whereas gamma-SCP from BSR contained three times as much half-cystine as the SCP forms prepared from BSC. All forms of SCP showed reactions of identity when compared by immunodiffusion analyses with a rabbit anti-bovine SCP serum; none formed precipitin lines with a rabbit anti-bovine myelin basic protein (MyBP) serum.
Parital characterization of the rat anti-encephalitogenic protein (RSCP).
A protein antigenically similar to the anti-encephalitogenic bovine spinal cord protein (BSCP) was detected in saline extracts of rat nervous tissues by immunodiffusion analyses using a rabbit anti-BSCP serum. Rat SCP (RSCP) appears to be evenly distributed throughout all parts of the rat nervous system and occurs also in the thymus, thyroid, and adrenal glands. Although immunodiffusion analyses indicated that RSCP shares some antigenic sites with BSCP, anti-RSCP sera reacted only with RSCP, indicating that the major immunogenic determinants of the RSCP are peculiar to the rat and differ from the immunogenic determinants of human, monkey, rabbit, guinea pig, or bovine SCP. Immunoelectrophoretic analyses of concentrated pastes of rat brain (RB) or rat spinal cord (RSC) in agar at pH 8.6 revealed that RSCP occurs in two molecular forms having the electrophoretic mobilities of a serum beta-globulin and a serum gamma-globulin, respectively. However, gamma-RSCP is the predominant component of extracts of brain or spinal cord. Gamma-RSCP was isolated from RB and RSC by a procedure which involved: a) extraction with 0.05 M ammonium acetate buffer, pH 4.0; b) batch absorption of impurities on CM-52 cellulose; c) batch absorption of RSCP on SP-Sephadex, pH 3.5; d) elution of RSCP from SP-Sephadex, pH 5.5; and finally, e) gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 superfine. Purified gamma-RSCP formed one band when analyzed by polyacrylamide electrophoresis in acid gels containing 8 M urea. In contrast, two bands were always present when gamma-RSCP from brain or spinal cord were subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis in 15% gels. The larger of the two components of brain gamma-RSCP had a m.w. of 12,400 daltons, whereas the two components of spinal cord gamma-RSCP were smaller. The molecular sizes of brain RSCP and spinal cord RSCP was estimated by gel filtration chromatography to be 12,400 daltons. The amino acid compositions of gamma-RSCP prepared from RB or RSC were similar except that gamma-RSCP from RSC contained twice as much half-cystine and a slightly higher proportion of basic amino acid than gamma-RSCP from RB.
Seizures in Canadian Indian children: individual, family and community approaches.
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Nutritional status of black preschool children in Mississippi. Assessment by food frequency scale.
Food frequency data were studied in relation to the nutritional status of 372 black preschool children in three Mississippi counties. The following data were utilized: quantitative dietary intakes for four or seven days, from which intakes of eight nutrients and energy were calculated and frequency of consumption of all individual foods was obtained; and anthropometric (height) and biochemical (hemoglobin) meausres. Six Guttman scales of food consumption frequencies were constructed: in four scales, all foods consumed in four or seven days were assigned to one of nine food groups which formed scale steps; two scales represented foods from single food groups--breads and milk and milk products. The wide range of individual consumption frequencies required special handling of the data, using a method devised by TenHouten in his work on scale gradient analysis. Kendall's tau correlation coefficients were calculated for relationships between all scales and commonly used indicators of nutritional status, including calculated intakes of eight nutrients and energy, height percentiles, and hemoglobin values. Two total food consumption scales based on seven-day dietary intakes were valid indicators of nutritional status, i.e., the scales were significantly correlated with all three indicators of nutritional status. The milk scale was significantly correlated woth two total food consumption scales, height percentiles, and nine calculated intakes; this finding suggests that a milk scale warrants further investigation. This research focused on relationships between the food scales and nutritional status indicators as an initial step in a study of overall family development. According to the family development model, the food scales and scales dealing with other areas of home and family life are all measuring the capacity of the family to process information. The food scale alone, which has meaning for both the nutritionist and the sociologist, has implications for nutrition education in determining what to teach, selecting teachers, and evaluating change in food practices.